水平井趾端压裂关键工具设计与试验
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摘要
大牛地气田和东胜气田水平井采用连续油管底封拖动或桥塞泵送压裂工艺,趾端首段压裂施工时存在封隔器解封困难、电缆射孔施工工期长和费用高等问题。为解决这些问题,结合现场压裂工艺,研究了水平井趾端滑套分段压裂技术,研制了趾端延时滑套、密封锁紧座等关键工具,以满足水平井套管柱试压需求,实现水平井趾端免射孔全通径压裂。地面性能试验结果表明,设计的水平井趾端压裂关键工具能够实现压裂滑套定压延时开启、固井碰压锁紧密封等功能,趾端延时滑套爆破阀在压力达到82.0 MPa时启动,延时29min后滑套完全打开,且滑套承压达到105.0MPa;密封锁紧座与配套胶塞可实现碰压锁紧,反向承压能力达到52.5MPa,具备现场应用可行性。水平井趾端压裂工具的成功研制,为今后替代水平井射孔作业、降低国内致密油气藏开发成本提供了技术支持。
For the coiled tubing undersealing drag technology or bridge plug pumping fracturing technology adopted in the horizontal wells in Daniudi Gas Field and Dongsheng Gas Field,there are many problems in the first stage of toe-end fracturing,such as difficulty in unseating packer,long construction period and high cost of wireline perforation.Based on the field technology,the toe-end sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology was studied,and some key tools,such as toe-end time delay sliding sleeve and seal locking seat,were designed to meet the pressure test requirements of casing string in horizontal wells,and to realize the toe-end non-perforation and full bore fracturing in horizontal wells.Ground test results showed that the key fracturing tools designed in toe-end can realize the functions of locking and sealing in cementing bumping and constant pressure time delay opening of fracturing sliding sleeve.The blasting valve of the toe end time delay sliding sleeve was initiated at the pressure of 82.0 MPa,the sliding sleeve was successfully opened after 29 minutes' delay,and the bearing pressure of the sliding sleeve reached 105.0 MPa;the seal locking seat and the matching rubber plug can realize the locking of cementing bumping,and the reverse pressure sealing ability reached 52.5 MPa.It was verified that the technology has the feasibility of field application.The successful development of the toe-end fracturing tools for horizontal wells could provide technical support for replacing the perforation operation of horizontal wells and reducing the development cost of domestic tight oil and gas reservoirs in the future.
For the coiled tubing undersealing drag technology or bridge plug pumping fracturing technology adopted in the horizontal wells in Daniudi Gas Field and Dongsheng Gas Field,there are many problems in the first stage of toe-end fracturing,such as difficulty in unseating packer,long construction period and high cost of wireline perforation.Based on the field technology,the toe-end sliding sleeve staged fracturing technology was studied,and some key tools,such as toe-end time delay sliding sleeve and seal locking seat,were designed to meet the pressure test requirements of casing string in horizontal wells,and to realize the toe-end non-perforation and full bore fracturing in horizontal wells.Ground test results showed that the key fracturing tools designed in toe-end can realize the functions of locking and sealing in cementing bumping and constant pressure time delay opening of fracturing sliding sleeve.The blasting valve of the toe end time delay sliding sleeve was initiated at the pressure of 82.0 MPa,the sliding sleeve was successfully opened after 29 minutes' delay,and the bearing pressure of the sliding sleeve reached 105.0 MPa;the seal locking seat and the matching rubber plug can realize the locking of cementing bumping,and the reverse pressure sealing ability reached 52.5 MPa.It was verified that the technology has the feasibility of field application.The successful development of the toe-end fracturing tools for horizontal wells could provide technical support for replacing the perforation operation of horizontal wells and reducing the development cost of domestic tight oil and gas reservoirs in the future.
引文
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[13]曾雨辰,陈波,杜爱龙,等.白庙平1水平井多级分段重复压裂实践[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(6):79-82.ZENG Yuchen,CHEN Bo,DU Ailong,et al.Horizontal well multistage refracturing practice in Well Baimiao-H1[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(6):79-82.
[14]秦金立,陈作,杨同玉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地水平井多级滑套分段压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2015,43(1):7-12.QIN Jinli,CHEN Zuo,YANG Tongyu,et al.Technology of staged fracturing with multi-stage sleeves for horizontal wells in the Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2015,43(1):7-12.
[15]赵铭,王伟佳,刘洪彬,等.国外页岩气井连续油管固井滑套压裂完井方式研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(2):59-62.ZHAO Ming,WANG Weijia,LIU Hongbin,et al.Study on well completion by coiled tubing fracturing and cementing sliding sleeves in shale gas[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(2):59-62.
[2]文果,蒋文学,郑维师.苏里格气田致密底水气藏堵水压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(4):97-102.WEN Guo,JIANG Wenxue,ZHENG Weishi.Water plugging and fracturing technology for tight and bottom-water gas reservoir in the Sulige Gas Field[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(4):97-102.
[3]陈路原.泾河油田连续油管水力喷砂射孔环空多簇压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2015,43(4):108-112.CHEN Luyuan.Technology of hydraulic sand blasting perforation and multiple clusters fracturing with coiled tubing in Jinghe Oilfield[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2015,43(4):108-112.
[4]孙明辉.红河油田水平井分段压裂技术研究与应用[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2016.SUN Minghui.Research and application of multi-stage fracturing technology of horizontal well in Honghe Oilfield[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2016.
[5]莫里斯·杜索尔特,约翰·麦克力兰,蒋恕.大规模多级水力压裂技术在页岩油气藏开发中的应用[J].石油钻探技术,2011,39(3):6-16.DUSSEAULT M,McLENNAN J,JIANG Shu.Massive multistage hydraulic fracturing for oil and gas recovery from low mobility reservoirs in China[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2011,39(3):6-16.
[6]TREBING C,WHITWORTH J,BESZTERDA A.Cost effective solutions to achieve injection post toe valve failure[R].SPE 173678,2015.
[7]周德华,焦方正,贾长贵,等.JY1HF页岩气水平井大型分段压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(1):75-80.ZHOU Dehua,JIAO Fangzheng,JIA Changgui,et al.Largescale multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technology for shale gas horizontal Well JY1HF[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(1):75-80.
[8]WELLHOEFER B,CANNING S,ALKET T,et al.New toe sleeve enable true casing-pressure test in an Eagle Ford shale well:a case study[R].SPE 176876,2015.
[9]CHAUFFE S,PENCE N,HARRIS M.Frac sleeve designer for multi-zone cemented laterals[R].SPE 174075,2015.
[10]魏辽,秦金立,朱玉杰,等.套管水平井全通径分段压裂工具新进展[J].断块油气田,2016,23(2):248-251.WEI Liao,QIN Jinli,ZHU Yujie,et al.New development of full-bore and unlimited multistage fracturing tools for cased hole horizontal well[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2016,23(2):248-251.
[11]徐玉龙,程智远,李文艳,等.水平井裸眼分段压裂套压阀研制与应用[J].石油矿场机械,2014,43(11):90-92.XU Yulong,CHENG Zhiyuan,LI Wenyan,et al.Research and application of sliding sleeve opened by casing pressure used for staged fracturing in openhole horizontal wells[J].Oil Field Equipment,2014,43(11):90-92.
[12]付玉坤,喻成刚,尹强,等.国内外页岩气水平井分段压裂工具发展现状与趋势[J].石油钻采工艺,2017,39(4):514-520.FU Yukun,YU Chenggang,YIN Qiang,et al.Development status and trend of shale-gas horizontal well staged fracturing tools at home and abroad[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2017,39(4):514-520.
[13]曾雨辰,陈波,杜爱龙,等.白庙平1水平井多级分段重复压裂实践[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(6):79-82.ZENG Yuchen,CHEN Bo,DU Ailong,et al.Horizontal well multistage refracturing practice in Well Baimiao-H1[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(6):79-82.
[14]秦金立,陈作,杨同玉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地水平井多级滑套分段压裂技术[J].石油钻探技术,2015,43(1):7-12.QIN Jinli,CHEN Zuo,YANG Tongyu,et al.Technology of staged fracturing with multi-stage sleeves for horizontal wells in the Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2015,43(1):7-12.
[15]赵铭,王伟佳,刘洪彬,等.国外页岩气井连续油管固井滑套压裂完井方式研究[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(2):59-62.ZHAO Ming,WANG Weijia,LIU Hongbin,et al.Study on well completion by coiled tubing fracturing and cementing sliding sleeves in shale gas[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2017,40(2):59-62.