基于PGS-Nucleus模拟远场子波压制气泡技术
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摘要
海上地震勘探主要采用的是气枪阵列震源。震源激发时,会形成气泡效应,这种现象会严重影响地震资料浅层成像效果,尤其是天然气水合物地震资料的分辨率和信噪比。利用PGS-Nucleus软件模拟实际震源远场子波,进而用该远场子波进行子波整形处理,气泡得到了较好的压制。远场子波采集成本巨大,因此,在缺少远场子波的情况下,该方法是一种较好的替代方法,能够在保护有效反射的情况下有效压制气泡效应,提高地震资料的分辨率和信噪比。
The seismic source of air-gun array is often used in offshore seismic exploration.Bubble effect will form when the source is excited.Bubbles will seriously affect the quality of seismic data,especially the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic survey for NGH(natural gas hydrate).In this paper,the authors attempt to use the software of PGS-nucleus to simulate far-field wavelets,and then utilize them to carry out wavelet shaping processing,so as to effectively suppress the bubble oscillation effect.The acquisition cost of far-field wavelets is huge,so in the absence of far-field wavelets,this method is a good choice,which can effectively suppress the bubble oscillation effect protect the effective reflection and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.
The seismic source of air-gun array is often used in offshore seismic exploration.Bubble effect will form when the source is excited.Bubbles will seriously affect the quality of seismic data,especially the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic survey for NGH(natural gas hydrate).In this paper,the authors attempt to use the software of PGS-nucleus to simulate far-field wavelets,and then utilize them to carry out wavelet shaping processing,so as to effectively suppress the bubble oscillation effect.The acquisition cost of far-field wavelets is huge,so in the absence of far-field wavelets,this method is a good choice,which can effectively suppress the bubble oscillation effect protect the effective reflection and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.
引文
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[12]杨振,文鹏飞,彭璐,等.基于高阶双谱的子波整形方法[J].物探与化探,2015,39(5):1027-1031.
[13]杨振,韦成龙,彭璐,等.单道地震的子波整形问题探讨[J].华南地震,2017,37(1):35-41.
[14]杨博,孟祥君.基于上/下源组合思想的立体气枪阵列数值模拟与软件集成[J].海洋地质前沿,2016,32(6):57-63.
[15]王红丽,丁在宇,桂德军,等.震源子波反褶积在海洋地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2013,52(1):49-54.
[16] Herring C.Theory of the pulsation of the gas bubble produced by an underwater explosion[R].New York:Columbia University,1941.
[17] Pascouet A.Something new under the water:the bubbleless air gun[J].The Leading Edge,1991,10(11):79-81.
[2]陈浩林,全海燕,於国平,等.气枪震源理论与技术综述(上)[J].物探装备,2008,18(4):211-217.
[3]陈浩林,全海燕,於国平,等.气枪震源理论与技术综述(下)[J].物探装备,2008,18(5):300-308.
[4]陈浩林,倪成洲.气枪阵列远程子波模拟与应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2008,43(6):623-625.
[5]任婷,彭海龙,覃殿明,等.深水区直达波子波提取气泡效应压制技术[J].石油地球物理勘探,2018,53(2):243-250.
[6]李国发,曹明强,陈浩林,等.海上地震勘探GI枪子波数值模拟[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2011,41(1):277-282.
[7]李绪宣,温书亮,顾汉明,等.海上气枪阵列震源子波数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):215-220.
[8] Parkes G E,Ziolkowski A,Hatton L,et al.The signature of an air gun array:Computation from near-field measurements including interactions-Practical considerations[J].Geophysics,1984,48(2):105-111.
[9] Safar M A.Single water gun far-field pressure signatures estimated from near-field measurements[J].Geophysics,1985,50(2):257-261.
[10]杨志国,王哲.海洋地震资料采集过程中近场检波器的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1026-1033.
[11]王卫华.提高地震剖面信噪比和分辨率的一种新途径[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(2):246-256.
[12]杨振,文鹏飞,彭璐,等.基于高阶双谱的子波整形方法[J].物探与化探,2015,39(5):1027-1031.
[13]杨振,韦成龙,彭璐,等.单道地震的子波整形问题探讨[J].华南地震,2017,37(1):35-41.
[14]杨博,孟祥君.基于上/下源组合思想的立体气枪阵列数值模拟与软件集成[J].海洋地质前沿,2016,32(6):57-63.
[15]王红丽,丁在宇,桂德军,等.震源子波反褶积在海洋地震资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2013,52(1):49-54.
[16] Herring C.Theory of the pulsation of the gas bubble produced by an underwater explosion[R].New York:Columbia University,1941.
[17] Pascouet A.Something new under the water:the bubbleless air gun[J].The Leading Edge,1991,10(11):79-81.