盘锦红海滩土壤理化性质和土壤酶调查
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摘要
近年来,我国滩涂湿地退化十分严重,其中盘锦红海滩的翅碱蓬也呈现了大面积退化和死亡得现象。本文以盘锦红海滩不同时间、不同区域的土壤为例,对土壤理化性质和土壤酶进行研究,通过测定翅碱蓬生长的土壤中pH、盐度、氧化还原电位、总磷、总氮、氨氮、硝酸盐氮和土壤酶理化性质,来探查翅碱蓬退化的原因。实验结果表明:不同区域4月份土壤样品的pH、盐度、氧化还原电位、总氮、总磷和亚硝酸盐氮含量较3月份土壤样品相比均有所降低,其中总磷和亚硝酸盐氮下降明显;氨氮、硝酸盐氮变化无明显规律。翅碱蓬生长繁茂区土样的土壤酶与退化区相比差别不大;当气温升高时,各地区酶活性均有所提高。
In recent years, the degradation problem of intertidal wetland is increasingly more serious in China, among them, the S. heteroptera of Panjin red beach have showed the widespread degradation and the phenomenon of death. In this paper, we have treated the different soil in Panjin Red Beach at different time period as example to search for the soil physical and chemical properties. Data was collected through measuring the soil pH, salinity, oxidation and reduction potential, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and soil enzymes and other physical and chemical properties to explore the factors, which lead to the degradation of saponin. The experimental result showed that compared with the soil sample of March, the contents of pH, salinity, redox potential, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and nitrite of April were lower. What's more, differently form the inapparent variation regularity of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the data of total phosphorus and nitrite Nitrogen decreased significantly. There was no significant difference between the soil enzyme and the degraded area of the soil in the lush area of the S. heteroptera. In addition, we found that the enzymatic activity of the soil was increased due to the improvement of the temperature.
In recent years, the degradation problem of intertidal wetland is increasingly more serious in China, among them, the S. heteroptera of Panjin red beach have showed the widespread degradation and the phenomenon of death. In this paper, we have treated the different soil in Panjin Red Beach at different time period as example to search for the soil physical and chemical properties. Data was collected through measuring the soil pH, salinity, oxidation and reduction potential, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and soil enzymes and other physical and chemical properties to explore the factors, which lead to the degradation of saponin. The experimental result showed that compared with the soil sample of March, the contents of pH, salinity, redox potential, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and nitrite of April were lower. What's more, differently form the inapparent variation regularity of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, the data of total phosphorus and nitrite Nitrogen decreased significantly. There was no significant difference between the soil enzyme and the degraded area of the soil in the lush area of the S. heteroptera. In addition, we found that the enzymatic activity of the soil was increased due to the improvement of the temperature.
引文
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[21]付素静.干旱荒漠区典型土壤硝酸盐分布特征及硝化反硝化作用研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.Fu Sujing.Nitrate distribution and nitrification and denitrification in typical desert soils[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2012.
[22]李玉霞,周华荣.干旱区湿地景观植物群落与环境因子的关系[J].生态与农村环境学报,2011,27(6):43-49.Li Yuxia,Zhou Huarong.Relationship Between Wetland Landscape Plant Communities and Environment Factors in Arid Zone[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2011,27(6):43-49.
[23]章永松,林咸永.有机肥(物)对土壤中磷的活化作用及机理研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1998,4(2):151-155.Zhang Yongsong,Lin Xianyong.Studies on activation of phosphorus by organic manuture in soils and its mechanisms[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,1998,4(2):151-155.
[24]林世玲.硫肥和pH值的变化对土壤有效磷含量和作物产量的影响[D].兰州.兰州大学,2011.Lin Shiling.Effects of sulphur fertilizer and pH value on soil available P content and crop yield[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.
[25]龚兆胜,赵正平.广义氧化还原[J].化学通报,2002,65(8):567-574.Gong Zhaosheng,Zhao Zhengping.Generalized oxidation-reduction[J].Chemical Bulletin,2002,65(8):567-574.
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[27]胡玉婵.不同植被恢复模式对山核桃林地土壤生物活性的影响[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2016.Hu Yuchan.Effect of different vegetation restoration model on soil biological activities in the Carya cathayensis Stands[D].Hefei:Anhui Agriculture University,2016.
[28]邵文山,李国旗.土壤酶功能及测定方法研究进展[J].北方园艺,2016,9:188-193.Shao Wenshan,Li Guoqi.Research progress in soil enzyme function and determination method[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,9:188-193.
[29]秦华,林先贵,陈瑞蕊,等.DEHP对土壤脱氢酶活性及微生物功能多样性的影响[J].土壤学报,2005,5:127-132.Qin Hua,Lin Xiangui,Chen Ruirui,et,al.Effects of DEHP on dehydrogenase activity and microbial functional diversity in soil[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2005,5:127-132.
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[2]徐波.红海滩湿地生态环境保护与措施[J].生态农林,2017(12):71-72.Xu Bo.Ecological environment protection and measures of red beach wetland[J].Ecological agroforestry,2017(12):71-72.
[3]王金爽.翅碱蓬应用于生态修复的研究进展[J].农业科技与装备,2015,10:5-7.Wang Jinshuang.Research Progress of Suaeda Heteroptera Applying on Ecological Restoration[J].Agricultural Science&Technology and Equipment,2015,10:5-7.
[4]Giresse P,Cahet G.Oraganic fluxes of cameroonian rivers into the gulf of guinea:A quantitative approach to biodegradation in estuary and plume[J].Oceanologica Acta,1997,20(6):837-849.
[5]Kastner M,Breuer-Jammali M,Mahro B.Impact ofin oculation protocols,salinity and pH on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAl-Is)and surviv al of PAH-degrading bacteria introduced into soil[J].Ap pl Envffon Microbiol,1998,64:359-362.
[6]王艳,刘汝海,高会旺,等.退化过程中翅碱蓬湿地营养元素变化特征研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,(6):12-15.Wang Yan,Liu Ruhai,Gao Huiwang et,al.Changing Characteristics of Nutrients in Different Suaeda heteroptera Wetlands[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2013,(6):12-15.
[7]Vitousek P M,Matson P A,Cleve K V.Nitrogen availability and nitrification during succession,primary,secondary and old field series[J].Plant and Soil,1989,115:229-239.
[8]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986.Guan Songyin.Soil enzyme and its research method[M].Beijing:Agricultural Publishing House,1986.
[9]李程程.双台子河口湿地植物-土壤生态化学计量特征及其相关性研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2015.Li Chengcheng.Study on Ecological Stoichiometry characteristics and correlation of plants and soil in the wetland of Shuangtaizi Estuary[D].DaLian:DaLian Maritine University,2015.
[10]李江明,黄训东,李远强,等.用不同方法测定海底沉积物的pH值[J].仪器仪表与分析监测,2005,83(3):33-40.Li Jiangming,Huang Xundong,Li Yuanqiang,et,al.Determine pH Value of the Marine Sediment with Different Methods[J].Instrumentation Analysis Monitoring,2005,83(3):33-40.
[11]陈龙池,廖利平,汪思龙,等.根系分泌物生态学研究[J].生态学杂志,2002,21(6):57-62.Chen Longchi,Liao Liping,Wang Silong,et,al.A Review for R esearch of R oot Exudates Ecology[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2002,21(6):57-62.
[12]赵强,李忠波.盘锦“红海滩”退化与翅碱蓬耐盐性探讨[J].北方水稻,2003,(5):42-44.Zhao Qiang,Li Zhongbo.Degradation of red beach in Panjin and salt tolerance of Suaeda heteroptera[J].Northern Rice,2003,(5):42-44.
[13]赵可夫,李法曾,樊守金,等.中国的盐生植物[J].植物学通报,1999,16(3):201-207.Zhao Kefu,Li Fazeng,Fan Shoujin,et,al.Halophytes in China[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,1999,16(3):201-207.
[14]吕瑞恒,刘勇,于海群,等.北京山区不同林分类型土壤肥力的研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2009,31(6):159-163.LüRuiheng,Liu Yong,Yu Haiqun,et,al.Soil fertility of different forest types in the mountainous area of Beijing[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2009,31(6):159-163.
[15]李朝生,杨晓晖,于春堂,等.鄂尔多斯高原北部不同植被类型下土壤性状的分异[J].水土保持学报,2006(5):48-51.Li Chaosheng,Yang Xiaohui,Yu Chuntang,et,al.Heterogeneity of Soil Characteristic about Diff erent Vegetation Types in North of Ordos Plateau[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2006(5):48-51.
[16]林学政,沈继红,刘克斋,等.种植盐地碱蓬修复滨海盐渍土效果的研究[J].海洋科学进展,2005,23(1):65-69.Lin Xuezheng,Shen Jihong,Liu Kezhai,et,al.Study on Remediation Effects of Suaeda salsa L.Planting on Coastal Saline Soil[J].Advances In Marine Science,2005,23(1):65-69.
[17]谢腾芳,薛立,王相娥.土壤-植物-大气连续体系中氮的研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2009,28(10):2107-2116.Xie Tengfang,Xue Li,Wang Xiange.Nitrogen in soilplant-atmosphere continuum:Areview.[J].Chinese Jurnalof Eology,2009,28(10):2107-2116.
[18]史崇文,盛若虹.氨氮转化研究[J].山西化工,1995(4):15-16.Shi Chongwen,Sheng Ruohong.Study on the transformation of ammonia nitrogen[J].Shanxi Chemical Industry,1995(4):15-16.
[19]史红星,刘会娟,曲久辉,等.无机矿质颗粒悬浮物对富营养化水体氨氮的吸附特性[J].环境科学,2005,26(5):72-76.Shi Hongxing,Liu Huijuan,Qu Jiuhui,et,al.Property of Adsorption about Ammonium on Suspended Mineral Matters in Eutrophic Water[J].Environmental Science,2005,26(5):72-76.
[20]聂发辉,李娟花,刘占孟.鄱阳湖湿地土壤对氨氮的吸附性能研究[J].华东交通大学学报,2015,33(2):136-142.Nie Fahui,Li Juanhua,Liu Zhanmeng.Study on Wetland Soil Adsorption of Ammonia Nitrogen in Poyang Lake[J].Journal of East China Jiaotong University,2015,33(2):136-142.
[21]付素静.干旱荒漠区典型土壤硝酸盐分布特征及硝化反硝化作用研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012.Fu Sujing.Nitrate distribution and nitrification and denitrification in typical desert soils[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2012.
[22]李玉霞,周华荣.干旱区湿地景观植物群落与环境因子的关系[J].生态与农村环境学报,2011,27(6):43-49.Li Yuxia,Zhou Huarong.Relationship Between Wetland Landscape Plant Communities and Environment Factors in Arid Zone[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2011,27(6):43-49.
[23]章永松,林咸永.有机肥(物)对土壤中磷的活化作用及机理研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,1998,4(2):151-155.Zhang Yongsong,Lin Xianyong.Studies on activation of phosphorus by organic manuture in soils and its mechanisms[J].Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science,1998,4(2):151-155.
[24]林世玲.硫肥和pH值的变化对土壤有效磷含量和作物产量的影响[D].兰州.兰州大学,2011.Lin Shiling.Effects of sulphur fertilizer and pH value on soil available P content and crop yield[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.
[25]龚兆胜,赵正平.广义氧化还原[J].化学通报,2002,65(8):567-574.Gong Zhaosheng,Zhao Zhengping.Generalized oxidation-reduction[J].Chemical Bulletin,2002,65(8):567-574.
[26]龚兆胜,洪常青,黄红苹.土壤养分位与广义氧化还原电极电势[J].云南农业大学学报,2004,19(4):462-465.Gong Zhaosheng,Hong Changqing,Huang Hongping.Potentials of Soil Nutrient and Electrade Potentials for Generalized Oxidation and Reduction Reactions[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University,2004,19(4):462-465.
[27]胡玉婵.不同植被恢复模式对山核桃林地土壤生物活性的影响[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2016.Hu Yuchan.Effect of different vegetation restoration model on soil biological activities in the Carya cathayensis Stands[D].Hefei:Anhui Agriculture University,2016.
[28]邵文山,李国旗.土壤酶功能及测定方法研究进展[J].北方园艺,2016,9:188-193.Shao Wenshan,Li Guoqi.Research progress in soil enzyme function and determination method[J].Northern Horticulture,2016,9:188-193.
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