液压互联悬架系统关键参数对车辆动力学响应影响及试验验证
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摘要
液压互联悬架系统能有效改善车辆的操纵稳定性与安全性,因此分析其关键设计参数对车辆动力学响应的影响具有重要意义。以某SUV为应用对象,设计一套侧倾互联式液压悬架系统。在机械液压耦合边界处,车辆将其运动状态量传递至液压系统,引起蓄能器内气体体积变化,从而改变液压回路中系统油压,进而引起耦合边界处作用力变化。将该作用力引入车辆运动方程,提出一种机械液压耦合车辆动力学模型。开展相关试验验证该模型应用于车辆动力学研究的有效性。选取蛇行试验工况,分析液压互联悬架系统关键参数对车辆响应的影响。仿真结果表明,侧倾角和轮胎动载荷的幅值与系统油压、液压作动器上下腔面积差和面积比呈负相关,与蓄能器初始气体体积呈正相关;各关键参数对车辆侧向加速度峰值影响不明显。考虑开展相关试验研究的可行性,对车辆进行实车测试及数据分析,验证仿真分析结论。
The hydraulically interconnected suspension system plays a significant role on improving vehicle safety,handling performance,which implies the importance of the study of the key parameters of the suspension system on vehicle dynamics.With a sports utility vehicle as the application object,an hydraulic suspension system with anti-roll interconnection mode is introduced,the vehicle state variables are transferred to the hydraulic system on the mechanical and hydraulic coupling surface,then the gas volume in the accumulators are changed which affects the oil pressure in the hydraulic circuits,hence the forces and torques on the coupling surface are updated.The forces and torques are introduced to the vehicle dynamic model to propose a new model with vehicle and hydraulic suspension interacting.The new vehicle model is verified with experimental results to testify its effectiveness on further vehicle response analysis.Then the slalom test is chosen to analyze the influence of the key parameters of the hydraulic suspension system on the vehicle dynamic responses.The results show that the amplitude of the roll angle and the left-rear tire force on z-axis have negative correlation with the oil pressure,the area difference and ratio of the two chambers of the actuators,and positive correlation with the volume of the accumulators; the key parameters have little influence on the peak values of the lateral acceleration.With the consideration of the experimental costs and periods,relative experiments are conducted to validate the above mentioned conclusions.
The hydraulically interconnected suspension system plays a significant role on improving vehicle safety,handling performance,which implies the importance of the study of the key parameters of the suspension system on vehicle dynamics.With a sports utility vehicle as the application object,an hydraulic suspension system with anti-roll interconnection mode is introduced,the vehicle state variables are transferred to the hydraulic system on the mechanical and hydraulic coupling surface,then the gas volume in the accumulators are changed which affects the oil pressure in the hydraulic circuits,hence the forces and torques on the coupling surface are updated.The forces and torques are introduced to the vehicle dynamic model to propose a new model with vehicle and hydraulic suspension interacting.The new vehicle model is verified with experimental results to testify its effectiveness on further vehicle response analysis.Then the slalom test is chosen to analyze the influence of the key parameters of the hydraulic suspension system on the vehicle dynamic responses.The results show that the amplitude of the roll angle and the left-rear tire force on z-axis have negative correlation with the oil pressure,the area difference and ratio of the two chambers of the actuators,and positive correlation with the volume of the accumulators; the key parameters have little influence on the peak values of the lateral acceleration.With the consideration of the experimental costs and periods,relative experiments are conducted to validate the above mentioned conclusions.
引文
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[18]王云超,高秀华,杨旭,等.油气悬挂系统参数对多桥转向特性的影响[J].吉林大学学报,2007,37(2):269-274.WANG Yunchao,GAO Xiuhua,YANG Xu,et al.Effect of hydro pneumatic suspension parameters on steering characteristics of multi axle steering vehicle[J].Journal of Jilin University,2007,37(2):269-274.
[2]TAJIMA J,MOMIYAMA F,YUHARA N.A new solution for two-bag air suspension system with leaf spring for heavy-duty vehicle[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2006,44(2):107-138.
[3]ALONSO A,GIMENEZ J G,NIETO J,et al.Air suspension characterisation and effectiveness of a variable area orifice[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(Suppl.):271-286.
[4]van der WESTHUIZEN S F,ELS P S.Comparison of different gas models to calculate the spring force of a hydropneumatic suspension[J].Journal of Terramechanics,2015,57:41-59.
[5]SOLOMON U,PADMANABHAN C.Hydro-gas suspension system for a tracked vehicle:Modeling and analysis[J].Journal of Terramechanics,2011,48(2):125-137.
[6]郭孔辉,陈禹行,庄晔,等.油气耦连悬架系统的建模与仿真研究[J].湖南大学学报,2011,38(3):29-33.GUO Konghui,CHEN Yuxing,ZHUANG Ye,et al.Modeling and simulation study of hydro pneumatic interconnected suspension system[J].Journal of Hunan University,2011,38(3):29-33.
[7]ZHANG Nong,SMITH W A,JEYAKUMARAN J.Hydraulically interconnected vehicle suspension:Background and modelling[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(1):17-40.
[8]SMITH W A,ZHANG Nong,HU W.Hydraulically interconnected vehicle suspension:Handling performance[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2011,49(1-2):87-106.
[9]SMITH W A,ZHANG Nong,JEYAKUMARAN J.Hydraulically interconnected suspension parameter sensitivity in half-car ride performance[R].SAE Technical Paper,2007-01-0583,2007.
[10]SMITH W A,ZHANG Nong,JEYAKUMARAN J.Hydraulically interconnected vehicle suspension:Theoretical and experimental ride analysis[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2010,48(1):41-64.
[11]CAO Dongpu,RAKHEJA S,SU Chunyi.Roll-and pitch-plane coupled hydro-pneumatic suspension:Part I:Feasibility analysis and suspension properties[J].Vehicle system dynamics,2010,48(3):361-386.
[12]ZHANG Nong,DONG Guangming,DU Haiping.Investigation into untripped rollover of light vehicles in the modified fishhook and the sine maneuvers.Part I:Vehicle modelling,roll and yaw instability[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2008,46(4):271-293.
[13]WANG Miao,ZHANG Nong,MISRA A.Sensitivity of key parameters to dynamics of hydraulic power steering systems[R].SAE Technical Paper,2005-01-2389,2005.
[14]庄德军,柳江,喻凡,等.汽车油气弹簧非线性数学模型及特性[J].上海交通大学学报,2005,39(9):1441-1444.ZHUANG Dejun,LIU Jiang,YU Fan,et al.The nonlinear mathematical model and characteristics of hydro-pneumatic spring[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2005,39(9):1441-1444.
[15]杜恒,魏建华.基于遗传算法的连通式油气悬架平顺性与道路友好性参数优化[J].振动与冲击,2011,30(8):133-138.DU Heng,WEI Jianhua.Parameters optimization of interconnected hydro-pneumatic suspension for road comfort and road-friendliness based on genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2011,30(8):133-138.
[16]李伟平,柳超,窦现东,等.油气悬架的不确定性多目标优化[J].湖南大学学报,2014,41(10):27-34.LI Weiping,LIU Chao,DU Xiandong,et al.Multi-objective optimization based on uncertainty in hydro-pneumatic suspension[J].Journal of Hunan University,2014,41(10):27-34.
[17]杨波,陈思忠,王勋,等.双气室油气悬架特性研究[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(5):276-280.YANG Bo,CHEN Sizhong,WANG Xun,et al.Research of twin-accumulator hydro-pneumatic suspension[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2009,45(5):276-280.
[18]王云超,高秀华,杨旭,等.油气悬挂系统参数对多桥转向特性的影响[J].吉林大学学报,2007,37(2):269-274.WANG Yunchao,GAO Xiuhua,YANG Xu,et al.Effect of hydro pneumatic suspension parameters on steering characteristics of multi axle steering vehicle[J].Journal of Jilin University,2007,37(2):269-274.