低成本钛合金研究现状与发展趋势
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摘要
钛合金较高的成本限制了其应用范围,低成本钛合金已成为当前钛合金研究的热点。概述了低成本钛合金国内外的研究现状,着重介绍了宝钛集团研发的低成本钛合金及钛合金的低成本化制备情况,新近研制的BTi31、Ti-3111、BTi-341、BTi-421111、BTi-61111S等低成本钛合金已在汽车、体育休闲等领域获得应用;在钛合金的低成本化制造方面,利用电子束冷床炉熔炼,大量添加返回料,熔炼的扁锭直接轧制板材,显著降低原料成本和加工成本。同时对低成本钛合金的发展方向进行展望,指出今后的研究重点是进一步优化熔炼和加工工艺,提升合金性能水平,提高成材率,拓展应用范围。
The high cost of titanium alloy restrict its field of application,therefore,the research of low cost titanium alloy has become a hot spot.In this paper,the research status quo on the low cost titanium alloy at home and abroad is reviewed,and the research and manufacturing technology of the low cost titanium alloy in Baoti Group is introduced emphatically.The recently developed low cost titanium alloy,such as BTi31,Ti-3111,BTi-341,BTi-421111,BTi-61111 Sand so forth,have already applied in automobile,sports and leisure fields.In the aspect of low cost manufacturing,using electron beam cold hearth melting(EBCHM)and adding heavy return scraps,the slab ingots were melted and then directly rolled plates to obviously reduce raw materials cost and processing cost.Meanwhile,the future development is proposed,and the research emphasis will focus on optimizing the melting and processing technique to promote the performance level and yield for extending the application range of titanium alloy.
The high cost of titanium alloy restrict its field of application,therefore,the research of low cost titanium alloy has become a hot spot.In this paper,the research status quo on the low cost titanium alloy at home and abroad is reviewed,and the research and manufacturing technology of the low cost titanium alloy in Baoti Group is introduced emphatically.The recently developed low cost titanium alloy,such as BTi31,Ti-3111,BTi-341,BTi-421111,BTi-61111 Sand so forth,have already applied in automobile,sports and leisure fields.In the aspect of low cost manufacturing,using electron beam cold hearth melting(EBCHM)and adding heavy return scraps,the slab ingots were melted and then directly rolled plates to obviously reduce raw materials cost and processing cost.Meanwhile,the future development is proposed,and the research emphasis will focus on optimizing the melting and processing technique to promote the performance level and yield for extending the application range of titanium alloy.
引文
1 Guo Ruiping,Sun Baosen,Gao Binbin.Low cost manufacturing technology of titanium alloy used in ordnance equipment[J].Ord Mater Sci Eng,2008,31(5):83(in Chinese).郭瑞萍,孙葆森,高彬彬.兵器装备用钛合金的低成本制造技术[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2008,31(5):83.
2 Gao Wa,Zhang Cunxin.Process of the low-cost titanium alloys and its military application[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2008,25(3):6(in Chinese).高娃,张存信.低成本钛合金制备技术及其军事应用[J].钛工业进展,2008,25(3):6.
3 Zhang Wenyu.Research progress of high-performance and low cost titanium alloy[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technol,2011(5):74 (in Chinese).张文毓.高性能低成本钛合金研究进展[J].航空制造技术,2011(5):74.
4 Zhu Zhishou,Shang Guoqiang,Wang Xinnan,et al.Research and development of low cost and high performance titanium alloys[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2012,29(6):1(in Chinese).朱知寿,商国强,王新南,等.低成本高性能钛合金研究进展[J].钛工业进展,2012,29(6):1.
5 Gazder A A,Vu V Q,Saleh A A.Recrystallisation in a cold drawn low cost beta titanium alloy during rapid resistance heating[J].J Alloys Compd,2014,585:245.
6 Zadra M,Girardini L.High-performance,low-cost titanium metal matrix composites[J].Mater Sci Eng A,2014,608:155.
7 Santos P F,Niinomi M,Cho K.Microstructures,mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of low cost beta Ti-Mn alloys for biomedical applications[J].Acta Biomater,2015,26:366.
8 Yasser A,Mohamed A H G,Ahmed A M,et al.Compatibility assessment of new V-free low-cost Ti-4.7Mo-4.5Fe alloy for some biomedical applications[J].Mater Des,2016,97:445.
9 Bolzoni L,Ruiz-Navas E M,Gordo E.Understanding the properties of low-cost iron-containing powder metallurgy titanium alloys[J].Mater Des,2016,110:317.
10 Sherman A M,Sommer C J,Froes F H.The use of titanium in production automobiles:Potential and challenges[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,1997,49(5):38.
11 Montgomery J,Wells M H,Roopchand B,et al.Low-cost titanium armors for combat vehicles[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,1997,49(5):45.
12 Froes F H,Friedrich H,Kiese J,et al.Titanium in the family automobile:The cost challenge[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,2004,56(2):40.
13 Kosaka Y,Faller K,Fox S.Newly developed titanium alloy sheets for the exhaust systems of motorcycles and automobiles[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,2004,56(11):32.
14 Kosaka Y,Fox S,Faller K,et al.Properties and processing of TIMETAL LCB[J].J Mater Eng Perform,2005,14(6):792.
15 Koike M,Ohkubo C,et al.Evaluation of cast Ti-Fe-O-N alloys for dental applications[J].Mater Sci Eng C,2005,25(3):349.
16 Chen Feng,Chen Zhanqian,Ding Changqin,et al.The new technology of Ti-3111ingot production by adding returned scraps[J].Rare Metal Mater Eng,2005,34(S3):188(in Chinese).陈峰,陈战乾,丁长勤,等.添加合金返回炉料生产Ti-3111钛合金铸锭新工艺[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2005,34(S3):188.
17 王韦琪,杨慧丽,张平辉,等.一种近α型中强钛合金:中国,CN101497951A[P].2009-08-05.
18 Chen Binggang,Li Weiqing,Dong Jie,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of BTi-341titanium alloy[J].China Titanium Ind,2012(4):36(in Chinese).陈秉刚,李渭清,董洁,等.热处理制度对BTi341钛合金组织与性能的影响[J].中国钛业,2012(4):36.
19 王小翔,陈峰,王永强,等.一种高塑中强钛合金:中国,CN101407873A[P].2009-04-15.
20 王韦琪,王小翔,乔璐,等.一种中强高塑钛合金:中国,CN101476059A[P].2009-07-08.
21 Li Fengli,Qiao Enli,Wang Liying,et al.A newly type of moderate strength and high-ductility titanium alloy[J].Light Ind Design,2011(6):21(in Chinese).李峰丽,乔恩利,王丽瑛,等.一种新型中强高塑钛合金[J].轻工设计,2011(6):21.
22 Tan Min,Wang Juanhua,Wang Hongwu.Ti-1.5Al-0.5Fe-0.2Si alloy sheet cold reduction research[J].China Titanium Ind,2015(3):43 (in Chinese).谭敏,王娟华,王红武.Ti-1.5Al-0.5Fe-0.2Si钛合金薄板冷轧变形量研究[J].中国钛业,2015(3):43.
23 Zhu Ye,Wang Xin.Effects of cold deformation and heat treatment on microstructure and properties of BTi-421111titanium alloy sheet[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2014,31(1):29(in Chinese).朱晔,王新.冷变形量及热处理对BTi-421111钛合金薄板组织和性能的影响[J].钛工业进展,2014,31(1):29.
24 Wang Guo,Hui Songxiao,Ye Wenjun,et al.Hot compressive behavior of Ti-3.0Al-3.7Cr-2.0Fe low cost titanium alloy[J].Chinese J Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(8):2223(in Chinese).王国,惠松骁,叶文君,等.Ti-3.0Al-3.7Cr-2.0Fe低成本钛合金的热压缩变形行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(8):2223.
25 Jia Weiju,Zeng Weidong,Duan Fengchuan,et al.Study on fatigue crack propagation behavior of low cost titanium alloy Ti8LC[J].Rare Metal Mater Eng,2009,38(12):2171(in Chinese).贾蔚菊,曾卫东,段风川,等.Ti8LC低成本钛合金疲劳裂纹扩展行为研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(12):2171.
26 Yin Yanfei,Li Silan,Hou Zhimin,et al.Influence of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti12LC low-cost titanium alloy[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2015,32(4):13(in Chinese).尹雁飞,李思兰,侯智敏,等.热处理对Ti12LC低成本钛合金组织和性能的影响[J].钛工业进展,2015,32(4):13.
27 Kalinyuk A N,Trigub N P,Zamkov V N,et al.Microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties of electron beam melted Ti6Al4V[J].Mater Sci Eng A,2003,346(1-2):178.
28 Wood J R,Fanning J C.Direct production of Ti-6Al-4Valloy plate from electron beam cold hearth melted slab ingot[C]//Lütjering G,Albrecht J.Ti-2003 Science and Technology,Proceedings of the10 th World Conference on Titanium,Volume I,WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH&Co.KGaA,Weinheim,2003:181.
29 Ma Rongbao,Chen Feng,Guo Bin.Development of EBCHR and discussion of its remelting process[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2008,25(5):37(in Chinese).马荣宝,陈峰,国斌.电子束冷床熔炼发展简况及熔炼工艺探讨[J].钛工业进展,2008,25(5):37.
30 Yu Lanlan,Mao Xiaonan,Zhang Yingming,et al.Development of electron-beam cold hearth single melt process for titanium alloy ingots[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2009,26(2):14(in Chinese).于兰兰,毛小南,张英明,等.电子束冷床炉单次熔炼钛合金铸锭研究进展[J].钛工业进展,2009,26(2):14.
31 Chen Feng,Chen Li,Guo Bin,et al.Advantages and disadvantages of electron beam cold hearth melting[J].Chinese J Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(S1):s873(in Chinese).陈峰,陈丽,国斌,等.电子束冷床熔炼的优与劣[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(S1):s873.
32 Feng Qiuyuan,Pang Hong,Qiao Lu,et al.Preparation of low-cost TC4titanium alloy sheet[J].Chinese J Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(S1):s353(in Chinese).冯秋元,庞洪,乔璐,等.低成本TC4钛合金板材的研制[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(S1):s353.
33 佟学文,惠松骁,乔璐,等.一种高动态承载性能、低成本钛合金的制备方法:中国,CN 104451213A[P].2015-03-25.
34 Li Bin,Feng Qiuyuan,Zhang Lei,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of low cost TC4titanium alloy sheets[J].China Titanium Ind,2014(4):29(in Chinese).李斌,冯秋元,张磊,等.热处理对低成本TC4合金板材组织和性能的影响[J].中国钛业,2014(4):29.
35 Feng Qiuyuan,Zhang Lei,Pang Hong,et al.Microstructure and properties of low cost TC4titanium alloy sheet[J].Heat Treatment Metals,2016,41(6):85(in Chinese).冯秋元,张磊,庞洪,等.低成本TC4钛合金板材的组织和性能[J].金属热处理,2016,41(6):85.
2 Gao Wa,Zhang Cunxin.Process of the low-cost titanium alloys and its military application[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2008,25(3):6(in Chinese).高娃,张存信.低成本钛合金制备技术及其军事应用[J].钛工业进展,2008,25(3):6.
3 Zhang Wenyu.Research progress of high-performance and low cost titanium alloy[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technol,2011(5):74 (in Chinese).张文毓.高性能低成本钛合金研究进展[J].航空制造技术,2011(5):74.
4 Zhu Zhishou,Shang Guoqiang,Wang Xinnan,et al.Research and development of low cost and high performance titanium alloys[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2012,29(6):1(in Chinese).朱知寿,商国强,王新南,等.低成本高性能钛合金研究进展[J].钛工业进展,2012,29(6):1.
5 Gazder A A,Vu V Q,Saleh A A.Recrystallisation in a cold drawn low cost beta titanium alloy during rapid resistance heating[J].J Alloys Compd,2014,585:245.
6 Zadra M,Girardini L.High-performance,low-cost titanium metal matrix composites[J].Mater Sci Eng A,2014,608:155.
7 Santos P F,Niinomi M,Cho K.Microstructures,mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of low cost beta Ti-Mn alloys for biomedical applications[J].Acta Biomater,2015,26:366.
8 Yasser A,Mohamed A H G,Ahmed A M,et al.Compatibility assessment of new V-free low-cost Ti-4.7Mo-4.5Fe alloy for some biomedical applications[J].Mater Des,2016,97:445.
9 Bolzoni L,Ruiz-Navas E M,Gordo E.Understanding the properties of low-cost iron-containing powder metallurgy titanium alloys[J].Mater Des,2016,110:317.
10 Sherman A M,Sommer C J,Froes F H.The use of titanium in production automobiles:Potential and challenges[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,1997,49(5):38.
11 Montgomery J,Wells M H,Roopchand B,et al.Low-cost titanium armors for combat vehicles[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,1997,49(5):45.
12 Froes F H,Friedrich H,Kiese J,et al.Titanium in the family automobile:The cost challenge[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,2004,56(2):40.
13 Kosaka Y,Faller K,Fox S.Newly developed titanium alloy sheets for the exhaust systems of motorcycles and automobiles[J].J Minerals Metals Mater Soc,2004,56(11):32.
14 Kosaka Y,Fox S,Faller K,et al.Properties and processing of TIMETAL LCB[J].J Mater Eng Perform,2005,14(6):792.
15 Koike M,Ohkubo C,et al.Evaluation of cast Ti-Fe-O-N alloys for dental applications[J].Mater Sci Eng C,2005,25(3):349.
16 Chen Feng,Chen Zhanqian,Ding Changqin,et al.The new technology of Ti-3111ingot production by adding returned scraps[J].Rare Metal Mater Eng,2005,34(S3):188(in Chinese).陈峰,陈战乾,丁长勤,等.添加合金返回炉料生产Ti-3111钛合金铸锭新工艺[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2005,34(S3):188.
17 王韦琪,杨慧丽,张平辉,等.一种近α型中强钛合金:中国,CN101497951A[P].2009-08-05.
18 Chen Binggang,Li Weiqing,Dong Jie,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of BTi-341titanium alloy[J].China Titanium Ind,2012(4):36(in Chinese).陈秉刚,李渭清,董洁,等.热处理制度对BTi341钛合金组织与性能的影响[J].中国钛业,2012(4):36.
19 王小翔,陈峰,王永强,等.一种高塑中强钛合金:中国,CN101407873A[P].2009-04-15.
20 王韦琪,王小翔,乔璐,等.一种中强高塑钛合金:中国,CN101476059A[P].2009-07-08.
21 Li Fengli,Qiao Enli,Wang Liying,et al.A newly type of moderate strength and high-ductility titanium alloy[J].Light Ind Design,2011(6):21(in Chinese).李峰丽,乔恩利,王丽瑛,等.一种新型中强高塑钛合金[J].轻工设计,2011(6):21.
22 Tan Min,Wang Juanhua,Wang Hongwu.Ti-1.5Al-0.5Fe-0.2Si alloy sheet cold reduction research[J].China Titanium Ind,2015(3):43 (in Chinese).谭敏,王娟华,王红武.Ti-1.5Al-0.5Fe-0.2Si钛合金薄板冷轧变形量研究[J].中国钛业,2015(3):43.
23 Zhu Ye,Wang Xin.Effects of cold deformation and heat treatment on microstructure and properties of BTi-421111titanium alloy sheet[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2014,31(1):29(in Chinese).朱晔,王新.冷变形量及热处理对BTi-421111钛合金薄板组织和性能的影响[J].钛工业进展,2014,31(1):29.
24 Wang Guo,Hui Songxiao,Ye Wenjun,et al.Hot compressive behavior of Ti-3.0Al-3.7Cr-2.0Fe low cost titanium alloy[J].Chinese J Nonferrous Metals,2012,22(8):2223(in Chinese).王国,惠松骁,叶文君,等.Ti-3.0Al-3.7Cr-2.0Fe低成本钛合金的热压缩变形行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2012,22(8):2223.
25 Jia Weiju,Zeng Weidong,Duan Fengchuan,et al.Study on fatigue crack propagation behavior of low cost titanium alloy Ti8LC[J].Rare Metal Mater Eng,2009,38(12):2171(in Chinese).贾蔚菊,曾卫东,段风川,等.Ti8LC低成本钛合金疲劳裂纹扩展行为研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(12):2171.
26 Yin Yanfei,Li Silan,Hou Zhimin,et al.Influence of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti12LC low-cost titanium alloy[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2015,32(4):13(in Chinese).尹雁飞,李思兰,侯智敏,等.热处理对Ti12LC低成本钛合金组织和性能的影响[J].钛工业进展,2015,32(4):13.
27 Kalinyuk A N,Trigub N P,Zamkov V N,et al.Microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties of electron beam melted Ti6Al4V[J].Mater Sci Eng A,2003,346(1-2):178.
28 Wood J R,Fanning J C.Direct production of Ti-6Al-4Valloy plate from electron beam cold hearth melted slab ingot[C]//Lütjering G,Albrecht J.Ti-2003 Science and Technology,Proceedings of the10 th World Conference on Titanium,Volume I,WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH&Co.KGaA,Weinheim,2003:181.
29 Ma Rongbao,Chen Feng,Guo Bin.Development of EBCHR and discussion of its remelting process[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2008,25(5):37(in Chinese).马荣宝,陈峰,国斌.电子束冷床熔炼发展简况及熔炼工艺探讨[J].钛工业进展,2008,25(5):37.
30 Yu Lanlan,Mao Xiaonan,Zhang Yingming,et al.Development of electron-beam cold hearth single melt process for titanium alloy ingots[J].Titanium Ind Prog,2009,26(2):14(in Chinese).于兰兰,毛小南,张英明,等.电子束冷床炉单次熔炼钛合金铸锭研究进展[J].钛工业进展,2009,26(2):14.
31 Chen Feng,Chen Li,Guo Bin,et al.Advantages and disadvantages of electron beam cold hearth melting[J].Chinese J Nonferrous Metals,2010,20(S1):s873(in Chinese).陈峰,陈丽,国斌,等.电子束冷床熔炼的优与劣[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(S1):s873.
32 Feng Qiuyuan,Pang Hong,Qiao Lu,et al.Preparation of low-cost TC4titanium alloy sheet[J].Chinese J Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(S1):s353(in Chinese).冯秋元,庞洪,乔璐,等.低成本TC4钛合金板材的研制[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(S1):s353.
33 佟学文,惠松骁,乔璐,等.一种高动态承载性能、低成本钛合金的制备方法:中国,CN 104451213A[P].2015-03-25.
34 Li Bin,Feng Qiuyuan,Zhang Lei,et al.Effects of heat treatment on microstructures and properties of low cost TC4titanium alloy sheets[J].China Titanium Ind,2014(4):29(in Chinese).李斌,冯秋元,张磊,等.热处理对低成本TC4合金板材组织和性能的影响[J].中国钛业,2014(4):29.
35 Feng Qiuyuan,Zhang Lei,Pang Hong,et al.Microstructure and properties of low cost TC4titanium alloy sheet[J].Heat Treatment Metals,2016,41(6):85(in Chinese).冯秋元,张磊,庞洪,等.低成本TC4钛合金板材的组织和性能[J].金属热处理,2016,41(6):85.