内蒙古嘎仙钴镍硫化物矿床的地质特征及成因探讨
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摘要
大兴安岭北段的嘎仙矿床为一大型低品位钴镍硫化物矿床。矿床主要以浸染状、细脉—网脉状产于蚀变的超基性岩石中。赋矿岩石为一套科马提岩质的堆晶岩和火山熔岩,并与科马提质凝灰岩、玄武岩、玄武质凝灰岩、沉凝灰岩、碳酸盐岩构成岩套。嘎仙矿床的成因类型为热液型硫化镍矿床。矿床的形成与燕山期构造和岩浆活动密切相关,成矿发生在构造活动由挤压剪切向松弛伸展的转变阶段,矿区发育的碱长花岗岩与花岗斑岩、石英粗面斑岩等可能为同一岩浆演化的产物,均具有富水、含S特征,矿化与高演化的富碱斑岩有直接关系。
The Gaxian deposit located in the northern section of Daxinganling mountain,is a largesized low grade cobalt-nickel sulfide deposit. The mineralization mainly occurs in the altered ultramafic rock in forms of disseminated,veinlet and stockwork types.Ore-bearing rocks are komatiitic cumulate and volcanic lava which constitute a rock suite with komatiitic tuff,basalt,basaltic tuff,tuff,and carbonate rock. The genetic type of the Gaxian deposit may be classified into a hydrothermal type nickel sulfide deposit. The metallogenesis is closely related to Yanshanian tectonic and magmatic activities. Mineralization occurs in the transitional tectonic stage from compression shear deformation to extensional deformation. The widely distributed alkali- feldspar granite may be derived from a same magma as granite porphyryand quartz trachyte porphyry,all of them have same characterisrtics with water-rich and sulfur-rich.Mineralization is directly associated with high degree evoluted alkali-rich porphyry.
The Gaxian deposit located in the northern section of Daxinganling mountain,is a largesized low grade cobalt-nickel sulfide deposit. The mineralization mainly occurs in the altered ultramafic rock in forms of disseminated,veinlet and stockwork types.Ore-bearing rocks are komatiitic cumulate and volcanic lava which constitute a rock suite with komatiitic tuff,basalt,basaltic tuff,tuff,and carbonate rock. The genetic type of the Gaxian deposit may be classified into a hydrothermal type nickel sulfide deposit. The metallogenesis is closely related to Yanshanian tectonic and magmatic activities. Mineralization occurs in the transitional tectonic stage from compression shear deformation to extensional deformation. The widely distributed alkali- feldspar granite may be derived from a same magma as granite porphyryand quartz trachyte porphyry,all of them have same characterisrtics with water-rich and sulfur-rich.Mineralization is directly associated with high degree evoluted alkali-rich porphyry.
引文
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[13]夏宏远,梁书艺,谢为鑫.从某些矿区探讨华南钨铍锡锂铌钽矿床的成因系列[J].矿物岩石,1983,(1):41-50.
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[17]邓燕华,Keays.西澳坎巴尔达科马提岩及其镍硫化物矿床成岩成矿新模式[J].大地构造与成矿学,1987,11(4):335-348.
[18]王瑞廷,毛景文,任小华,等.煎茶岭硫化镍矿床矿石组分特征及其赋存状态[J].地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(1):34-38.
[19]吕林素,刘珺,张作衡,等.中国岩浆型Ni-Cu-(PGE)硫化物矿床的时空分布及其地球动力学背景[J].岩石学报,2007,23(10):2561-2594.
[20]王亚磊,张照伟,张铭杰,等.新疆坡北镁铁—超镁铁质岩体地球动力学背景探讨[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2013,32(5):693-707.
[21]杜玮,凌锦兰,周伟,等.东昆仑夏日哈木镍矿床地质特征与成因[J].矿床地质,2014,33(4):713-726.
1北京矿产地质研究院.内蒙古自治区鄂伦春自治旗嘎仙地区镍钴铅锌矿普查报告,2009.
1北京矿产地质研究院.内蒙古自治区鄂伦春自治旗嘎仙地区镍钴铅锌矿普查报告,2009.
[2]汤中立,钱壮志,姜常义,等.中国镍铜铂岩浆硫化物矿床与成矿预测[M].北京:地质出版社,2006.
[3]伊献瑞,朱生英.新疆铜花山钴多金属矿床地质特征及成因类型探讨[J].西北地质,1983,(6):18-27.
[4]王瑞廷.煎茶岭与金川镍矿床成矿作用比较研究[D].西安:西北大学,2002.
[5]糜梅,陈衍景,孙亚莉,等.河南周庵铂族—铜镍矿床的稀土和铂族元素地球化学特征:热液成矿的证据[J].岩石学报,2009,25(11):2769-2775.
[6]内蒙古自治区地质矿产局.内蒙古自治区岩石地层[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1996.
[7]胡道功,郑庆道,傅俊域,等.大兴安岭吉峰科马提岩地质地球化学特征[J].地质力学学报,2001,7(2):111-115.
[8]李仰春,赵海滨,杨晓平,等.大兴安岭吉峰地区中元古代科马提岩及成因类型[J].地质与资源,2002,11(2):76-82.
[9]胡道功,李洪文,刘旭光,等.大兴安岭吉峰科马提岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄测定[J].地球学报,2003,24(5):405-408.
[10]胡道功,谭成轩,张海.内蒙古阿里河地区中元古代蛇绿岩[J].中国区域地质,1995,(4):334-338,343.
[11]张智宇,侯增谦,彭花明,等.江西大湖塘超大型钨矿初始岩浆流体出溶——来自似伟晶岩壳的记录[J].地质通报,2015,34(2-3):487-500.
[12]祝新友,王莉娟,陈细音,等.湖南柿竹园矽卡岩型钨多金属矿成矿流体演化[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2015,45(增刊):1-2.
[13]夏宏远,梁书艺,谢为鑫.从某些矿区探讨华南钨铍锡锂铌钽矿床的成因系列[J].矿物岩石,1983,(1):41-50.
[14]Hoatson D M,Jaireth S,and Jaques A L.Nickel sulfide deposit in Australia:Characteristics,resources,and potential[J].Ore Geology Review,2006,29(3-4):177-241.
[15]王玉往.新疆北部与后碰撞镁铁—超镁铁质杂岩有关的成矿作用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2009.
[16]李文渊.祁连山岩浆作用有关金属硫化物矿床成矿与找矿[M].北京:地质出版社,2006.
[17]邓燕华,Keays.西澳坎巴尔达科马提岩及其镍硫化物矿床成岩成矿新模式[J].大地构造与成矿学,1987,11(4):335-348.
[18]王瑞廷,毛景文,任小华,等.煎茶岭硫化镍矿床矿石组分特征及其赋存状态[J].地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(1):34-38.
[19]吕林素,刘珺,张作衡,等.中国岩浆型Ni-Cu-(PGE)硫化物矿床的时空分布及其地球动力学背景[J].岩石学报,2007,23(10):2561-2594.
[20]王亚磊,张照伟,张铭杰,等.新疆坡北镁铁—超镁铁质岩体地球动力学背景探讨[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2013,32(5):693-707.
[21]杜玮,凌锦兰,周伟,等.东昆仑夏日哈木镍矿床地质特征与成因[J].矿床地质,2014,33(4):713-726.
1北京矿产地质研究院.内蒙古自治区鄂伦春自治旗嘎仙地区镍钴铅锌矿普查报告,2009.
1北京矿产地质研究院.内蒙古自治区鄂伦春自治旗嘎仙地区镍钴铅锌矿普查报告,2009.