断层水害防治技术应用研究
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摘要
位于承压含水层上巷道掘进过导水断层时,在承压含水层水压和围岩应力变化的因素下,会导致承压含水层裂隙发育,断层破碎带形成导水通道,承压含水层与断层破碎带发生水力联系形成突水通道,对巷道安全掘进带来威胁,极易发生突水事故。针对上述问题,通过分析井田水文地质条件、超前探查掌握断层及其防范承压含水层的水文资料,综合分析断层的导水性及承压含水层的区域富水性,按照公式进行突水危险性水害预测理论计算。根据综合分析和理论计算结果,采取对断层破碎带预注浆加固、断层两盘含水层治理改造、承压含水层疏水降压和加强巷道支护的综合防治措施,消除了承压水害和断层水害,保障了巷道安全过断层。
When roadways on confined aquifers pass through water-conducting faults,under the factors of water pressure of confined aquifers and stress changes of surrounding rocks,fissures in confined aquifers became developed,water-inrush passage was formed by hydraulic connection between confined aquifer and fault fracture zone,which threatens the safety of roadway excavation,and is extremely prone to water-inrush accidents.Through the analysis of the hydrogeological conditions in the mine field and the hydrological data of faults and confined aquifers in advance,the conductivity of faults and the regional water-rich of confined aquifers were comprehensively analyzed.The theoretical calculation of water inrush hazard prediction was carried out according to the formula.Based on the comprehensive analysis and theoretical calculation results,comprehensive prevention and control measures including pre-grouting reinforcement of fault fractured zone,treatment and transformation of aquifer on two sides of fault,drainage and pressure reduction of confined aquifer and roadway supporting strengthening were adopted.All this have eliminated confined water hazard and fault water hazard,and ensured roadway passing through fault safely.
When roadways on confined aquifers pass through water-conducting faults,under the factors of water pressure of confined aquifers and stress changes of surrounding rocks,fissures in confined aquifers became developed,water-inrush passage was formed by hydraulic connection between confined aquifer and fault fracture zone,which threatens the safety of roadway excavation,and is extremely prone to water-inrush accidents.Through the analysis of the hydrogeological conditions in the mine field and the hydrological data of faults and confined aquifers in advance,the conductivity of faults and the regional water-rich of confined aquifers were comprehensively analyzed.The theoretical calculation of water inrush hazard prediction was carried out according to the formula.Based on the comprehensive analysis and theoretical calculation results,comprehensive prevention and control measures including pre-grouting reinforcement of fault fractured zone,treatment and transformation of aquifer on two sides of fault,drainage and pressure reduction of confined aquifer and roadway supporting strengthening were adopted.All this have eliminated confined water hazard and fault water hazard,and ensured roadway passing through fault safely.
引文
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[16]李海燕,胥洪彬,李召峰,等.深部巷道断层涌水治理研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(3):635-641,648.Li Haiyan,Xu Hongbin,Li Zhaofeng,et al.Research on fault water gushing control in deep roadway[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2018,35(3):635-641,648.
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[18]叶金胜,经来旺,王青成,等.破碎围岩巷道联合支护技术与监测分析[J].煤炭技术,2017,36(6):108-110.Ye Jinsheng,Jing Laiwang,Wang Qingcheng,et al.Combined support technology and monitoring analysis of broken surrounding rock roadway[J].Coal Technology,2017,36(6):108-110.
[19]徐进,姚直书,李振宇,等.喷射钢纤维混凝土衬砌结构模型试验[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(6):56-59.Xu Jin,Yao Zhishu,Li Zhenyu,et al.Model test of shotcrete lining structure[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(6):56-59.
[20]郑士田.两淮煤田煤层底板灰岩水害区域超前探查治理技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(4):142-146,153.Zheng Shitian.Advanced exploration and control technology for limestone water hazard area of coal seam floor in Huainan and Huaibei coalfield[J].Coalfield Geology and Exploration,2018,46(4):142-146,153.
[2]武强,赵苏启,董书宁,等.煤矿防治水手册[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2013.
[3]李建林,张洪云,王心义,等.脆弱性指标法在煤层底板突水预测中的应用与建议[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(4):725-730.Li Jianlin,Zhang Hongyun,Wang Xinyi,et al.Application and suggestions of vulnerability index method in prediction of water inrush from coal seam floor[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(4):725-730.
[4]车晓阳,侯恩科,谢晓深,等.煤层开采导水裂隙带发育高度分析[J].中国科技论文,2016,11(3):270-273.Che Xiaoyang,Hou Enke,Xie Xiaoshen,et al.Analysis of development height of water-conducting fracture zone in coal seam mining[J].Chinese Science and Technology Paper,2016,11(3):270-273.
[5]李白英.预防矿井底板突水的“下三带”理论及其发展与应用[J].山东矿业学院学报(自然科学版),1999,18(4):11-18.Li Baiying.The theory and development and application of"lower three zones"to prevent water inrush from mine floor[J].Journal of Shandong Institute of Mining and Technology(Natural Science Edition),1999,18(4):11-18.
[6]王永红,沈文.中国煤矿水害预防及治理[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1996.
[7]葛量涛,叶贵军,高洪烈.中国煤田水文地质学[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2001.
[8]武强,董书宁,张志龙.矿井水害防治[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2007.
[9]安许良.大水垂比地面定向水平孔煤层底板注浆防治水技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(11):126-132.An Xuliang.Grouting technology for prevention and control of water in floor of directional horizontal hole coal seam with large water vertical ratio[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(11):126-132.
[10]田增林,黄选明,曹海东,等.基于Aquifer Test的底板放水试验参数计算与评价研究[J].煤炭工程,2018,50(9):96-100.Tian Zenglin,Huang Xuanming,Cao Haidong,et al.Study on calculation and evaluation of floor drainage test parameters based on Aquifer Test[J].Coal Engineering,2018,50(9):96-100.
[11]韩贵雷.“鱼刺型”钻孔改性黏土帷幕注浆工艺试验研究[J].金属矿山,2018(9):69-73.Han Guilei.Experimental study on grouting technology of modified clay curtain by"fish-bone"drilling hole[J].Metal Mine,2018(9):69-73.
[12]徐星,王宜泰,曾珠,等.煤层底板突水影响因素的主成分分析[J].煤炭技术,2018,37(9):169-171.Xu Xing,Wang Yitai,Zeng Zhu,et al.Principal component analysis of influencing factors of water inrush from coal seam floor[J].Coal Technology,2018,37(9):169-171.
[13]张胜军,丁亚恒,姜春露.深部矿井大型边界断层导水性试验研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2017,37(10):11-14.Zhang Shengjun,Ding Yaheng,Jiang Chunlu.Experimental study on water conductivity of large boundary faults in deep mines[J].Mining Research and Development,2017,37(10):11-14.
[14]李保倩,谢洪波,文广超.宁庄井寒灰水疏降流场模拟预测[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(8):114-116.Li Baoqian,Xie Hongbo,Wen Guangchao.Simulation and forecast of drainage seepage flow field of Cambrian limestone aquifer in Ningzhuang Mine[J].Coal Technology,2016,35(8):114-116.
[15]刘广超.大断裂构造井上下联合注浆加固技术[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(10):163-167.Liu Guangchao.Joint grouting reinforcement technology for large fault structural wells[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2018,49(10):163-167.
[16]李海燕,胥洪彬,李召峰,等.深部巷道断层涌水治理研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2018,35(3):635-641,648.Li Haiyan,Xu Hongbin,Li Zhaofeng,et al.Research on fault water gushing control in deep roadway[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2018,35(3):635-641,648.
[17]胥翔,吴基文,翟晓荣,等.临涣矿区太原组灰岩富水性评价[J].煤炭技术,2016,35(9):93-95.Xu Xiang,Wu Jiwen,Zhai Xiaorong,et al.Water-rich evaluation of Taiyuan Formation limestone in Linhuan mining area[J].Coal Technology,2016,35(9):93-95.
[18]叶金胜,经来旺,王青成,等.破碎围岩巷道联合支护技术与监测分析[J].煤炭技术,2017,36(6):108-110.Ye Jinsheng,Jing Laiwang,Wang Qingcheng,et al.Combined support technology and monitoring analysis of broken surrounding rock roadway[J].Coal Technology,2017,36(6):108-110.
[19]徐进,姚直书,李振宇,等.喷射钢纤维混凝土衬砌结构模型试验[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(6):56-59.Xu Jin,Yao Zhishu,Li Zhenyu,et al.Model test of shotcrete lining structure[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(6):56-59.
[20]郑士田.两淮煤田煤层底板灰岩水害区域超前探查治理技术[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(4):142-146,153.Zheng Shitian.Advanced exploration and control technology for limestone water hazard area of coal seam floor in Huainan and Huaibei coalfield[J].Coalfield Geology and Exploration,2018,46(4):142-146,153.