酪酸菌对集装箱养殖的宝石鲈生长性能及肠道菌群的影响
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摘要
实验旨在研究添加酪酸菌(Clostridium butyricum)对宝石鲈(Scortum barcoo)生长发育及肠道菌群的影响。实验选用规格一致,初始体质量为(24.02±2.04)g的宝石鲈,随机分成4个组,每组1 200尾,分别饲喂添加0(Control组)和0.1%(Diet 1组)、0.5%(Diet 2组)、1.0%(Diet 3组)酪酸菌的日粮,饲养周期为60 d。实验结果表明:(1)与Control组对比,Diet 2组宝石鲈的终体质量、相对增长率显著提高(P<0.05)。(2)随着养殖时间的增加,宝石鲈肠道菌群的物种组成更加多样化。(3)Diet组中以鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)、芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、大洋芽孢杆菌属(Oceanobacillus)为主的益生菌群的比例提高,以邻单胞菌属(Plesiomonas)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)为主的致病菌的含量降低。
The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Clostridium butyricum on the growthperformance and intestinal microbiota of Scortum barcoo. The same specification of Scortum barcoowith initial weight of(24.02±2.04) g were selected for test. The test included four groups with 1 200 fishes were employed in one group. A basal diet was supplemented with Clostridium butyricum at0.0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% feed, these four kinds of feed were named Control,Diet 1, Diet 2 and Di-et 3, respectively. And the test period was 60 days. The results showed that:(1) the final weight andthe relative growth rate of Diet 2 group was significantly higher than that of Control group(P<0.05).(2)With the increase of culture time, the species composition of intestinal microbiota of Scortum barcoobecame more diversified.(3) In the Diet group, the proportion of probiotics mainly consisting of Ceto-bacterium, Bacillus, and Oceanobacillus increased, and the content of pathogenic bacteria mainly com-posed of Plesiomonas, Bacteroides and Paenibacillus decreased.
The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of Clostridium butyricum on the growthperformance and intestinal microbiota of Scortum barcoo. The same specification of Scortum barcoowith initial weight of(24.02±2.04) g were selected for test. The test included four groups with 1 200 fishes were employed in one group. A basal diet was supplemented with Clostridium butyricum at0.0%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% feed, these four kinds of feed were named Control,Diet 1, Diet 2 and Di-et 3, respectively. And the test period was 60 days. The results showed that:(1) the final weight andthe relative growth rate of Diet 2 group was significantly higher than that of Control group(P<0.05).(2)With the increase of culture time, the species composition of intestinal microbiota of Scortum barcoobecame more diversified.(3) In the Diet group, the proportion of probiotics mainly consisting of Ceto-bacterium, Bacillus, and Oceanobacillus increased, and the content of pathogenic bacteria mainly com-posed of Plesiomonas, Bacteroides and Paenibacillus decreased.
引文
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[2] Grigorakis K, Rigos G. Aquaculture effects on environmental and public welfare—the case of Mediterranean mariculture[J]. Chemosphere, 2011, 85(6):899-919.
[3]张振东,罗国武,许靖,等.基于SWOT分析的集装箱循环水养殖模式探讨与展望[J].科学养鱼, 2018(3):1-3.
[4]肖伟,张锋,赛清云,等.宁夏地区集装箱循环水高产高效养殖试验初报[J].科学养鱼,2018(1):22-23.
[5]钟国防,朱伟星,焦建刚,等.益生菌在水产健康养殖中的应用[J].饲料工业, 2013, 34(8):56-58.
[6]丁丽,周维仁,章世元,等.益生菌在水产上的应用及其对鱼类肠道菌群的影响[J].饲料工业, 2009, 30(20):27-30.
[7]叶成远,张惠云.微生态制剂在水产养殖中的应用[J].饲料工业, 2000, 21(3):25-27.
[8]刘娜娜,刘长军,李红军,等.益生菌在水产动物饲料中的应用及作用机制研究进展[J].饲料工业, 2014, 35(14):53-56.
[9]沈全华,姚陈.澳洲宝石鲈池塘大规格鱼种培育试验[J].科学养鱼, 2016(1):10-11.
[10] Fadrosh D W, Ma B, Gajer P, et al. An improved dual-indexing approach for multiplexed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform[J]. Microbiome, 2014, 2(1):6.
[11] Magoc T, Salzberg S L. FLASH:fast length adjustment of short reads to improve genome assemblies[J]. Bioinformatics, 2011, 27(21):2957-2963.
[12] Edgar R C. UPARSE:highly accurate OTU sequences from microbial amplicon reads[J]. Nature Methods, 2013, 10(10):996.
[13] Edgar R C, Haas B J, Clemente J C, et al. UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection[J]. Bioinformatics,2011, 27(16):2194.
[14] Schloss P D, Westcott S L, Ryabin T, et al. Introducing mothur:Open-Source, Platform-Independent, Community-Supported Software for Describing and Comparing Microbial Communities[J].Applied&Environmental Microbiology, 2009, 75(23):7537.
[15] Gregory C, Justin K, Jesse S. QIIME allows analysis of highthroughput community sequencing data[J]. Nature Methods,2010, 7(5):335-336.
[16]王腾浩.新型丁酸梭菌筛选及其对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道功能影响的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2015.
[17]王爱民.外源酶对内源酶活性、肠道组织及生产性能的影响研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2003.
[18]刘迎春.饲用复合酶对产蛋鸡低蛋白饲粮氨基酸可利用率的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,1996.
[19]张振男,郁二蒙,谢骏,等.不同脆化阶段草鱼肠道菌群动态变化、血清酶指标及生长性能[J].农业生物技术学报, 2015, 23(2):151-160.
[20]樊爱丽,何玉慧,杨明,等.酪酸菌制剂对大肠杆菌感染鸡群疗效观察[J].中兽医医药杂志, 2015, 12(5):36-38.
[21] Tsuchiya C, Sakata T, Sugita H. Novel ecological niche of Cetobacterium somerae, an anaerobic bacterium in the intestinal tracts of freshwater fish[J]. Letters in Applied Microbiology,2010, 46(1):43-48.
[22]骆祝华,黄翔玲,叶德赞,等.海洋细菌抑菌活性菌株的筛选[J].台湾海峡, 2002, 21(2):181-185.
[23]易中华.饲用微生态制剂丁酸梭菌的研究与应用进展[J].饲料研究, 2012(2):14-17.
[24]赖凯昭.饲料中添加复合益生菌对罗非鱼生长性能、肠道蛋白酶活性和饲料消化率的影响[D].南宁:广西大学, 2012.