离子型稀土矿硫酸镁柱浸过程中水、稀土和硫酸镁的平衡研究
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摘要
采用柱浸方法研究无氨浸矿剂硫酸镁浸出离子型稀土矿,考察了浸矿过程中H2O、REO、Mg2+、SO2-4走向。结果表明,每千克稀土原矿吸水量约为344mL,稀土元素浸出率在99%以上,全过程损失率仅为0.045%,有0.24%的镁离子残留于矿体中,浸出液中镁离子总量增加4.7%,平衡率为98.76%,硫酸根总体升高0.52%。硫酸镁作为浸取剂,杂质Fe、Si的浸出率分别由硫酸铵浸矿时的0.435%、0.703%降低到0.03%、0.13%,杂质Al的浸出率基本保持不变。
Ionic type rare-earth ore was column leached with ammonia magnesium sulfate leaching.Equilibrium of H2 O,REO,Mg2+,and SO2-4 during leaching was investigated.The results show that water absorbing capacity of rare earth ore is about 344 mL/kg.Leaching rate of rare earth elements is 99%above with loss rate of only 0.045% during the whole process.0.24% magnesium ions residue exists in orebody,amount of magnesium ions in leaching solution rises 4.7% with balance rate of 98.76%.SO2-4 rises by 0.52%.Leaching rates of impurities Fe and Si drop from 0.435% and 0.703% with ammonium sulfate as leaching agent to 0.03% and 0.13% respectively with magnesium sulfate as leaching agent,while leaching rate of impurities Al remains unchanged.
Ionic type rare-earth ore was column leached with ammonia magnesium sulfate leaching.Equilibrium of H2 O,REO,Mg2+,and SO2-4 during leaching was investigated.The results show that water absorbing capacity of rare earth ore is about 344 mL/kg.Leaching rate of rare earth elements is 99%above with loss rate of only 0.045% during the whole process.0.24% magnesium ions residue exists in orebody,amount of magnesium ions in leaching solution rises 4.7% with balance rate of 98.76%.SO2-4 rises by 0.52%.Leaching rates of impurities Fe and Si drop from 0.435% and 0.703% with ammonium sulfate as leaching agent to 0.03% and 0.13% respectively with magnesium sulfate as leaching agent,while leaching rate of impurities Al remains unchanged.
引文
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[3]张金山,郝文刚,屈奇奇.我国稀土选矿联合工艺的发展现状[J].中国矿业,2018,27(1):127-131.
[4]吴迪,钱贵霞.中国稀土产业经济研究现状与发展趋势分析[J].稀土,2014,35(5):104-112.
[5]肖燕飞,黄小卫,冯宗玉,等.离子吸附型稀土矿绿色提取技术研究进展[J].稀土,2015,36(3):109-115.
[6]冯宗玉,黄小卫,王猛,等.典型稀土资源提取分离过程的绿色化学进展及趋势[J].稀有金属,2017,41(5):604-612.
[7]SHEN L,WU N,ZHONG S,et al.Overview on China’s rare earth industry restructuring and regulation reforms[J].Journal of Resources and Ecology,2017,8(3):213-222.
[8]李永绣,周新木,刘艳珠,等.离子吸附型稀土高效提取和分离技术进展[J].中国稀土学报,2012,30(3):257-264.
[9]XIAO Y F,CHEN Y Y,FENG Z Y,et al.Leaching characteristics of ion-adsorption type rare earths ore with magnesium sulfate[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2015,25(11):3784-3790.
[10]HUANG X W,LONG Z Q,WANG L S,et al.Technology development for rare earth cleaner hydrometallurgy in China[J].Rare Metals,2015,34(4):215-222.
[11]罗仙平,翁存建,徐晶,等.离子型稀土矿开发技术研究进展及发展方向[J].金属矿山,2014(6):83-90.
[12]马国霞,王晓君,於方,等.我国稀土资源开发利用的环境成本及空间差异特征[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(6):817-824.
[13]祝怡斌,周连碧,李青.离子型稀土原地浸矿水污染控制措施[J].有色金属(选矿部分),2011(6):46-49.
[14]黄万抚,邹志强,胡雪飞,等.化学活性生物法处理稀土氨氮废水中试研究[J].金属矿山,2017(11):162-166.
[15]WANG J,ZHU D,FANG X,et al. Enhanced characteristics and mechanism of static magnetic field onion-absorbedrareearthprecipitation[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2017,158:13-17.
[16]TIAN J,TANG X K,YIN J Q,et al.Process optimization on leaching of a lean weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ores[J].International Journal of Mineral Processing,2013,119:83-88.
[17]TIAN J,YIN J Q,TANG X K,et al.Enhanced leaching process of a low-grade weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore with carboxymethyl sesbania gum[J]. Hydrometallurgy,2013,139:124-131.
[18]TIAN J,YIN J Q,CHEN K H,et al.Optimisation of mass transfer in column elution of rare earths from low grade weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,103(1/2/3/4):211-214.
[19]吴开兴,张恋,朱平,等.离子型稀土矿石颗粒粒度分布及变化规律研究[J].稀土,2016,37(3):67-74.
[20]XIAO Y,LAI F,HUANG L,et al.Reduction leaching of rare earth from ion-adsorption type rare earths ore:II.Compound leaching[J].Hydrometallurgy,2017,173:1-8.
[21]MOLDOVEANU G A,PAPANGELAKIS V G.Recovery of rare earth elements adsorbed on clay minerals:I. Desorptionmechanism[J].Hydrometallurgy,2012,117-118:71-78.
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[23]王瑞祥,谢博毅,余攀,等.离子型稀土矿浸取剂遴选及柱浸工艺优化研究[J].稀有金属,2015,39(11):1060-1064.
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