电化学阳极氧化构建Pb/3D-PbO_2结构
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摘要
引入多孔基底是提高铅基复合阳极铅基底与氧化涂层结合稳定性的有效方法。采用恒电位阳极氧化技术在金属铅表面构建多孔PbO_2结构,研究了氯化铵、氟化铵、醋酸铵、草酸铵4种侵蚀剂对PbO_2多孔结构形貌的影响,并优选出氟化铵为侵蚀剂;进一步研究氧化电压、温度、水添加量、氟化铵添加量、氧化时间对PbO_2多孔结构形貌的影响,在下述较优工艺条件下,可以在铅表面构建孔洞较均一的多孔PbO_2结构:氧化电压15V、温度25℃、水添加量1.25%、氟化铵添加量每100mL乙二醇0.3g、氧化时间6h。
Introduction of porous substrate is an effective method to improve bond stability between Pb substrate and oxide coating of lead-based composite anodes.Porous PbO_2 structure was constructed on surface of Pb by potentiostatic anodization technique.Effects of etchants(ammonium chloride,ammonium fluoride,ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate)on morphology of PbO_2 structure were studied to select ammonium fluoride as etchant due to uniform holes in PbO_2 structure.Furthermore,effects of anodization voltage,temperature,water concentration,ammonium fluoride concentration,and anodization time on morphology of PbO_2 structure were investigated.Pb/3D-PbO_2 structure with relatively uniform holes can be constructed on Pb surface under the optimum conditions including anodization voltage of 15 V,temperature of 25℃,water concentration of 1.25%,ammonium fluoride concentration of 0.3 g for 100 mL ethylene glycol,and anodization time of 6 h.
Introduction of porous substrate is an effective method to improve bond stability between Pb substrate and oxide coating of lead-based composite anodes.Porous PbO_2 structure was constructed on surface of Pb by potentiostatic anodization technique.Effects of etchants(ammonium chloride,ammonium fluoride,ammonium acetate and ammonium oxalate)on morphology of PbO_2 structure were studied to select ammonium fluoride as etchant due to uniform holes in PbO_2 structure.Furthermore,effects of anodization voltage,temperature,water concentration,ammonium fluoride concentration,and anodization time on morphology of PbO_2 structure were investigated.Pb/3D-PbO_2 structure with relatively uniform holes can be constructed on Pb surface under the optimum conditions including anodization voltage of 15 V,temperature of 25℃,water concentration of 1.25%,ammonium fluoride concentration of 0.3 g for 100 mL ethylene glycol,and anodization time of 6 h.
引文
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[3]TOBOSQUE P,MARIL M,MARIL Y,et al.Electrodeposition of lead-cobalt anodes:The effect of electrolyte pH on film properties[J].Journal of The Electrochemical Society,2017,164(9):D621-D625.
[4]李劼,钟晓聪,蒋良兴,等.铅合金微观结构对其腐蚀行为的影响[J].功能材料,2015,46(5):5026-5032.
[5]钟晓聪,王瑞祥,刘庆生,等.氟、氯对Pb-Ag阳极氧化膜层和腐蚀行为的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2018,28(4):792-801.
[6]SUEN N T,HUNG S F,QUAN Q,et al.Electrocatalysis for the oxygen evolution reaction:recent development and future perspectives[J].Chemical Society Reviews,2017,46(2):337-365.
[7]REIER T,NONG H N,TESCHNER D,et al.Electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction in acidic environments-reaction mechanisms and catalysts[J].Advanced Energy Materials,2017,7(1):1601275.(DOI:10.1002/aenm.201601275)
[8]SHAO M,CHANG Q,DODELET J P,et al.Recent advances in electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction[J].Chemical Reviews,2016,116(6):3594-3657.
[9]ROY P,BERGER S,SCHMUKI P.TiO2 nanotubes:synthesis and applications[J].Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2011,50(13):2904-2939.
[10]CERRO-LOPEZ M,MEAS-VONG Y,MENDEZ-ROJAS M A,et al.Formation and growth of PbO2inside TiO2 nanotubes for environmental applications[J].Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2014,144:174-181.
[11]ZHANG W,LIN H,KONG H,et al.High energy density PbO2/activated carbon asymmetric electrochemical capacitor based on lead dioxide electrode with three-dimensional porous titanium substrate[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2014,39(30):17153-17161.
[12]李卫华,乔学斌.3d过渡金属掺杂TiO2纳米晶膜电极的光电化学研究[J].高等学校化学学报,2000,21(10):1534-1538.
[13]衷水平.锌电积用铅基多孔节能阳极的制备,表征与工程化试验[D].长沙:中南大学,2009.
[14]余青青,储成林,林萍华,等.二氧化钛纳米管阵列的二次阳极氧化制备[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2011,40(增刊2):201-205.
[15]祝增虎,李法强,彭正军,等.氯化锂电解条件对氯离子迁移的影响[J].盐湖研究,2014,22(3):50-54.