EM菌制剂处理马铃薯种薯对其农艺特性的影响
|
摘要
马铃薯在种植过程中的切块处理往往是病害的主要传播途径,因此获得有效的马铃薯种薯切块保护方法,对于防止病原菌通过切块的伤口感染薯块具有重要的意义。EM菌制剂是一种混合菌制剂,能够促进植物的新陈代谢,抵抗病原菌的侵染。试验采用不同处理的EM菌制剂结合活性炭对马铃薯种薯切块进行处理,对马铃薯种植后的农艺特性进行研究,结果表明,EM菌及活性炭处理后,马铃薯叶片中叶绿素含量,开花数及产量都得到了提高。EM菌制剂处理对产量影响由高到低的顺序为:灭菌EM菌处理>EM菌离心液>EM菌原液,不同处理EM菌制剂的稀释浓度对马铃薯产量的影响也存在差异,其中采用EM菌制剂灭菌液(稀释100倍)结合活性炭处理薯块,对种薯的保护性最好,产量提高了20.00%。
The cut process of seed potato in production is the main route of the transmission of diseases,thus obtaining a reliable method for the protection of seed piece is of great significance in preventing the spread of disease caused by pathogens transmitted in wound infection of potatoes tubers.EM bacterial preparation is a stable mixed bacterium preparation that can effectively promote the metabolism of plants,and resist pathogens infection.Various EM bacterium preparations and activated carbon were applied to seed pieces of potato,and then agronomic characteristics of potato plants after planting were analyzed.EM bacterial preparation and activated carbon increased chlorophyll content,flower number and tuber yield.The rank of tuber yield for various EM treatments was sterilized EM bacterial preparation > centrifugalized EM bacterial preparation > origin EM bacterial preparation.Various diluted solutions of EM bacterial preparations of different treatments gave different tuber yields.EM bacterial sterilization solution(diluted 100times) combined with activated carbon showed the best protection result for seed pieces,and the tuber yield was increased by 20.00%.
The cut process of seed potato in production is the main route of the transmission of diseases,thus obtaining a reliable method for the protection of seed piece is of great significance in preventing the spread of disease caused by pathogens transmitted in wound infection of potatoes tubers.EM bacterial preparation is a stable mixed bacterium preparation that can effectively promote the metabolism of plants,and resist pathogens infection.Various EM bacterium preparations and activated carbon were applied to seed pieces of potato,and then agronomic characteristics of potato plants after planting were analyzed.EM bacterial preparation and activated carbon increased chlorophyll content,flower number and tuber yield.The rank of tuber yield for various EM treatments was sterilized EM bacterial preparation > centrifugalized EM bacterial preparation > origin EM bacterial preparation.Various diluted solutions of EM bacterial preparations of different treatments gave different tuber yields.EM bacterial sterilization solution(diluted 100times) combined with activated carbon showed the best protection result for seed pieces,and the tuber yield was increased by 20.00%.
引文
[1]沈孝生,胡铁.七个马铃薯品种的农艺形状和生理生化特性研究[J].湖南农业科学,2011(2):11-13.
[2]吕美芳.马铃薯种薯切块技术要点[J].河北农业,2016(1):27.
[3]陈淑君,薛丽静,王敏军,等.马铃薯种薯切块大小与植株抗旱性关系研究[J].现代农业科技,2016(8):78.
[4]李霄峰,鲁喜荣,田宏先.不同灌溉量对马铃薯产量及品质的影响[J].内蒙古农业科技,2011,39(6):30,79.
[5]熊远福,文祝友,讲巨鳌,等.农作物种衣剂研究进展[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然版,2004,30(2):187-192.
[6]柴士俊.生物种衣剂简介[J].北京农业,1999(9):98-99.
[7]周苏民,王红艳.凹凸棒土作为环境友好型种衣剂成膜剂的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(18):3705-3710.
[8]毛彦芝,刘玲玲,孟兆华,等.EM菌对连作马铃薯原原种生产网棚土壤及马铃薯产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014(3):41-43.
[9]张亚平,杨庆锋,杜迎辉.生物种衣剂在玉米上的应用效果[J].现代化农业,2015(11):68-69.
[10]赵明锁,赵文志,张剑民,等.生物种衣剂对油菜种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响[J].种子科技,2006,24(2):47-48.
[11]吕静.生物拌种剂对马铃薯种薯产量性状的影响[J].种子世界,2014(8):29-30.
[12]马乐辉,郭进栋,王海洋,等.EM菌应用研究进展[J].科学时代,2013(1):12-16.
[13]李欣,王玺,兰星.EM菌与Zn SO4包衣处理对玉米幼苗形态及生理指标的影响[J].玉米科学,2008,16(3):90-91.
[14]李伟,李岩,林瑞蒙,等.有效微生物群(EM)对春小麦、春油菜的增产效应[J].内蒙古农业科技,2005,33(5):30-31.
[15]史吉平,董永华.水分胁迫对小麦光合作用的影响[J].麦类作物学报,1995(5):49-51.
[16]田志宏,涂显平,汪志伟.马铃薯施用EM菌效应的初步研究[J].园艺与种苗,2003,23(5):299-399.
[17]段玉云,曾黎琼,张仲凯,等.EM对马铃薯生长的影响研究[J].西南农业学报,2005,18(6):752-754.
[2]吕美芳.马铃薯种薯切块技术要点[J].河北农业,2016(1):27.
[3]陈淑君,薛丽静,王敏军,等.马铃薯种薯切块大小与植株抗旱性关系研究[J].现代农业科技,2016(8):78.
[4]李霄峰,鲁喜荣,田宏先.不同灌溉量对马铃薯产量及品质的影响[J].内蒙古农业科技,2011,39(6):30,79.
[5]熊远福,文祝友,讲巨鳌,等.农作物种衣剂研究进展[J].湖南农业大学学报:自然版,2004,30(2):187-192.
[6]柴士俊.生物种衣剂简介[J].北京农业,1999(9):98-99.
[7]周苏民,王红艳.凹凸棒土作为环境友好型种衣剂成膜剂的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2011,50(18):3705-3710.
[8]毛彦芝,刘玲玲,孟兆华,等.EM菌对连作马铃薯原原种生产网棚土壤及马铃薯产量的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2014(3):41-43.
[9]张亚平,杨庆锋,杜迎辉.生物种衣剂在玉米上的应用效果[J].现代化农业,2015(11):68-69.
[10]赵明锁,赵文志,张剑民,等.生物种衣剂对油菜种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响[J].种子科技,2006,24(2):47-48.
[11]吕静.生物拌种剂对马铃薯种薯产量性状的影响[J].种子世界,2014(8):29-30.
[12]马乐辉,郭进栋,王海洋,等.EM菌应用研究进展[J].科学时代,2013(1):12-16.
[13]李欣,王玺,兰星.EM菌与Zn SO4包衣处理对玉米幼苗形态及生理指标的影响[J].玉米科学,2008,16(3):90-91.
[14]李伟,李岩,林瑞蒙,等.有效微生物群(EM)对春小麦、春油菜的增产效应[J].内蒙古农业科技,2005,33(5):30-31.
[15]史吉平,董永华.水分胁迫对小麦光合作用的影响[J].麦类作物学报,1995(5):49-51.
[16]田志宏,涂显平,汪志伟.马铃薯施用EM菌效应的初步研究[J].园艺与种苗,2003,23(5):299-399.
[17]段玉云,曾黎琼,张仲凯,等.EM对马铃薯生长的影响研究[J].西南农业学报,2005,18(6):752-754.