从废旧锂电池处理废渣中硫酸浸出锂的动力学研究
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摘要
采用硫酸浸出含锂废渣中的锂,考察了温度、液固比、硫酸浓度和搅拌速率对浸出过程的影响。结果表明,在液固比5∶1、硫酸浓度10%、搅拌速率400 r/min、反应温度70℃、反应120 min时,锂浸出率达到94.63%。通过正交实验和动力学推导,确认含锂废渣中硫酸浸出锂的动力学模型为收缩核模型,浸出表观活化能为10.39 k J/mol,浸出过程中速度控制步骤是固膜扩散。
Lithium was leached from lithium containing waste residue with sulfuric acid to investigate effects of temperature,liquid-solid ratio,sulfuric acid concentration and stirring rate on the leaching process. Results showed that the leaching rate of lithium reached 94.63% after the reaction at 70 ℃ for 120 min,with liquid-solid ratio at 5 ∶1 and sulfuric acid concentration of 10%. Based on orthogonal experiment and dynamic deduction,it is found that the kinetic model of lithium leaching from waste residue was a shrinking core model. The apparent activation energy of leaching was10.39 kJ/mol and the rate controlling step was solid-film diffusion.
Lithium was leached from lithium containing waste residue with sulfuric acid to investigate effects of temperature,liquid-solid ratio,sulfuric acid concentration and stirring rate on the leaching process. Results showed that the leaching rate of lithium reached 94.63% after the reaction at 70 ℃ for 120 min,with liquid-solid ratio at 5 ∶1 and sulfuric acid concentration of 10%. Based on orthogonal experiment and dynamic deduction,it is found that the kinetic model of lithium leaching from waste residue was a shrinking core model. The apparent activation energy of leaching was10.39 kJ/mol and the rate controlling step was solid-film diffusion.
引文
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[2]李敦钫,王成彦,尹飞,等.废锂离子电池钴酸锂的碳还原和硫酸溶解[J].有色金属工程,2009,61(3):83-86.
[3]Sohn J S,Shin S M,Kim S K,et al.Comparison of two acidic leaching processes for selecting the effective recycle process of spent lithium ion battery[J].Geosystem Engineering,2006,9(1):1-6.
[4]乔延超,陈若葵,唐红辉,等.磷酸铁锂废料中磷、铁、锂的综合回收[J].矿冶工程,2018,38(3):118-122.
[5]Meshram P,Pandey B D,Mankhand T R.Extraction of lithium from primary and secondary sources by pre-treatment,leaching and separation:A comprehensive review[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,150(10):192-208.
[6]李洪桂.冶金原理[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[7]李浩然,冯雅丽,罗小兵,等.湿法浸出粘土矿中钒的动力学[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2008,39(6):1181-1184.
[8]莫鼎成.冶金动力学[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1988.
[9]傅献彩,沈文霞,姚天扬,等.物理化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2005.
[10]黄瑛.湿法冶金浸出过程建模与优化[D].沈阳:东北大学信息科学与工程学院,2009.
[11]李洪桂.浸出过程的理论基础及实践[J].稀有金属与硬质合金,1993,3(4):30-36.