铝电解槽上部散热分析与研究
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摘要
铝电解槽的能量平衡是电解槽平稳运行的关键所在,也是制约铝电解槽节能的关键所在。铝电解槽上部散热主要为槽罩散热和上部结构散热,从统计数据来看,电解槽上部散热约1V占总散热的55%左右。本文通过对上部散热的分析,以及在外界条件变化时上部散热变化的理论计算来研究上部散热变化特性,从模拟计算结果可以看出,电解槽密封保温和调整覆盖料可以减少电解槽上部散热,但减少幅度有限,烟气流量和覆盖料性能才是影响上部散热的核心。在模拟计算结果的基础上开展了降低烟气流量改造和覆盖料优化,并进行了工业试验,试验槽上部散热降到0.7V以下。
The energy balance is the key to the stable operation of aluminum reduction pots, which is also crucial to the energy conservation of aluminum reduction pots. The top heat dissipation of aluminum reduction pots mainly consists of the pot hood heat dissipation and the upper structure heat dissipation. According to statistics, the top heat dissipation of aluminum reduction pots is about 1 V, representing about 55% of the total heat dissipation. The varying characteristics of the top heat dissipation are studied through the analysis and theoretical calculation of the top heat dissipation when the external conditions change. The simulated calculation results show that the top heat dissiption of aluminum reduction pots can be reduced only to a limited extent by the sealed insulation of reduction pots and the adjustment of covering materials. Both the flue gas flow and the performance of covering materials are the key factors which affect the top heat dissipation. On the basis of the simulated calculation results, the modification was carried out to reduce the flue gas flow and optimize covering materials, with the industrial test conducted as well. The top heat dissipation of test reduction pots dropped below 0.7 V.
The energy balance is the key to the stable operation of aluminum reduction pots, which is also crucial to the energy conservation of aluminum reduction pots. The top heat dissipation of aluminum reduction pots mainly consists of the pot hood heat dissipation and the upper structure heat dissipation. According to statistics, the top heat dissipation of aluminum reduction pots is about 1 V, representing about 55% of the total heat dissipation. The varying characteristics of the top heat dissipation are studied through the analysis and theoretical calculation of the top heat dissipation when the external conditions change. The simulated calculation results show that the top heat dissiption of aluminum reduction pots can be reduced only to a limited extent by the sealed insulation of reduction pots and the adjustment of covering materials. Both the flue gas flow and the performance of covering materials are the key factors which affect the top heat dissipation. On the basis of the simulated calculation results, the modification was carried out to reduce the flue gas flow and optimize covering materials, with the industrial test conducted as well. The top heat dissipation of test reduction pots dropped below 0.7 V.
引文
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[11]周云峰,李昌林,方斌,邱仕麟,王俊伟,王俊青,刘卓.粒度对阳极覆盖料散热性能的影响[J].轻金属,2017(10):32-35.
[2]沈贤春,张爱玲. 铝电解槽物理场特性参数及其测量技术[J]. 轻金属,1997(12):25-29.
[3]沈贤春,张爱玲,等. 160kA铝电解槽物理场测试与分析-能量平衡测试与分析[J]. 轻金属,1999(2):27-33.
[4]王俊青,张延利,陈辉.浅谈我国大中型铝电解槽热损失分布特点[J].轻金属,2007(12):22-24.
[5]张延利,王俊青.我国现行铝电解槽散热状态及散热能力研究[J].轻金属,2011(11):29-32.
[6]TANIA GROUTSO, MARK TAYLOR, A.K. HUDSON. Aspects of crust formation from today’s anode cover material [C].Light Metals,2009:405-410.
[7]陶沙,陆继东,罗海岩,黄俊,张继红.铝电解槽阳极覆盖料散热特性模拟研究[J].轻金属,2005(2),24-27.
[8]HALLDOR GUDMUNDSSON. Improving anode cover material quality at Nordural-Quality tools and measures [C].Light Metals,2009:467-472.
[9]中国铝业郑州研究院.铝电解综合测试与节能潜力研究报告[R].郑州:中国铝业郑州研究院. 2007-2012.
[10]周云峰,李昌林,柴登鹏,邱仕麟,张延利,汪艳芳,刘卓.铝电解阳极覆盖料性能探讨[J].轻金属,2015(9):32-35.
[11]周云峰,李昌林,方斌,邱仕麟,王俊伟,王俊青,刘卓.粒度对阳极覆盖料散热性能的影响[J].轻金属,2017(10):32-35.