45钢表面激光熔覆层成形效果及稀释率研究
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摘要
为改善45钢的表面性能,利用YLS-4000型光纤激光器在45钢表面激光熔覆镍基陶瓷复合涂层。采用正交实验,研究激光功率、扫描速度及镍包WC添加量对熔覆层表面形貌、几何参数与稀释率以及显微硬度的影响。结果表明:当试样的激光功率和扫描速度都为最大时(P=2000 W,Vs=16 mm/s),镍包WC质量分数为20%,在试样表面出现了较多的裂纹且熔覆层的表面平整度是所有试样中最差的。激光功率对稀释率的影响最大,扫描速度次之,镍包碳化钨对稀释率的影响最小。稀释率控制在5%左右为宜,且可通过调节工艺参数来控制稀释率的大小。
In order to improve the surface performance of 45 steel, the laser cladding Ni based ceramic composite coating on the surface of 45 steel by YLS-4000 fiber laser was carried out. The effects of laser power, scanning speed and amount of nickel clad WC addition on the surface morphology, geometric parameters, dilution rate and microhardness of the coating were studied by orthogonal experiment. The results show that when the laser power and scanning speed of sample are maximum(P=2000 W, Vs=16 mm/s,) and nickel clad WC fraction is 20%, more cracks appear on the specimen surface and the surface evenness of the cladding layer is the worst. Laser power has the greatest influence on the dilution rate, the scanning speed is the second and nickel clad WC has the least influence on the dilution rate.The suitable dilution rate can be controlled at about 5% and the dilution rate can be controlled by adjusting the process parameters.
In order to improve the surface performance of 45 steel, the laser cladding Ni based ceramic composite coating on the surface of 45 steel by YLS-4000 fiber laser was carried out. The effects of laser power, scanning speed and amount of nickel clad WC addition on the surface morphology, geometric parameters, dilution rate and microhardness of the coating were studied by orthogonal experiment. The results show that when the laser power and scanning speed of sample are maximum(P=2000 W, Vs=16 mm/s,) and nickel clad WC fraction is 20%, more cracks appear on the specimen surface and the surface evenness of the cladding layer is the worst. Laser power has the greatest influence on the dilution rate, the scanning speed is the second and nickel clad WC has the least influence on the dilution rate.The suitable dilution rate can be controlled at about 5% and the dilution rate can be controlled by adjusting the process parameters.
引文
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[11]张晓东,董世运,徐滨士,等.45钢表面激光熔覆Ni35合金涂层的组织及性能[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2009,23(3):73-76.
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[2]马超.激光熔覆镍基复合涂层组织与性能研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2013:24-59.
[3]张健,谭小军,胡玉,等.高功率光纤激光器熔覆Ni60A合金的显微组织及高温摩擦磨损性能[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(6):1441-1448.
[4]Pual C P,Alemohammand H,Toyserkani E,et al.Cladding of WC-12 Co on low carbon steel using a pulsed Nd:YAGlaser[J].Material Science and Engineering,2007,464(1/2):170-176.
[5]徐大鹏,周建忠,郭华锋,等.激光熔覆裂纹产生机理及控制方法分析[J].工具技术,2007,41(4):24-27.
[6]华亮,田威,廖文和,等.激光熔覆热影响区及残余应力分布特性研究[J].激光与光电子学进展,2014,51(9):391-401.
[7]张晓东,揭晓华,曾招余波,等.激光熔覆WC/Co-Cr合金涂层的组织及耐磨性[J].金属热处理,2014,39(8):53-56.
[8]刘秀波,王华明.工艺参数对TiAl合金激光熔覆复合涂层的影响[J].激光技术,2006,30(1):67-69.
[9]刘思奇,郭衍束,杨玉玲,等.H13钢表面激光熔覆耐磨涂层正交化工艺研究[J].激光技术,2015,39(3):399-404.
[10]赵树国,李成龙,程成.激光熔覆工艺参数对涂层质量的影响及其优化选择[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(22):82-85.
[11]张晓东,董世运,徐滨士,等.45钢表面激光熔覆Ni35合金涂层的组织及性能[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2009,23(3):73-76.
[12]王黎钦,应丽霞,张三川,等.氮化硅/石墨激光合金化涂层的组织结构与性能研究[J].中国激光,2003,30(9):855-858.
[13]李嘉宁.激光熔覆技术及应用[M].北京:化工工业出版社,2015:132-138.