长毛红山茶物种在天柱自然分布特征及人工繁殖技术研究
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摘要
对长毛红山茶在天柱的自然分布、物种的生长形质指标及多种人工繁殖技术进行了探讨和研究。长毛红山茶在天然状态下零星、散生或小块于针阔混交林中。在其分布的林分里,处于被压林层中,在森林群落中物种呈现出负向演替趋势。长毛红山茶花期长达120d左右,盛花期持续80d左右,观赏价值高。其种子不易保存,实生繁育宜随采随播可提高种子发芽率。长毛红山茶芽苗砧嫁接成活率达80%左右,是当前迁地保护与资源扩繁的一项可行技术方法。通过大树换冠嫁接,第3年即具有一定数量的花朵供观赏。长毛红山茶在经典描述中其花瓣为6片,本研究在同株及株间其花瓣均发现有5、6、7片共存现象,有待进一步研究和商榷。
The natural distribution,growth,morphology and artificial propagation of Camellia villosa in Tianzhu were investigated.C.villosa exhibited a scattered or patchy distribution in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest.The species was understory and showed a negative succession trend.The flowering period of C.villosalast for about 120 days,and its full-flowering up to 80 days.Even though the seed was not easy to be preserved,the seed germination rate could be improved by seeding immediately after harvesting.The survival rate of bud grafting was about 80%in C.villosa,which was an effective technique for ex-situ conservation and propagation.Grafting by replacing the crown,there will be a certain number of flowers for sightseeing in the third year.According to the Flora of China,the number of petals was 6 in C.villosa.In this study,5,6 or 7 petals coexisted in the same or different plants,which needed a further study to elucidate this phenomenon.
The natural distribution,growth,morphology and artificial propagation of Camellia villosa in Tianzhu were investigated.C.villosa exhibited a scattered or patchy distribution in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest.The species was understory and showed a negative succession trend.The flowering period of C.villosalast for about 120 days,and its full-flowering up to 80 days.Even though the seed was not easy to be preserved,the seed germination rate could be improved by seeding immediately after harvesting.The survival rate of bud grafting was about 80%in C.villosa,which was an effective technique for ex-situ conservation and propagation.Grafting by replacing the crown,there will be a certain number of flowers for sightseeing in the third year.According to the Flora of China,the number of petals was 6 in C.villosa.In this study,5,6 or 7 petals coexisted in the same or different plants,which needed a further study to elucidate this phenomenon.
引文
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[2]庄瑞林.中国油茶[M].第二版.北京:中国林业出版社,2008:86-87.
[3]田敏,李纪元,倪穗,等.基于ITS序列的红山茶组植物系统发育关系的研究[J].园艺学报,2008,35(11):1685-1688.
[4]王君,周晓玲,刘海燕,等.贵州山茶属植物资源保护与开发应用评价[J].贵州科学,2010,28(2):83-88,92.
[5]天柱县林业志编纂领导小组.天柱县林业志[M].1995:27-42.