基于多级阻塞的稳健相干自适应波束形成
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摘要
针对期望信号波达角(DOA)估计误差较大时相干波束形成性能下降的问题,该文提出一种基于多级阻塞的稳健相干自适应波束形成算法。该算法首先定义阻塞矩阵,推导多级阻塞原理,并利用其滤除阵列接收信号中的期望信号;然后给出空间中只存在期望信号时,子阵与全阵间阵列流型的映射关系,据此推导全阵扩展变换,并证明其在干扰信号存在条件下的有效性;最终利用扩展变换获取全阵最优权矢量,实现相干波束形成。该算法对期望信号波达角估计误差稳健,且无需干扰信号来向的先验信息,同时可以有效避免阵列孔径的损失。仿真分析验证了算法的优越性和理论分析的有效性。
Since the performance of adaptive beamforming algorithm for coherent signals degrades when the estimation error in the Direction Of Arrival(DOA) of the desired signal is large, a new multistage blocking based beamforming algorithm for coherent interference suppression is proposed. Firstly, the blocking matrix is constructed and the principle of multistage blocking is derived, with which the received signal is processed to remove the desired signal component. Then the mapping between the array manifold of sub-aperture array and the full-aperture array is analyzed when only the desired signal exists in the space. On this basis, the extension transformation is derived with its effectiveness proved in the presence of interference signals. At last, the optimal weight vector of the adaptive beamformer for coherent interference is obtained by extension transformation. Requiring no prior information of the DOA of the interference signals, the new method is robust to the DOA estimation error, and can avoid the loss of array aperture. The effectiveness and superiority of the new algorithm are verified by simulation analysis.
Since the performance of adaptive beamforming algorithm for coherent signals degrades when the estimation error in the Direction Of Arrival(DOA) of the desired signal is large, a new multistage blocking based beamforming algorithm for coherent interference suppression is proposed. Firstly, the blocking matrix is constructed and the principle of multistage blocking is derived, with which the received signal is processed to remove the desired signal component. Then the mapping between the array manifold of sub-aperture array and the full-aperture array is analyzed when only the desired signal exists in the space. On this basis, the extension transformation is derived with its effectiveness proved in the presence of interference signals. At last, the optimal weight vector of the adaptive beamformer for coherent interference is obtained by extension transformation. Requiring no prior information of the DOA of the interference signals, the new method is robust to the DOA estimation error, and can avoid the loss of array aperture. The effectiveness and superiority of the new algorithm are verified by simulation analysis.
引文
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[17]周围,张德民,吴波,等.相干环境下LCMV自适应阵列抗干扰问题研究[J].电子与信息学报,2007,29(7):1604-1607.ZHOU Wei,ZHANG Demin,WU Bo,et al.Study on interference suppression for LCMV adaptive array in coherent environment[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2007,29(7):1604-1607.
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[19]LIU Yanyan,SUN Xiaoying,and ZHAO Shishun.Acovariance matrix shrinkage method with Toeplitz rectified target for DOA estimation under the uniform linear array[J].AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,2017,81:50-55.doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2017.06.026.
[20]WU Xiaohuan,ZHU Weiping,and YAN Jun.A Toeplitz covariance matrix reconstruction approach for direction-ofarrival estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2017,66(9):8223-8237.doi:10.1109/TVT.2017.2695226.
[2]RUAN Hang and DE LAMARE R C.Robust adaptive beamforming based on low-rank and cross-correlation techniques[C].Proceedings of 2015 European Signal Processing Conference,Nice,France,2015:854-858.doi:10.1109/eusipco.2015.7362504.
[3]SINGH H and JHA R M.Trends in adaptive array processing[J].International Journal of Antennas and Propagation,2012,2012:361768.doi:10.1155/2012/361768.
[4]BRESLER Y,REDDY V U,and KAILATH T.Optimum beamforming for coherent signal and interferences[J].IEEETransactions on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,1988,36(6):833-843.doi:10.1109/29.1594.
[5]ZHANG Linrang,SO H C,PING L,et al.Adaptive multiple-beamformers for reception of coherent signals with known directions in the presence of uncorrelated interferences[J].Signal Processing,2004,84(10):1861-1873.doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2004.06.012.
[6]AGRAWAL M,ABRAHAMSSON R,and?HGREN P.Optimum beamforming for a nearfield source in signalcorrelated interferences[J].Signal Processing,2006,86(5):915-923.doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2005.07.017.
[7]WANG Cheng,TANG Jun,and WU Ying.Eigenspacebased beamforming technique for multipath coherent signals reception[J].Signal Processing,2016,128:150-154.doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.03.028.
[8]LEE T S and LIN T T.Coherent interference suppression with complementally transformed adaptive beamformer[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,1998,46(5):609-617.doi:10.1109/8.668901.
[9]WIDROW B,DUVALL K,GOOCH R,et al.Signal cancellation phenomena in adaptive antennas:Causes and cures[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,1982,30(3):469-478.doi:10.1109/TAP.1982.1142804.
[10]CHOI Y H.Duvall-structure-based fast adaptive beamforming for coherent interference cancellation[J].IEEESignal Processing Letters,2007,14(10):739-741.doi:10.1109/LSP.2007.898322.
[11]路鸣.窄带相干干扰自适应抑制的裂相变换法[J].电子学报,1993,21(4):13-20.doi:10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.1993.04.003.LU Ming.Coherent interference suppression by using splitpolarity transformation[J].Acta Electronica Sinica,1993,21(4):13-20.doi:10.3321/j.issn:0372-2112.1993.04.003.
[12]黄磊.非理想条件下的自适应波束形成算法研究[D].[博士论文],中国科学技术大学,2016:7-8.HUANG Lei.Adaptive beamforming algorithms under nonideal conditions[D].[Ph.D.dissertation],University of Science and Technology of China,2016:7-8.
[13]黄超,张剑云,朱家兵,等.一种相干信号自适应波束形成零陷展宽算法[J].现代雷达,2016,38(10):23-28.HUANG Chao,ZHANG Jianyun,ZHU Jiabing,et al.Adaptive beamforming of coherent signals with null widening[J].Modern Radar,2016,38(10):23-28.
[14]MAHESWARA REDDY K and REDDY V U.Analysis of spatial smoothing with uniform circular arrays[J].IEEETransactions on Signal Processing,1999,47(6):1726-1730.doi:10.1109/78.765150.
[15]吴向东,马仑,梁中华.一种改进的加权空间平滑算法[J].数据采集与处理,2015,30(4):824-829.WU Xiangdong,MA Lun,and LIANG Zhonghua.Improved weighted spatial smoothing algorithm[J].Journal of Data Acquisition and Processing,2015,30(4):824-829.
[16]ZHUANG Jie,YE Qian,TAN Qiushi,et al.Low-complexity variable loading for robust adaptive beamforming[J].Electronics Letters,2016,52(5):338-340.doi:10.1049/el.2015.3844.
[17]周围,张德民,吴波,等.相干环境下LCMV自适应阵列抗干扰问题研究[J].电子与信息学报,2007,29(7):1604-1607.ZHOU Wei,ZHANG Demin,WU Bo,et al.Study on interference suppression for LCMV adaptive array in coherent environment[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2007,29(7):1604-1607.
[18]KUNG S,LO C,and FOKA R.A Toeplitz approximation approach to coherent source direction finding[C].Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech,and Signal Processing,Tokyo,Japan,1986:193-196.doi:10.1109/ICASSP.1986.1169108.
[19]LIU Yanyan,SUN Xiaoying,and ZHAO Shishun.Acovariance matrix shrinkage method with Toeplitz rectified target for DOA estimation under the uniform linear array[J].AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications,2017,81:50-55.doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2017.06.026.
[20]WU Xiaohuan,ZHU Weiping,and YAN Jun.A Toeplitz covariance matrix reconstruction approach for direction-ofarrival estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2017,66(9):8223-8237.doi:10.1109/TVT.2017.2695226.