公益林健康评价研究进展
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摘要
生态公益林是林业发展和改善生态环境的重要组成部分,国家高度重视公益林建设,对其面积及质量都提出更高要求;在建设公益林初期,由于缺乏科学规划,导致林内树种单一、抵抗力差等,这些问题正在逐步凸显出来,并且影响了公益林效能的显现与发挥,这引起了学者们对公益林健康状态的广泛关注。公益林健康评价是经营和管理公益林的基础,但目前中国尚无一套完备的公益林健康评价体系。本研究团队对公益林健康评价的国内外学者研究进展进行了综述,并结合研究成果,探讨公益林建设、管理及构建健康评价指标体系中存在问题;旨在为公益林的培育、评价及监管提供理论依据。
Ecological public welfare forest is an important part of forestry development and ecological environment improvement. The government has attached great importance to ecological public welfare forest construction and set a still higher demand on its area and quality. In the early stage of public welfare forest construction, due to the lack of scientific planning, which led to the single tree species in the forest and poor resistance, these problems are gradually emerging, and the emergence and development of public welfare forest efficiency are affected. The health of public welfare forests has aroused widespread concern of scholars. The health evaluation of public welfare forest is a foundation to operate and manage the forests. However, in China, a set of complete evaluation system for the health of public welfare forests is lacked. The research team reviewed the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars on the health assessment of public welfare forests, and discussed the problems existing in the public welfare forest construction, management and construction of health evaluation index system based on the research results, which could provide the theoretical basis for the cultivation, evaluation and supervision of public welfare forests.
Ecological public welfare forest is an important part of forestry development and ecological environment improvement. The government has attached great importance to ecological public welfare forest construction and set a still higher demand on its area and quality. In the early stage of public welfare forest construction, due to the lack of scientific planning, which led to the single tree species in the forest and poor resistance, these problems are gradually emerging, and the emergence and development of public welfare forest efficiency are affected. The health of public welfare forests has aroused widespread concern of scholars. The health evaluation of public welfare forest is a foundation to operate and manage the forests. However, in China, a set of complete evaluation system for the health of public welfare forests is lacked. The research team reviewed the research progress of domestic and foreign scholars on the health assessment of public welfare forests, and discussed the problems existing in the public welfare forest construction, management and construction of health evaluation index system based on the research results, which could provide the theoretical basis for the cultivation, evaluation and supervision of public welfare forests.
引文
Boa E.,2003,An illustrated guide to the state of health of trees:recognition and interpretation of symptoms and damage,Food And Agriculture Organization of The United Nations,Rome,Italy,pp.1-8
Bulman L.S.,Bradshaw R.E.,Fraser S.,Martin-Garcia J.,Barnes I.,Musolin D.L.,La Porta N.,Woods A.J.,Diez J.J.,Koltay A.,Drenkhan R.,Ahumada R.,Poljakovic-Pajnik L.,Queloz V.,Pi觤kur B.,Do觧mu觤-Lehtij覿rvi H.T.,Chira D.,Tome觢ová-Haataja V.,Georgieva M.,Jankovsk伥L.,Anselmi N.,Markovskaja S.,Papazova-Anakieva I.,Sotirovski K.,Lazarevi觭J.,AdamcíkováK.,BorońP.,Bragan觬a H.,Vettraino A.M.,Selikhovkin A.V.,Bulgakov T.S.,and Tubby K.,2016,Aworldwide perspective on the management and control of Dothistroma needle blight,Forest Pathol.,46(5):472-488
Chen G.,Deng H.B.,Wang Q.L.,Dai L.M.,and Hao Z.Q.,2003,Approaches for assessing forest ecosystem health,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),14(6):995-999(陈高,邓红兵,王庆礼,代力民,郝占庆,2003,森林生态系统健康评估的一般性途径探讨,应用生态学报,14(6):995-999)
Chen P.J.,2007,The evaluation on defensive quality of plant diseases based on regional forest space structure,Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisors:Wu B.G.,and Fang L.M.,pp.12-69(陈培金,2007,基于区域森林空间结构的防御病虫害能力评价方法研究,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:吴保国,方陆明,pp.12-69)
Dash J.P.,Watt M.S.,Pearse G.D.,Heaphy M.,and Dungey H.S.,2017,Assessing very high resolution UAV imagery for monitoring forest health during a simulated disease outbreak,International Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,131:1-14
Deng X.J.,and Huang Z.Y.,2017,Research on forest resources health evaluation based on analytic hierarchy process in Hainan,Shengtai Jingji(Ecological Economy),33(6):201-204(邓须军,黄芷妍,2017,基于层次分析法的海南森林资源健康评价研究,生态经济,33(6):201-204)
Fei T.,2012,Construction of the index system for assessment of the forest health mainly on disease and insect pests,Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisors:Wen J.B.,and Chen J.Q.,pp.10-25(费滕,2012,以病虫害为主的森林健康评价指标体系构建,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:温俊宝,陈峻崎,pp.10-25)
Guimar覿es R.M.L.,LamandéM.,Munkholm L.J.,Ball B.C.,and Keller T.,2017,Opportunities and future directions for visual soil evaluation methods in soil structure research,Soil Till.Res.,173:104-113
Guo X.Y.,2017,Site classification and evaluation of pine-oak forests on the southern slope of the middle Qinling mountains,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisor:Cao T.J.,pp.7-27(郭小阳,2017,秦岭中段南坡松栎混交林立地分类及评价,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:曹田健,pp.7-27)
Haslmayr H.P.,Geitner C.,Sutor G.,Knoll A.,and Baumgarten A.,2016,Soil function evaluation in Austria-Development,concepts and examples,Geoderma,264:379-387
H覿yrinen L.,Mattila O.,Bergh覿ll S.,and Toppinen A.,2016,Lifestyle of health and sustainability of forest owners as an indicator of multiple use of forests,Forest Policy and Economics,67:10-19
Hu S.,Xu Y.Y.,and Wang B.Y.,2017,Review of forest health monitoring and assessment in China,Linye Yu Huanjing Kexue(Forestry and Environmental Science),33(1):90-96(胡爽,徐誉远,王本洋,2017,我国森林健康评价方法综述,林业与环境科学,33(1):90-96)
Jin H.X.,2016,Health evaluation of public forest in Qingyang lake,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Thesis for M.S.,Supervisor:Zhang H.P.,pp.11-58(金泓旭,2016,青羊湖国家森林公园公益林健康评价,硕士学位论文,中南林业科技大学,导师:张合平,pp.11-58)
Liu J.A.,and Liu H.J.,20 09,Forest health assessment methods and application,Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology),29(6):197-200(刘君昂,刘红娟,2009,森林健康评价方法与应用,中南林业科技大学学报,29(6):197-200)
Ma Y.H.,2010,Study on forest health assessment and operation decision of Culai mountain forest park ecological health,Thesis for M.S.,Forestry College,Shandong Agricultural University,Supervisor:Lu F.D.,pp.1-14(马玉辉,2010,徂徕山森林公园生态公益林健康评价及经营决策研究,硕士学位论文,山东农业大学林学院,导师:鲁法典,pp.1-14)
Ma Y.H.,Li F.M.,Tian N.N.,Jiang Q.Q.,and Lu F.D.,2010,Forest health assessment and management decision making park of ecological forest in Culai mountain forest,Shandong Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Shandong Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)),41(4):489-494(马玉辉,李风梅,田娜娜,姜倩倩,鲁法典,2010,徂徕山生态公益林健康评价及经营决策,山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),41(4):489-494)
Muscolo A.,Panuccio M.R.,Mallamaci C.,and Sidari M.,2014,Biological indicators to assess short-term soil quality changes in forest ecosystems,Ecol.Indic.,45(5):416-423
O'Laughlin J.,1994,Assessing forest health conditions in Idaho with forest inventory data,J.Sustain.Forest.,2(3-4):221-247
O'Laugin J.,1996,Forest ecosystem health assessment issues:Definition,measurement and management implications,Ecosystem Health,2(1):19-40
O'Laugin J.,Livingston R.L.,Their R.,Thornton J.,Toweill D.E.,and Morelan L.,1994,Defining and measuring forest health,J.Sustain.Forest.,2(1-2):65-85
Oliver C.D.,Ferguson D.E.,Harvey A.E.,Malany H.S.,Mandzak J.M.,and Mutch R.W.,1994,Managing ecosystems for forest health,J.Sustain.Forest.,2(1-2):113-133
Richards R.T.,1997,What the natives know,wild mushrooms and forest health,J.Forest.,95(9):4-10
Rong Y.P.,Zhao M.,Zhu L.L.,and Bai K.Y.,2012,The impact of grassland management practices on soil organic carbon:An analysis with three objective weighting methods,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),31(4):987-993(戎郁萍,赵敏,朱玲玲,白可喻,2012,三种客观赋权法分析草地管理措施对土壤有机碳含量的影响,生态学杂志,31(4):987-993)
Shi M.H.,Zhao C.W.,Guo Z.H.,and Liu S.R.,2010,Review on forest health assessment,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),29(12):2498-2506(施明辉,赵翠薇,郭志华,刘世荣,2010,森林健康评价研究进展,生态学杂志,29(12):2498-2506)
Tang C.,2017,Growth modeling and site quality evaluation for Betula alnoides plantations,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Supervisor:Zeng J.,pp.13-130(唐诚,2017,西南桦人工林生长模拟及立地质量评价,博士学位论文,中国林业科学研究院,导师:曾杰,pp.13-130)
van Leeuwen M.M.W.J.,Heuvelink G.B.M.,Wallinga J.,de Boer I.J.M.,van Dam J.C.,van Essen E.A.,Moolenaar S.W.,Verhoeven F.P.M.,Stoorvogel J.J.,and Stoo C.R.,2018,Visual soil evaluation:reproducibility and correlation with standard measurements,Soil Till Res.,178:167-178
Wang L.,Wang H.Y.,He L.H.,and Liu X.,2016,Site quality assessment of natural spruce-fir mixed forest,Dongbei Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Forestry University),44(3):1-7(王璐,王海燕,何丽鸿,刘鑫,2016,天然云冷杉针阔混交林立地质量评价,东北林业大学学报,44(3):1-7)
Wang Q.Y.,Chen P.F.,Li X.D.,Feng Y.,Song X.Y.,and Fu L.Y.,2018,The review of forest health assessment methods,Nanjing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)),42(2):177-183(王秋燕,陈鹏飞,李学东,冯岩,宋新宇,符利勇,2018,森林健康评价方法综述,南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),42(2):177-183)
Wu Y.H.,Tian X.H.,Tong Y.A.,Nan X.X.,Zhou M.,and Hou Y.H.,2010,Assessment of integrated soil fertility index based on principal components analysis,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),29(1):173-180(吴玉红,田霄鸿,同延安,南雄雄,周密,侯永辉,2010,基于主成分分析的土壤肥力综合指数评价,生态学杂志,29(1):173-180)
Xu L.,2014,Site quality evaluation of natural stands-taking an example of nature spruce-fir coniferous and broad-leave mixed stands in Jinggouling forestry station,Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisor:Kang X.G.,pp.1-12(徐罗,2014,天然林立地质量评价---以金沟岭林场云冷杉针阔混交林为例,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:亢新刚,pp.1-12)
Yan H.C.,2005,The quality evaluation and sustainable management of the non-commercial forest,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering,China Agricultural University,Supervisor:Yang P.L.,pp.1-11(严会超,2005,生态公益林质量评价与可持续经营研究,博士学位论文,中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,导师:杨培岭,pp.1-11)
Zhang P.X.,Ye Q.,Ouyang F.,Peng L.H.,Liu X.P.,Guo Y.H.,and Zeng J.P.,2017,Global warming and droughts aggravates forest damage resulting from pests and diseases in Jiangxi Province,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),37(2):639-649(张鹏霞,叶清,欧阳芳,彭龙慧,刘兴平,郭跃华,曾菊平,2017,气候变暖、干旱加重江西省森林病虫灾害,生态学报,37(2):639-649)
Zhao Y.B.,2009,Research on diversified providers of public welfare forests and commercial forests in China,Thesis for M.S.,Renmin University of China,Supervisor:Na L.,pp.1-12(赵彦斌,2009,中国公益林和商品林多元化提供主体的研究,硕士学位论文,中国人民大学,导师:娜拉,pp.1-12)
Bulman L.S.,Bradshaw R.E.,Fraser S.,Martin-Garcia J.,Barnes I.,Musolin D.L.,La Porta N.,Woods A.J.,Diez J.J.,Koltay A.,Drenkhan R.,Ahumada R.,Poljakovic-Pajnik L.,Queloz V.,Pi觤kur B.,Do觧mu觤-Lehtij覿rvi H.T.,Chira D.,Tome觢ová-Haataja V.,Georgieva M.,Jankovsk伥L.,Anselmi N.,Markovskaja S.,Papazova-Anakieva I.,Sotirovski K.,Lazarevi觭J.,AdamcíkováK.,BorońP.,Bragan觬a H.,Vettraino A.M.,Selikhovkin A.V.,Bulgakov T.S.,and Tubby K.,2016,Aworldwide perspective on the management and control of Dothistroma needle blight,Forest Pathol.,46(5):472-488
Chen G.,Deng H.B.,Wang Q.L.,Dai L.M.,and Hao Z.Q.,2003,Approaches for assessing forest ecosystem health,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology),14(6):995-999(陈高,邓红兵,王庆礼,代力民,郝占庆,2003,森林生态系统健康评估的一般性途径探讨,应用生态学报,14(6):995-999)
Chen P.J.,2007,The evaluation on defensive quality of plant diseases based on regional forest space structure,Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisors:Wu B.G.,and Fang L.M.,pp.12-69(陈培金,2007,基于区域森林空间结构的防御病虫害能力评价方法研究,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:吴保国,方陆明,pp.12-69)
Dash J.P.,Watt M.S.,Pearse G.D.,Heaphy M.,and Dungey H.S.,2017,Assessing very high resolution UAV imagery for monitoring forest health during a simulated disease outbreak,International Journal of Photogrammetry&Remote Sensing,131:1-14
Deng X.J.,and Huang Z.Y.,2017,Research on forest resources health evaluation based on analytic hierarchy process in Hainan,Shengtai Jingji(Ecological Economy),33(6):201-204(邓须军,黄芷妍,2017,基于层次分析法的海南森林资源健康评价研究,生态经济,33(6):201-204)
Fei T.,2012,Construction of the index system for assessment of the forest health mainly on disease and insect pests,Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisors:Wen J.B.,and Chen J.Q.,pp.10-25(费滕,2012,以病虫害为主的森林健康评价指标体系构建,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:温俊宝,陈峻崎,pp.10-25)
Guimar覿es R.M.L.,LamandéM.,Munkholm L.J.,Ball B.C.,and Keller T.,2017,Opportunities and future directions for visual soil evaluation methods in soil structure research,Soil Till.Res.,173:104-113
Guo X.Y.,2017,Site classification and evaluation of pine-oak forests on the southern slope of the middle Qinling mountains,Thesis for M.S.,Northwest A&F University,Supervisor:Cao T.J.,pp.7-27(郭小阳,2017,秦岭中段南坡松栎混交林立地分类及评价,硕士学位论文,西北农林科技大学,导师:曹田健,pp.7-27)
Haslmayr H.P.,Geitner C.,Sutor G.,Knoll A.,and Baumgarten A.,2016,Soil function evaluation in Austria-Development,concepts and examples,Geoderma,264:379-387
H覿yrinen L.,Mattila O.,Bergh覿ll S.,and Toppinen A.,2016,Lifestyle of health and sustainability of forest owners as an indicator of multiple use of forests,Forest Policy and Economics,67:10-19
Hu S.,Xu Y.Y.,and Wang B.Y.,2017,Review of forest health monitoring and assessment in China,Linye Yu Huanjing Kexue(Forestry and Environmental Science),33(1):90-96(胡爽,徐誉远,王本洋,2017,我国森林健康评价方法综述,林业与环境科学,33(1):90-96)
Jin H.X.,2016,Health evaluation of public forest in Qingyang lake,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Thesis for M.S.,Supervisor:Zhang H.P.,pp.11-58(金泓旭,2016,青羊湖国家森林公园公益林健康评价,硕士学位论文,中南林业科技大学,导师:张合平,pp.11-58)
Liu J.A.,and Liu H.J.,20 09,Forest health assessment methods and application,Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology),29(6):197-200(刘君昂,刘红娟,2009,森林健康评价方法与应用,中南林业科技大学学报,29(6):197-200)
Ma Y.H.,2010,Study on forest health assessment and operation decision of Culai mountain forest park ecological health,Thesis for M.S.,Forestry College,Shandong Agricultural University,Supervisor:Lu F.D.,pp.1-14(马玉辉,2010,徂徕山森林公园生态公益林健康评价及经营决策研究,硕士学位论文,山东农业大学林学院,导师:鲁法典,pp.1-14)
Ma Y.H.,Li F.M.,Tian N.N.,Jiang Q.Q.,and Lu F.D.,2010,Forest health assessment and management decision making park of ecological forest in Culai mountain forest,Shandong Nongye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Shandong Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)),41(4):489-494(马玉辉,李风梅,田娜娜,姜倩倩,鲁法典,2010,徂徕山生态公益林健康评价及经营决策,山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),41(4):489-494)
Muscolo A.,Panuccio M.R.,Mallamaci C.,and Sidari M.,2014,Biological indicators to assess short-term soil quality changes in forest ecosystems,Ecol.Indic.,45(5):416-423
O'Laughlin J.,1994,Assessing forest health conditions in Idaho with forest inventory data,J.Sustain.Forest.,2(3-4):221-247
O'Laugin J.,1996,Forest ecosystem health assessment issues:Definition,measurement and management implications,Ecosystem Health,2(1):19-40
O'Laugin J.,Livingston R.L.,Their R.,Thornton J.,Toweill D.E.,and Morelan L.,1994,Defining and measuring forest health,J.Sustain.Forest.,2(1-2):65-85
Oliver C.D.,Ferguson D.E.,Harvey A.E.,Malany H.S.,Mandzak J.M.,and Mutch R.W.,1994,Managing ecosystems for forest health,J.Sustain.Forest.,2(1-2):113-133
Richards R.T.,1997,What the natives know,wild mushrooms and forest health,J.Forest.,95(9):4-10
Rong Y.P.,Zhao M.,Zhu L.L.,and Bai K.Y.,2012,The impact of grassland management practices on soil organic carbon:An analysis with three objective weighting methods,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),31(4):987-993(戎郁萍,赵敏,朱玲玲,白可喻,2012,三种客观赋权法分析草地管理措施对土壤有机碳含量的影响,生态学杂志,31(4):987-993)
Shi M.H.,Zhao C.W.,Guo Z.H.,and Liu S.R.,2010,Review on forest health assessment,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),29(12):2498-2506(施明辉,赵翠薇,郭志华,刘世荣,2010,森林健康评价研究进展,生态学杂志,29(12):2498-2506)
Tang C.,2017,Growth modeling and site quality evaluation for Betula alnoides plantations,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Supervisor:Zeng J.,pp.13-130(唐诚,2017,西南桦人工林生长模拟及立地质量评价,博士学位论文,中国林业科学研究院,导师:曾杰,pp.13-130)
van Leeuwen M.M.W.J.,Heuvelink G.B.M.,Wallinga J.,de Boer I.J.M.,van Dam J.C.,van Essen E.A.,Moolenaar S.W.,Verhoeven F.P.M.,Stoorvogel J.J.,and Stoo C.R.,2018,Visual soil evaluation:reproducibility and correlation with standard measurements,Soil Till Res.,178:167-178
Wang L.,Wang H.Y.,He L.H.,and Liu X.,2016,Site quality assessment of natural spruce-fir mixed forest,Dongbei Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Northeast Forestry University),44(3):1-7(王璐,王海燕,何丽鸿,刘鑫,2016,天然云冷杉针阔混交林立地质量评价,东北林业大学学报,44(3):1-7)
Wang Q.Y.,Chen P.F.,Li X.D.,Feng Y.,Song X.Y.,and Fu L.Y.,2018,The review of forest health assessment methods,Nanjing Linye Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Sciences Edition)),42(2):177-183(王秋燕,陈鹏飞,李学东,冯岩,宋新宇,符利勇,2018,森林健康评价方法综述,南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),42(2):177-183)
Wu Y.H.,Tian X.H.,Tong Y.A.,Nan X.X.,Zhou M.,and Hou Y.H.,2010,Assessment of integrated soil fertility index based on principal components analysis,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),29(1):173-180(吴玉红,田霄鸿,同延安,南雄雄,周密,侯永辉,2010,基于主成分分析的土壤肥力综合指数评价,生态学杂志,29(1):173-180)
Xu L.,2014,Site quality evaluation of natural stands-taking an example of nature spruce-fir coniferous and broad-leave mixed stands in Jinggouling forestry station,Thesis for M.S.,Beijing Forestry University,Supervisor:Kang X.G.,pp.1-12(徐罗,2014,天然林立地质量评价---以金沟岭林场云冷杉针阔混交林为例,硕士学位论文,北京林业大学,导师:亢新刚,pp.1-12)
Yan H.C.,2005,The quality evaluation and sustainable management of the non-commercial forest,Dissertation for Ph.D.,Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering,China Agricultural University,Supervisor:Yang P.L.,pp.1-11(严会超,2005,生态公益林质量评价与可持续经营研究,博士学位论文,中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,导师:杨培岭,pp.1-11)
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