红花种质资源表型多样性分析
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摘要
以来自国内外的312份红花种质为材料,采用主成分分析与聚类分析,对6个主要表型性状进行多样性分析。结果表明:红花种质资源主要表型性状的遗传变异丰富。顶果球着粒数的多样性指数最高,其次是果球直径;单株种子产量的变异系数最大,其次是单株有效果球数。主成分分析表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率达78.30%,反映了6个性状的大部分信息。基于各种质间6个性状的差异,对312份红花种质进行聚类并划分为7大类群,第Ⅰ类群果球大、顶果球着粒数多,具有增产潜力;第Ⅲ类群综合表现最好,可作为高产育种材料;第Ⅵ类群籽粒大,可作为大粒型选育亲本;其余类群表现一般。该结果可为红花的有效利用及新品种选育提供科学依据。
The phenotypic diversity of 6 major phenotypic traits was analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis for 312 safflower germplasm resources from domestic and overseas. The results revealed that the genetic diversity of the major phenotypic traits in Safflower resources was abundant. The diversity index of the number of seeds in the top fruit was the highest, followed by the diameter of top fruit. The coefficient variation of the yield per plant was the highest, followed by the effective number of fruits per plant. The principal components analysis of 6 traits showed the first three principal components accounted for 78.30% accumulation contribution rate, reflecting most of the information of 6 traits. Based on the phenotypic difference of the 6 agronomic traits, the 312 safflower germplasm resources were divided into 7 groups. The resources of the first group had the largest fruits ball and seed number of top fruits,which had the potential for increasing yield. The third group had the best comprehensive performance and could be used as the material for high-yield breeding. The sixth group had large grains which could be used as the large-grain selection parent. The performance of other groups was average. This study would provide a scientific information for the effective utilization and breeding of safflower germplasm resources.
The phenotypic diversity of 6 major phenotypic traits was analyzed by principal component analysis and cluster analysis for 312 safflower germplasm resources from domestic and overseas. The results revealed that the genetic diversity of the major phenotypic traits in Safflower resources was abundant. The diversity index of the number of seeds in the top fruit was the highest, followed by the diameter of top fruit. The coefficient variation of the yield per plant was the highest, followed by the effective number of fruits per plant. The principal components analysis of 6 traits showed the first three principal components accounted for 78.30% accumulation contribution rate, reflecting most of the information of 6 traits. Based on the phenotypic difference of the 6 agronomic traits, the 312 safflower germplasm resources were divided into 7 groups. The resources of the first group had the largest fruits ball and seed number of top fruits,which had the potential for increasing yield. The third group had the best comprehensive performance and could be used as the material for high-yield breeding. The sixth group had large grains which could be used as the large-grain selection parent. The performance of other groups was average. This study would provide a scientific information for the effective utilization and breeding of safflower germplasm resources.
引文
[1]王兆木.世界红花种质资源评价与利用[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1993:1-5.
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[3]Feng Z M,He J,Jiang J S,et al.NMR solution structure study of the representative component hydroxysafflor yellow A and other quinochalcone c-glycosides from Carthamus tinctorius[J].Journal of Natural Products,2013,76(2):270-274.
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[5]厉妲,高云龙,何婉婉,等.红花及其白花变种中羟基红花黄色素A的含量测定[J].广州化工,2016,44(24):90-92.
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[9]万述伟,宋凤景,郝俊杰,等.国外豌豆种质资源农艺性状遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(1):10-18.
[10]朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
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[12]张向前,刘景辉,齐冰洁,等.燕麦种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(2):168-174.
[13]彭芹,戴双,郭骞欢,等.1950年以来山东省主推小麦品种的遗传多样性演变[J].分子植物育种,2012,10(2):228-237.
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[15]刘金,关建平,徐东旭,等.小扁豆种质资源形态标记遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2008,9(2):173-179.
[16]郭丽芬,徐宁生,张跃,等.云南红花种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(2):219-225.
[17]乔玲,陈红霖,王丽侠,等.国外绿豆种质资源农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(5):986-993.
[18]王丽侠,程须珍,王素华,等.中国绿豆核心种质资源在不同环境下的表型变异及生态适应性评价[J].作物学报,2014,40(4):739-744.
[19]方平,姚启伦,陈发波,等.茎瘤芥种质的表型遗传多样性分析[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(9):114-119.
[20]胡尊红,王沛琦,杨谨,等.红花分子标记研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(9):3586-3591.
[2]刘旭云,严兴初,杨谨.红花种质资源的保护与利用[M].云南:云南科技出版社,2018:7-9.
[3]Feng Z M,He J,Jiang J S,et al.NMR solution structure study of the representative component hydroxysafflor yellow A and other quinochalcone c-glycosides from Carthamus tinctorius[J].Journal of Natural Products,2013,76(2):270-274.
[4]陈梦,赵丕文,孙艳玲,等.红花及其主要成分的药理作用研究进展[J].环球中医药,2012,5(7):556-560.
[5]厉妲,高云龙,何婉婉,等.红花及其白花变种中羟基红花黄色素A的含量测定[J].广州化工,2016,44(24):90-92.
[6]Fernández-Martinez J,del Rio M,de Haro A.Survey of safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L.)germplasm for variants in fatty acid composition and other seed characters[J].Euphytica,1993,69(1):115-122.
[7]郭丽芬,张跃,胡尊红,等.地方红花种质资源的形态标记聚类分析[J].河南农业科学,2013,42(2):41-45,97.
[8]许兰杰,梁慧珍,余永亮,等.河南红花种质资源表型性状的综合评价[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(10):26-31.
[9]万述伟,宋凤景,郝俊杰,等.国外豌豆种质资源农艺性状遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2017,18(1):10-18.
[10]朱宗河,郑文寅,张学昆.甘蓝型油菜耐旱相关性状的主成分分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2011,44(9):1775-1787.
[11]聂石辉,彭琳,王仙,等.鹰嘴豆种质资源农艺性状遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(1):64-70.
[12]张向前,刘景辉,齐冰洁,等.燕麦种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2010,11(2):168-174.
[13]彭芹,戴双,郭骞欢,等.1950年以来山东省主推小麦品种的遗传多样性演变[J].分子植物育种,2012,10(2):228-237.
[14]杨建国,刘旭云,严兴初,等.红花种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007.
[15]刘金,关建平,徐东旭,等.小扁豆种质资源形态标记遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2008,9(2):173-179.
[16]郭丽芬,徐宁生,张跃,等.云南红花种质资源主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(2):219-225.
[17]乔玲,陈红霖,王丽侠,等.国外绿豆种质资源农艺性状的遗传多样性分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2015,16(5):986-993.
[18]王丽侠,程须珍,王素华,等.中国绿豆核心种质资源在不同环境下的表型变异及生态适应性评价[J].作物学报,2014,40(4):739-744.
[19]方平,姚启伦,陈发波,等.茎瘤芥种质的表型遗传多样性分析[J].河南农业科学,2012,41(9):114-119.
[20]胡尊红,王沛琦,杨谨,等.红花分子标记研究进展[J].分子植物育种,2017,15(9):3586-3591.