利用应力场预测热液区域——以TAG区为例
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摘要
本文根据TAG区的钻探资料及岩心测试结果,建立了双层地质模型,在此基础上利用ANSYS应力软件并结合TAG热液区的地形数据对该区进行应力模拟。结果表明:热液喷口区域与最大水平应力低值区有较好的对应关系。其中仍处于活动状态的TAG丘状体区呈现明显的局部最大水平应力低值;而已经停止活动并且不具有典型喷口地形的MIR丘状体区域则处于最大水平应力的非封闭低值区域。据此,本文在TAG丘状体区域圈定了5个喷口可能区域,钻探结果揭示区内存在较好的矿化和蚀变现象,表明应力场预测法可能是一种有效的成矿预测方法。
According to drilling data,two layer's model is established by corresponding physical properties.Based on topographic data,here we use ANSYS software to simulate the gravitational stress field of TAG hydrothermal field.The result shows that,the hydrothermal vent locations are corresponding to the low stress area of the maximum horizontal stress.The stress of the active TAG doom area are characterized by local stress low surrounding by relative stress high,and the inactive MIR doom area without typical hydrothermal vent topography features located on unclosed area of the maximum horizontal stress low.Based on these conclusions,we predicted five places where the hydrothermal liquid probably flew out.According to drilling result,significant anhydrite was recovered in these areas,indicating that gravitational stress could be used for hydrothermal activity prediction.
According to drilling data,two layer's model is established by corresponding physical properties.Based on topographic data,here we use ANSYS software to simulate the gravitational stress field of TAG hydrothermal field.The result shows that,the hydrothermal vent locations are corresponding to the low stress area of the maximum horizontal stress.The stress of the active TAG doom area are characterized by local stress low surrounding by relative stress high,and the inactive MIR doom area without typical hydrothermal vent topography features located on unclosed area of the maximum horizontal stress low.Based on these conclusions,we predicted five places where the hydrothermal liquid probably flew out.According to drilling result,significant anhydrite was recovered in these areas,indicating that gravitational stress could be used for hydrothermal activity prediction.
引文
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[18]Martel S J,Muller J R.A two-dimensional boundary element method for calculating elastic gravitational stresses in slopes[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2000,157(6/8):989-1007.
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[2]Schopa A,Pantaleo M,Walter T R.Scale-dependent location of hydrothermal vents:Stress field models and infrared field observations on the Fossa Cone,Volcano Island,Italy[J].Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,2011,203(3):133-145.
[3]侯明勋,葛修润,王水林.水力压裂法地应力测量中的几个问题[J].岩土力学,2003,24(5):840-844.Hou Mingxun,Ge Xiurun,Wang Shuilin.Discussion on application of hydraulic fracturing method to geostressmeasurement[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2003,24(5):840-844.
[4]何江达,谢红强,王启智,等.官地水电站坝址区初始地应力场反演分析[J].岩土工程学报,2009,31(2):166-171.He Jiangda,Xe Hongqiang,Wang Qizhi,et al.Inversion analysis of initial geostress in dam site of Guandi Hydropower Project[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2009,31(2):166-171.
[5]于崇,李海波,李国文,等.大连地下石油储备库地应力场反演分析[J].岩土力学,2010,31(12):3984-3990.Yu Chong,Li Haibo,Li Guowen,et al.Inversion analysis of initial stress field of Dalian underground oil storage cavern[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2010,31(12):3984-3990.
[6]金伟良,喻军华,邹道勤.模拟高边坡初始地应力场的边界位移法[J].土木工程学报,2003,36(10):72-75.Jin Weiliang,Yu Junhua,Zou Daoqin.A new method of simulating initial ground stress field in high slope[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2003,36(10):72-75.
[7]Buck W R,Lavier L L,Poliakov A N B.Modes of faulting at mid-ocean ridges[J].Nature,2005,434(7034):719-723.
[8]吴仲玮,孙晓明,王琰.中印度洋脊Edmond热液区多金属硫化物中超显微金银矿物的发现及其成矿意义[J].矿物学报,2013(2):670-671.Wu Zhongwei,Song Xiaoming,Wang Yan,et al.The discovery of native gold in massive sulfides from the Edmond hydrothermal field,Central Indian Ridge and its significance[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013(2):670-671.
[9]Petukhov S I,Anokhin V M,Mel'nikov M E,et al.Geodynamic features of the northwestern part of the Magellan Seamounts,Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of Geography and Geology,2015,7(1):35.
[10]Hyndman R D,Drury M J.The physical properties of oceanic basement rocks from deep drilling on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1976,81(23):4042-4052.
[11]白世伟,李光煜.二滩水电站坝区岩体应力场研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1982,1(1):45-56.Bai Shiwei,Li Guangyu.Research on stress field around dam area of Ertan Hydropower Station[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1982,1(1):45-56.
[12]柴贺军,刘浩吾,王明华.大型电站坝区应力场三维弹塑性有限元模拟与拟合[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(9):1314-1318.Cai Hejun,Liu Haowu,Wang Minghua.Stress field simulation and fitting by 3Delastoplasticity FEM for large hydropower project[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(9):1314-1318.
[13]Jacobs J A,Russell R D,Wilson J T.Physics and Geology[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1959.
[14]Evans R L.A seafloor gravity profile across the TAG hydrothermal mound[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1996,23(23):3447-3450.
[15]Humphris S E,Cann J R.Constraints on the energy and chemical balances of the modern TAG and ancient Cyprus seafloor sulfide deposits[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth(1978—2012),2000,105(B12):28477-28488.
[16]Rona P A,Hannington M D,Raman C V,et al.Active and relict sea-floor hydrothermal mineralization at the TAG hydrothermal field,Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Economic Geology(plus the Bulletin of the Society of Economic Geologists),1993,88(8):1989-1989.
[17]Tivey M K,Humphris S E,Thompson G,et al.Deducing patterns of fluid flow and mixing within the TAG active hydrothermal mound using mineralogical and geochemical data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1995,100(B7):12527-12555.
[18]Martel S J,Muller J R.A two-dimensional boundary element method for calculating elastic gravitational stresses in slopes[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2000,157(6/8):989-1007.
[19]Anderson E M.The dynamics of faulting and dyke formation with applications to Britain[M].Edinburgh:Oliver&Boyd,1951.
[20]Humphris S E.Rare earth element composition of anhydrite:implications for deposition and mobility within the active TAG hydrothermal mound[C]//Proceedings-Ocean Drilling Program Scientific Results.National Science Foundation,1998:143-162.