“2.23”昆明长水机场低空风切变分析及可预报时效估计
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摘要
随着航空事业的发展,飞机性能得到提高,但低空风切变仍然对航空安全构成威胁,为了解其发展规律,就昆明长水机场2017年2月23日发生的四次低空风切变进行了特征分析,揭示了风切变产生的水平及垂直风场的调整过程。分析发现,昆明机场特殊的地理位置造成冷锋推进速度缓慢;冷锋过境时,跑道两端出现风向和风速的不连续,造成跑道两端风向和风速均无法满足运行标准,导致跑道关闭;冷锋过境后,在跑道上60m决断高度附近形成水平风的垂直风切变,造成飞机复飞,对飞行安全造成较大影响。跑道道面上的风切变空间尺度小、存在时间长、而且风切变发生高度较低,并随时间变化,结合自动观测系统及风廓线雷达能更好的了解冷锋型风切变的特征,可以为航空飞行安全提供更精细化的服务。
With the development of the aviation industry,the aircraft performance is improved,But Low-level wind shear is still a threat to aviation safety. The characteristics of four low-level wind shear events at Kunming airport in February 23,2017 were analyzed. The analysis found that,the special geographical location caused by the cold front speed is slow,the cold front,at both ends of the runway appeared in the wind direction and velocity discontinuity,caused by wind speed and direction at both ends of the runway are unable to meet operating standards,resulting in the runway closed,after the cold front,60 m decision height is formed the strong vertical wind shear,causing the plane go around,resulting in a greater impact on flight safety.With automatic observation system and wind profile radar can better understand the characteristics of a Low-level wind shear,also provide more sophisticated services for aviation safety.
With the development of the aviation industry,the aircraft performance is improved,But Low-level wind shear is still a threat to aviation safety. The characteristics of four low-level wind shear events at Kunming airport in February 23,2017 were analyzed. The analysis found that,the special geographical location caused by the cold front speed is slow,the cold front,at both ends of the runway appeared in the wind direction and velocity discontinuity,caused by wind speed and direction at both ends of the runway are unable to meet operating standards,resulting in the runway closed,after the cold front,60 m decision height is formed the strong vertical wind shear,causing the plane go around,resulting in a greater impact on flight safety.With automatic observation system and wind profile radar can better understand the characteristics of a Low-level wind shear,also provide more sophisticated services for aviation safety.
引文
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[2]王朝霞.低空风切变对飞机起飞及着陆的影响[J].陕西气象,2001(4):9-11
[3]程勇.风切变与飞行[J].航空安全,2008,87:62-64
[4]张银昌,黄菲.一次低空水平风切变的小尺度特征分析[J].气象,2007,(33):10-14
[5]李秀连,付强,王科,等.风切变对飞行的影响及其预报时效分析[J].气象科技,2010,38(2):170-174
[6]徐海,周立,张潇.一次准静止锋影响下的昆明长水机场大雾过程分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2016,36(3):76-81
[7]张利平,陈阳权,朱国栋,等.乌鲁木齐机场冬季东南风引起的低空风切变个例分析[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,2016,6(6):45-50
[8]张利平,王春红.乌鲁木齐机场东南大风气象要素及水平风切变特征分析[A]//中国气象学会2006年年会“航空气象探测、预报、预警技术进展”分会场论文集[C].2006
[9]张泽娇,田子彦.风廓线雷达资料在暴雨前期预报中的应用[J].高原山地气象研究,2014,34(增刊):71-73
[10]孙天义.基于边界层风廓线雷达资料判别低空风切变[J].航空气象,2010:46-49
[11]朱乾根,林锦瑞,寿绍文,等.天气学原理和方法[M].北京:气象出版社,2000:69-77
[12]代冰冰,王杰,孙亚林.丽江机场地面风场特征及气象保障分析[J].高原山地气象研究,2016,36(1):86-90
[13]王钦,曾波.广汉机场春季地面风的变化特征及其对飞行训练的影响[J].高原山地气象研究,2017,37(2):36-39,71