脓毒症相关性血小板减少症的发病机制及研究进展
摘要
脓毒症是指宿主对感染产生的失控免疫应答反应,进而出现器官功能障碍。血小板数量的减少经常发生在严重脓毒症患者身上,血小板减少症的发生被认为与患者病死率的增加有关。明确脓毒症相关性血小板减少的原因以及机制,选择适当的治疗措施对患者进行治疗,对改善患者预后具有重要的意义。本文就脓毒症相关性血小板减少的原因、病理生理机制及分子机制的研究现状进行综述。
引文
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[26]Dopheide JF,Rubrech J,Trumpp A,et al.Leukocyteplateletaggregates-a phenotypic characterization of different stages ofperipheral arterial disease[J].Platelets,2016,27(7):658-667.
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[28]Metcalf Pate KA,Lyons CE,Dorsey JL,et al.Platelet activation and platelet-monocyte aggregate formation contribute to decreased platelet count during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection in pig-tailed macaques[J].J Infect Dis,2013,208(6):874-883.
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[33]Wu Q,Ren J,Wang G,et al.Evaluating the safety and efficacy of recombinant human thrombopoietin among severe sepsis patients with thrombocytopenia:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J].Trials,2015,16:220.
[2]Larkin CM,Santos-Martinez MJ,Ryan T,et al.Sepsis-associatedthrombocytopenia[J].Thromb Res,2016,141:11-16.
[3]Dewitte A,Lepreux S,Villeneuve J,et al.Blood platelets andsepsis pathophysiology:A new therapeutic prospect in critically illpatients?[J].Ann Intensive Care,2017,7(1):115.
[4]Linder A,Guh D,Boyd JH,et al.Long-term(10-year)mortality of younger previously healthy patients with severe sepsis/septic shock is worse than that of patients with nonseptic critical illness and of the general population[J].Crit Care Med,2014,42(10):2211-2218.
[5]Burunsuzoˇglu B,Saltürk C,Karakurt Z,et al.Thrombocytopenia:arisk factor ofmortality for patients with sepsis in the intensive careunit[J].Turk Thorac J,2016,17(1):7-14.
[6]de Stoppelaar SF,van't Veer C,van der Poll T.The role of platelets in sepsis[J].Thromb Haemost,2014,112(4):666-677.
[7]de Stoppelaar SF,van't Veer C,Claushuis TA,et al.Thrombocytopenia impairs host defense in gram-negative pneumonia-derived sepsis in mice[J].Blood,2014,124(25):3781-3790.
[8]Segre E,Pigozzi L,Lison D,et al.May thrombopoietin be a useful marker of sepsis severity assessment in patients with SIRS entering the emergency department?[J]Clin Chem Lab Med,2014,52(10):1479-483.
[9]Eissa DS,El-Farrash RA.New insights into thrombopoiesis in neonatal sepsis[J].Platelets,2013,24(2):122-128.
[10]Greinacher A,Selleng S.How I evaluate and treatthrombocytopenia in the intensive care unit patient[J].Blood,2016,128(26):3032-3042.
[11]Schwertz H,K¨oster S,Kahr WH,et al.Anucleate platelets generate progeny[J].Blood,2010,115(18):3801-3809.
[12]Cognasse F,Nguyen KA,Damien P,et al.The inflammatory role ofplatelets via their TLRs and siglec receptors[J].Front Immunol,2015,6:83.
[13]Junquera EC,Mateos-Hernández L,De La Fuente J,et al.Recentadvances in the development of anti-infective prophylactic and/ortherapeutic agents based on Toll-Like Receptor(TLRs)[J].Recent Pat Antiinfect Drug Discov,2014,9(1):14-24.
[14]Koyama K,Katayama S,Muronoi T,et al.Time course of immatureplatelet count and its relation to thrombocytopenia and mortality inpatients with sepsis[J].PLo S One,2018,13(1):e0192064.
[15]de Stoppelaar SF,Claushuis TA,Jansen MP,et al.The role ofplatelet MyD88 in host response during gram-negative sepsis[J].J Thromb Haemost,2015,13(9):1709-1720.
[16]Brotfain E,Schwartz A,Boniel A,et al.Clinical outcome ofcritically ill patients with thrombocytopenia and hypophosphatemiain the early stage of sepsis[J].Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther,2016,48(5):294-299.
[17]Yin H,Stojanovic-Terpo A,Xu W,et al.Role for platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX and effects of its inhibition in endotoxemia-induced thrombosis,thrombocytopenia,and mortality[J].Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2013,33(11):2529-2537.
[18]Kerrigan SW.The expanding field of platelet-bacterialinterconnections[J].Platelets,2015,26(4):293-301.
[19]Albert DH,Luo G,Magoc TJ,et al.ABT-299,a novel PAF antagonist,attenuates multiple effects of endotoxemia in conscious rats[J].Shock,1996,6(2):112-117.
[20]Vincent JL,Spapen H,Bakker J,et al.Phase II multicenter clinical study of the platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BB-882 in the treatment of sepsis[J].Crit Care Med,2000,28(3):638-642.
[21]Muronoi T,Koyama K,Nunomiya S,et al.Immature plateletfraction predicts coagulopathy-related platelet consumption andmortality in patients with sepsis[J].Thromb Res,2016,144:169-175.
[22]Coelho HC,Lopes SC,Pimentel JP,et al.Thrombocytopenia in Plasmodium vivax malaria is related to platelets phagocytosis[J].PLo S One,2013,8(5):e63410.
[23]Sheu JR,Hung WC,Wu CH,et al.Reduction in lipopolysaccharide-induced thrombocytopenia by triflavin in a rat model of septicemia[J].Circulation,1999,99(23):3056-62.
[24]Hurley SM,Lutay N,Holmqvist B,et al.The dynamics of platelet activation during the progression of streptococcal sepsis[J].PLo S One,2016,11(9):e0163531.
[25]Pieterse E,Rother N,Yanginlar C,et al.Neutrophils Discriminate between Lipopolysaccharides of Different Bacterial Sources and Selectively Release Neutrophil Extracellular Traps[J].Front Immunol,2016,7:484.
[26]Dopheide JF,Rubrech J,Trumpp A,et al.Leukocyteplateletaggregates-a phenotypic characterization of different stages ofperipheral arterial disease[J].Platelets,2016,27(7):658-667.
[27]Svensson L,Frick IM,Shannon O.Group G streptococci mediate fibrinogen-dependent platelet aggregation leading to transient entrapment in platelet aggregates[J].Microbiology,2016,162(1):117-126.
[28]Metcalf Pate KA,Lyons CE,Dorsey JL,et al.Platelet activation and platelet-monocyte aggregate formation contribute to decreased platelet count during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection in pig-tailed macaques[J].J Infect Dis,2013,208(6):874-883.
[29]Venkata C,Kashyap R,Farmer JC,et al.Thrombocytopenia in adult patients with sepsis:incidence,risk factors,and its association with clinical outcome[J].J Intensive Care,2013,1(1):9.
[30]Azkárate I,Choperena G,Salas E,et al.Epidemiology and prognostic factors in severe sepsis/septic shock.E-volution over six years[J].Med Intensiva,2016,40(1):18-25.
[31]Stevenson EK,Rubenstein AR,Radin GT,et al.Two decades of mortality trends among patients with severe sepsis:a comparative meta-analysis[J].Crit Care Med,2014,42(3):625-631.
[32]Wan B,Zhang H,Fu H,et al.Recombinant human interleukin-11(IL-11)is a protective factor in severe sepsis with thrombocytopenia:A case-control study[J].Cytokine,2015,76(2):138-143.
[33]Wu Q,Ren J,Wang G,et al.Evaluating the safety and efficacy of recombinant human thrombopoietin among severe sepsis patients with thrombocytopenia:study protocol for a randomized controlled trial[J].Trials,2015,16:220.