25份烟草品种(系)低温诱导早花耐易性鉴定及分类
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摘要
以25份烟草品种(系)为试材,苗期采用人工气候箱11℃低温诱导处理11 d。利用体视显微镜观察低温对花芽分化各个阶段的影响,并调查大田有效叶数、现蕾率及达到现蕾期所需天数,以相对早花指数(RE)和相对叶数减少指数(RL)为基础,采用聚类分析法对不同品种进行早花耐易性鉴定及分类。结果表明:25份烟草品种可分为耐早花品种、易早花品种2大类群及耐早花品种、较耐早花品种、较易早花品种和极易早花品种4个亚类群;相对早花指数和相对叶数减少指数在2大类群间均有极显著差异(P<0.01),在4个亚类群之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。耐早花品种类群包含耐早花和较耐早花2个亚群,易早花品种类群包含较易早花和极易早花2个亚群,基于相对早花指数(RE)和相对叶数减少指数(RL)通过聚类分析法对类群和亚类群的耐易性分类及鉴定结果基本相同。耐早花品种包括龙江981、K326、CV91和延晒9号4个品种,而极易早花亚类群仅包括NC82、NC89和建平大兰花3个品种。
Twenty-five tobacco varieties(lines) as materials, the seedlings were treated by low temperature at 11 ℃ in artificial climate box for eleven days. The effects of low temperature on various stages of flower bud differentiation were observed by stereomicroscope. Effective number of leaves, the rates of bud emergence and days required to reach budding stage at field stage were investigated. Classifications of tolerance of different varieties to early flowers were classified by the method of cluster analysis based on relative early flowering index(RE) and relative leaf number reduction index(RL). The results showed that 25 tobacco varieties could be divided into two groups(tolerant early flowering varieties and easy early flowering varieties) and four subgroups(tolerant early flowering varieties, more tolerant early flowering varieties, relatively easy early flowering varieties and extremely easy early flowering varieties). Relative early flowering index and relative leaf number reduction index all had extremely significant differences(P<0.01) between two groups and significant differences(P<0.05) among four subgroups. Based on the relative early flower index(RE) and the relative leaf number reduction index(RL), the classification and identification results of the group and subgroups were basically the same by cluster analysis. The early flower-tolerant varieties include four varieties of Longjiang 981, K326, CV91 and Yanshai No.9, while the extremely easy early flowering subgroup includes only three varieties of NC82, NC89 and Jianping dalanhua.
Twenty-five tobacco varieties(lines) as materials, the seedlings were treated by low temperature at 11 ℃ in artificial climate box for eleven days. The effects of low temperature on various stages of flower bud differentiation were observed by stereomicroscope. Effective number of leaves, the rates of bud emergence and days required to reach budding stage at field stage were investigated. Classifications of tolerance of different varieties to early flowers were classified by the method of cluster analysis based on relative early flowering index(RE) and relative leaf number reduction index(RL). The results showed that 25 tobacco varieties could be divided into two groups(tolerant early flowering varieties and easy early flowering varieties) and four subgroups(tolerant early flowering varieties, more tolerant early flowering varieties, relatively easy early flowering varieties and extremely easy early flowering varieties). Relative early flowering index and relative leaf number reduction index all had extremely significant differences(P<0.01) between two groups and significant differences(P<0.05) among four subgroups. Based on the relative early flower index(RE) and the relative leaf number reduction index(RL), the classification and identification results of the group and subgroups were basically the same by cluster analysis. The early flower-tolerant varieties include four varieties of Longjiang 981, K326, CV91 and Yanshai No.9, while the extremely easy early flowering subgroup includes only three varieties of NC82, NC89 and Jianping dalanhua.
引文
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[17] 王家川,吴国贺,冯月,等.33份烟草品种(系)抗TMV病鉴定与评价分析[J].吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(06):656-662.
[18] 刘建峰.烟草早花产生的原因及生产对策[J].陕西农业科学,2005(2):91,130.
[19] 金磊.诱导烤烟早花的相关因素研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2008.
[20] 刘秀丽,招启柏,袁莉民.烟草花芽分化的形态建成观察[J].中国烟草科学,2003(1):9-11.
[2] 王浏杰.烟草早花与苗期低温的相关性研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2017.
[3] 史世民,尤升波,刘文浩.烤烟早花的成因及预防措施[J].农业知识,2010(10):49.
[4] Lang A.Physiology of flower initiation[A].In:Ruhland W.Encyclopeedia of plant phusiology[C].Berlin:Springerverlag,1995.1380-1382.
[5] 王晓彦.低温诱导烟草早花相关因子的分析[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2009.
[6] 刘国顺.烟草栽培学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2003,269-274.
[7] 郭红雁,陈建军,吕永华.抗早花烤烟新品系“华烟06”研究初报[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(28):135-138.
[8] 周冀衡,庄江,林桂花,等.烟草苗期去叶处理对控制早花现象的作用[J].中国烟草科学,2001(3):38-41.
[9] 孙俊佳.低温诱导下吉烟9号花芽分化进程及相关酶变化规律的研究[D].延吉:延边大学,2014.
[10] 段玉琪,晋艳,杨宇虹,等.体视显微镜法观察烤烟花芽分化的研究[J].中国农学通报2011,27(3):143-146.
[11] 吴委林,金大勇,艾哈迈德,等.人工诱发条件下玉米自交系对红蜘蛛的抗性鉴定及抗感性分类[J].吉林农业大学学报,2015,37(01):19-25.
[12] 金磊,晋艳,周冀衡,等.烟草早花机理及调控的研究进展[J].中国烟草学报,2008,14(1):58-62.
[13] 艾哈迈德,金大勇,康泽然,等.玉米抗螨性的大棚人工诱发鉴定与评价分析[J].延边大学农学学报,2015,37(1):1-6.
[14] 王慧颖.烟草种质资源形态学标记与SSR分子标记遗传多样性研究[D].延吉:延边大学.2015.
[15] 陈军辉,谢明勇,王凤美,等.聚类分析法用于西洋参样品分类研究[J].分析测试学报,2006,25(2):20-24.
[16] 陈博,吴委林,郑大浩,等.人工诱发条件下41份烟草品种(系)对PVY的抗性鉴定及抗性分类[J].延边大学农学学报,2017,39(01):9-15.
[17] 王家川,吴国贺,冯月,等.33份烟草品种(系)抗TMV病鉴定与评价分析[J].吉林农业大学学报,2016,38(06):656-662.
[18] 刘建峰.烟草早花产生的原因及生产对策[J].陕西农业科学,2005(2):91,130.
[19] 金磊.诱导烤烟早花的相关因素研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2008.
[20] 刘秀丽,招启柏,袁莉民.烟草花芽分化的形态建成观察[J].中国烟草科学,2003(1):9-11.