区块链系统分布式计算的ADMM算法及其在主动配电网中的应用
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摘要
区块链作为一种新颖的计算机技术,由于具备诸多的优点,其在未来主动配电网中有较大的应用潜力。因此如何将配电网中的集中式优化任务融入区块链系统的分布式计算模块是亟待解决的问题。以配电网动态经济调度优化的分布式建模为例,借助二阶锥规划(secondorder cone programming,SOCP)凸松弛理论,参考了IEC61970标准中CIM的建模思想,将传统的配电网耦合模型转换为一种分散式的电气模型;并提出一种运行于区块链上的基于交替方向乘子法(alternatingdirection method of multipliers,ADMM)的分布式最优潮流求解方法,从而使传统集中式优化在未来主动配电网中所面临的诸多难题得以解决。该方法无需对配电网进行全局协调或分层分区,仅利用区块链相邻节点间少量的通信即可通过并行计算得出模型的全局最优解。
As a novel computer technology, block chain has great potential in the future active distribution network due to its advantages. Therefore, how to integrate the centralized optimization task of distribution network into the distributed computing module of block chain system is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, the distributed model of dynamic economic dispatch optimization of distribution network was taken as an example. With the help of convex relaxation theory of second-order cone programming(SOCP), the traditional coupling model of distribution network was transformed into a decentralized electrical model by referring to CIM in IEC61970 standard. A distributed optimal power flow solution method based on alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM) algorithm running on block chain was proposed, which can solve many problems faced by traditional centralized optimization in future active distribution network. The proposed method does not need global coordination or hierarchical partitioning of distribution network, but only a small amount of communication between adjacent nodes of block chain was used to obtain the global optimal solution of the model through parallel computation.
As a novel computer technology, block chain has great potential in the future active distribution network due to its advantages. Therefore, how to integrate the centralized optimization task of distribution network into the distributed computing module of block chain system is an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, the distributed model of dynamic economic dispatch optimization of distribution network was taken as an example. With the help of convex relaxation theory of second-order cone programming(SOCP), the traditional coupling model of distribution network was transformed into a decentralized electrical model by referring to CIM in IEC61970 standard. A distributed optimal power flow solution method based on alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM) algorithm running on block chain was proposed, which can solve many problems faced by traditional centralized optimization in future active distribution network. The proposed method does not need global coordination or hierarchical partitioning of distribution network, but only a small amount of communication between adjacent nodes of block chain was used to obtain the global optimal solution of the model through parallel computation.
引文
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[2]Wang M Q,Gooi H B,Chen S X,et al.A mixed integer quadratic programming for dynamic economic dispatch with valve point effect[J].IEEE Trans..on Power Systems,2014(99):1-10.
[3]李佩杰,陆镛,白晓清,等.基于交替方向乘子法的动态经济调度分散式优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2428-2435.
[4]杨明,韩学山,梁军,等.计及用户停电损失的动态经济调度方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(31):103-108.
[5]丁涛,郭庆来,柏瑞,等.考虑风电不确定性的区间经济调度模型及空间分支定界法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(22):3707-3714.
[6]刘德伟,郭剑波,黄越辉,等.基于风电功率概率预测和运行风险约束的含风电场电力系统动态经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(16):9-15.
[7]翁振星,石立宝,徐政,等.计及风电成本的电力系统动态经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(4):514-523.
[8]Niknam T,Azizipanah-Abarghooee R,Aghaei J.A new modified teaching-learning algorithm for reserve constrained dynamic economic dispatch[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Systems,2013,28(2):749-763.
[9]Jabr R A,Coonick A H,Cory B J.A homogeneous linear programming algorithm for the security constrained economic dispatch problem[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Systems,2000,15(3):930-936.
[10]Chen C.Non-convex economic dispatch:A direct search approach[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2007,48(1):219-225.
[11]Papageorgiou L G,Fraga E S.A mixed integer quadratic programming formulation for the economic dispatch of generators with prohibited operating zones[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2007,77(10):1292-1296.
[12]Li Z G,Wu W C,Zhang B M,et al.Dynamic economic dispatch using lagrangian relaxation with multiplier updates based on a quasi-newton method[J].IEEETrans.on Power Systems,2013,28(4):4516-4527.
[13]Travers D L,Kaye R J.Dynamic dispatch by constructive dynamic programming[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Systems,1998,13(1):72-78.
[14]Balamurugan R,Subramanian.Differential evolution based dynamic economic dispatch of generating units with valve-point effects[J].Electric Power Components and Systems,2008,36(8):828-843.
[15]王玺,杨秀媛,范新桥,等.潮流分析和鸟群优化在风水协同运行中的应用[J].发电技术,2018,39(2):171-176.
[16]袁越,吴涵,陆丹,等.含高渗透率分布式电源的主动配电系统规划综述[J].分布式能源,2016,1(1):6-13.
[17]蒋煜,丁晓群,郑程拓,等.含电动汽车的主动配电网分布式电源规划[J].广东电力,2017,30(7):1-6.
[18]顾水福,张媛,陈西颖.主动配电网规划方法研究[J].发电技术,2018,39(3):220-225.
[19]Boyd S,Parikh N,Chu E,et al.Distributed optimization and statistical learning via the alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning,2010,3(1):1-122.
[20]Zhang B S,Tse D.Geometry of injection regions of power networks[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Systems,2013,28(2):788-797.