页岩气压裂用环保型降阻剂的制备
|
摘要
采用双水相分散聚合制备水包水(W/W)型聚丙烯酰胺乳液,得到应用于页岩气滑溜水压裂液的环保型水包水降阻剂。考察相分离剂、分散稳定剂、引发体系、单体含量和温度对水包水系统聚合稳定性的影响。结果表明:采用(NH_4)_2SO_4和Na_2SO_4混合物为相分离剂、水解聚丙烯酰胺为分散稳定剂、K2S2O8-Na HSO_3为引发剂、单体丙烯酰胺质量分数为18%,在30℃下聚合,聚合过程平稳可控,聚合产物析出分散稳定,所得产物配制降阻剂同常规压裂助剂配伍,在30 L/min排量下,降阻率达到67%,可作为常规油包水降阻剂的环保型替代品。
Water-in-water(W/W) polyacrylamide emulsion,as an environmental benign drag reducer for slick water fracturing fluid used in shale gas stimulation operation,was prepared by aqueous two-phase dispersion polymerization. The effects of phase separation agent,dispersion stabilizer,initiator system,monomer content,and reaction temperature on the polymerization stability of water-in-water system were investigated.Results showed that with the reaction parameter of the mixture of sodium and potassium sulfate as phase separation agent,the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide as dispersion stabilizer,potassium persulfate-sodium bisulfite as polymerization initiator,the monomer acrylamide concentration of 18%,and polymerization temperature of 30 ℃,the polymerization process was stable and controllable. The precipitation and dispersion of the polymerization product were stable,and the obtained product was compatible with conventional fracturing fluid aid.The drag reduction rate of obtained product was 67% at pump rate of 30 L/min,which could be used as environmental benign alternatives of conventional waterin-oil(W/O) drag reducer.
Water-in-water(W/W) polyacrylamide emulsion,as an environmental benign drag reducer for slick water fracturing fluid used in shale gas stimulation operation,was prepared by aqueous two-phase dispersion polymerization. The effects of phase separation agent,dispersion stabilizer,initiator system,monomer content,and reaction temperature on the polymerization stability of water-in-water system were investigated.Results showed that with the reaction parameter of the mixture of sodium and potassium sulfate as phase separation agent,the hydrolyzed polyacrylamide as dispersion stabilizer,potassium persulfate-sodium bisulfite as polymerization initiator,the monomer acrylamide concentration of 18%,and polymerization temperature of 30 ℃,the polymerization process was stable and controllable. The precipitation and dispersion of the polymerization product were stable,and the obtained product was compatible with conventional fracturing fluid aid.The drag reduction rate of obtained product was 67% at pump rate of 30 L/min,which could be used as environmental benign alternatives of conventional waterin-oil(W/O) drag reducer.
引文
[1]江怀友,宋新民,安晓璇,等.世界页岩气资源勘探开发现状与展望[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(6):10.
[2]蒋官澄,许伟星,李颖颖,等.国外降阻水压裂液技术及其研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(1):1.
[3] LUMLEY J L. Drag reduction in turbulent flow by polymer additives[J]. Journal of polymer science(macromolecular reviews),1973,7(1):263.
[4]陈作,薛承瑾,蒋廷学,等.页岩气井体积压裂技术在我国的应用建议[J].天然气工业,2010,30(10):30.
[5] SUN H,QU Q.A method of slickwater fracturing:WO2013019308A1[P].2013-07-02.
[6] CHATTERJI J,KING K L,MCMECHAN D E. Subterranean treatment fluids,friction reducing copolymers,and associated methods:US7004254B1[P].2006-02-28.
[7]刘通义,赵众从,罗平亚,等.一种页岩气压裂用降阻剂及其制备方法:102977877A[P].2013-03-20.
[8]刘通义,向静,赵众从,等.滑溜水压裂液中降阻剂的制备及特性研究[J].应用化工,2013,42(3):484.
[9] SUN H,WOOD B,STEVENS R F,et al.A nondamaging friction reducer for slick water frac applications[C]∥SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. Woodlands:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2011.
[10]陈冬年,刘晓光,张文德,等.盐水介质中丙烯酰胺与阳离子单体的分散共聚合研究[J].高分子学报,2006(12):1074.
[11] SONG B K,CHO M S,YOON K J. Dispersion polymerization of acrylamide with quaternary ammonium cationic comonomer in aqueous solution[J].Journal of applied polymer science,2003,87(7):1101.
[2]蒋官澄,许伟星,李颖颖,等.国外降阻水压裂液技术及其研究进展[J].特种油气藏,2013,20(1):1.
[3] LUMLEY J L. Drag reduction in turbulent flow by polymer additives[J]. Journal of polymer science(macromolecular reviews),1973,7(1):263.
[4]陈作,薛承瑾,蒋廷学,等.页岩气井体积压裂技术在我国的应用建议[J].天然气工业,2010,30(10):30.
[5] SUN H,QU Q.A method of slickwater fracturing:WO2013019308A1[P].2013-07-02.
[6] CHATTERJI J,KING K L,MCMECHAN D E. Subterranean treatment fluids,friction reducing copolymers,and associated methods:US7004254B1[P].2006-02-28.
[7]刘通义,赵众从,罗平亚,等.一种页岩气压裂用降阻剂及其制备方法:102977877A[P].2013-03-20.
[8]刘通义,向静,赵众从,等.滑溜水压裂液中降阻剂的制备及特性研究[J].应用化工,2013,42(3):484.
[9] SUN H,WOOD B,STEVENS R F,et al.A nondamaging friction reducer for slick water frac applications[C]∥SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference. Woodlands:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2011.
[10]陈冬年,刘晓光,张文德,等.盐水介质中丙烯酰胺与阳离子单体的分散共聚合研究[J].高分子学报,2006(12):1074.
[11] SONG B K,CHO M S,YOON K J. Dispersion polymerization of acrylamide with quaternary ammonium cationic comonomer in aqueous solution[J].Journal of applied polymer science,2003,87(7):1101.