生长调节剂对降香黄檀营养生长与生殖生长的影响
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摘要
【目的】研究生长调节剂对降香黄檀Dalbergia odorifera营养生长与生殖生长的影响,为不同经营目标的降香黄檀人工林生产提供技术支撑。【方法】以10年生降香黄檀为研究材料,采用随机区组试验设计,通过叶面喷施3种不同浓度的赤霉素(GA3)、多效唑(PP333)和6-苄氨基嘌呤(6-BA),测定盛花期内一年生新梢、花、叶的形态生长和干质量变化,再运用统计分析软件,对各种生长调节剂处理后营养生长和生殖生长的变化规律进行分析。【结果】不同种类和不同浓度的生长调节剂对降香黄檀营养生长和生殖生长的影响差异均达显著水平(P<0.05)。叶面喷施200、100 mg·L~(-1)的GA3和500 mg·L~(-1)的6-BA均能显著促进降香黄檀的营养生长,抑制其生殖生长;其中,200 mg·L~(-1)的GA3对生殖生长的抑制效果最理想,施用后其营养枝率比对照显著提高140.84%,花序数显著降低79.41%;100 mg·L~(-1)的GA3对营养生长效果显著,施用后其营养枝枝长、直径、复叶数和单叶干质量分别比对照提高218.08%、120.70%、132.38%和217.33%,且均达显著水平。1 500、2 000 mg·L~(-1)的PP333和50 mg·L~(-1)的6-BA均能显著促进降香黄檀的生殖生长,以2 000 mg·L~(-1)的PP333作用效果较好,处理后其花枝率、花序数量和花序径依次比对照提高73.50%、50.37%和31.30%,且均达显著水平。【结论】降香黄檀人工林培育中,叶面喷施200或100 mg·L~(-1) GA3能显著抑制生殖生长、促进营养生长,有利于大径级木材培育,2 000 mg·L~(-1)的PP333则有利于生殖生长,有利于良种壮苗生产。
【Objective】To investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on vegetative and reproductive growth of Dalbergia odorifera, and provide useful suggestions for plantation management of D. odorifera with different purposes.【Method】We set up a randomized block experiment using 10-year-old D. odorifera. Leaves were sprayed with three different concentrations of gibberellin(GA3), paclobutrazol(PP333) or benzyladenine(6-BA). Changes in morphology, growth and dry weight of 1-year-old branch, flower and leaf at full-bloom stage were measured. Thechanging patterns of vegetative and reproductive growth after treating with plant growth regulators were investigated using statistical analysis software.【Result】Both type and concentration of plant growth regulators caused significant differences in vegetative and reproductive growth of D. odorifera(P<0.05). Foliar application of 200, 100 mg·L~(-1) GA3 or 500 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA significantly promoted vegetative growth of D. odorifera, while inhibited reproductive growth.Application of 200 mg·L~(-1) GA3 had the best inhibition effect on reproductive growth with the ratio of vegetative branch increased by 140.84% and inflorescence number reduced by 79.41% compared to control(P<0.05).Application of 100 mg·L~(-1) GA3 had the best promoting effect on vegetative growth with the vegetative branch length and diameter, compound leaf number and dry weight of simple leaf increased by 218.08%, 120.70%, 132.38% and217.33% compared to control(P<0.05). On the other hand, foliar application of 1 500, 2 000 mg·L~(-1) PP333 and 50mg·L~(-1) 6-BA significantly promoted the reproductive growth of D. odorifera. Application of 2 000 mg·L~(-1) PP333 had the best promoting effect on reproductive growth with the ratio of reproductive branch, the number and diameter of inflorescence increased by 73.50%, 50.37% and 31.30% respectively compared to control(P<0.05).【Conclusion】For plantation management of D. odorifera, foliar application of 200 mg·L~(-1) or 100 mg·L~(-1) GA3 can inhibit reproductive growth and promote vegetative growth, and should be used for large timber production. Foliar application of 2 000 mg·L~(-1) PP333 can promote reproductive growth, and should be suitable for selective breeding.
【Objective】To investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on vegetative and reproductive growth of Dalbergia odorifera, and provide useful suggestions for plantation management of D. odorifera with different purposes.【Method】We set up a randomized block experiment using 10-year-old D. odorifera. Leaves were sprayed with three different concentrations of gibberellin(GA3), paclobutrazol(PP333) or benzyladenine(6-BA). Changes in morphology, growth and dry weight of 1-year-old branch, flower and leaf at full-bloom stage were measured. Thechanging patterns of vegetative and reproductive growth after treating with plant growth regulators were investigated using statistical analysis software.【Result】Both type and concentration of plant growth regulators caused significant differences in vegetative and reproductive growth of D. odorifera(P<0.05). Foliar application of 200, 100 mg·L~(-1) GA3 or 500 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA significantly promoted vegetative growth of D. odorifera, while inhibited reproductive growth.Application of 200 mg·L~(-1) GA3 had the best inhibition effect on reproductive growth with the ratio of vegetative branch increased by 140.84% and inflorescence number reduced by 79.41% compared to control(P<0.05).Application of 100 mg·L~(-1) GA3 had the best promoting effect on vegetative growth with the vegetative branch length and diameter, compound leaf number and dry weight of simple leaf increased by 218.08%, 120.70%, 132.38% and217.33% compared to control(P<0.05). On the other hand, foliar application of 1 500, 2 000 mg·L~(-1) PP333 and 50mg·L~(-1) 6-BA significantly promoted the reproductive growth of D. odorifera. Application of 2 000 mg·L~(-1) PP333 had the best promoting effect on reproductive growth with the ratio of reproductive branch, the number and diameter of inflorescence increased by 73.50%, 50.37% and 31.30% respectively compared to control(P<0.05).【Conclusion】For plantation management of D. odorifera, foliar application of 200 mg·L~(-1) or 100 mg·L~(-1) GA3 can inhibit reproductive growth and promote vegetative growth, and should be used for large timber production. Foliar application of 2 000 mg·L~(-1) PP333 can promote reproductive growth, and should be suitable for selective breeding.
引文
[1]李彦连,张爱民.植物营养生长与生殖生长辨证关系解析[J].中国园艺文摘,2012,28(2):36-37.
[2]樊金拴,陈原国,李凯荣,等.土壤水分状况对核桃生长和发育的影响[J].林业科学,2006,42(12):39-46.
[3]YESHITELA T,ROBBERTSE P J,STASSEN P J C.Paclobutrazol suppressed vegetative growth and improved yield as well as fruit quality of‘Tommy Atkins’mango(Mangifera indica)in Ethiopia[J].New Zeal J Crop Hort Sci,2004,32(3):281-293.
[4]GHOSH A,CHIKARA J,CHAUDHARY D R,et al.Paclobutrazol arrests vegetative growth and unveils unexpressed yield potential of Jatropha curcas[J].JPlant Growth Regul,2010,29(3):307-315.
[5]GHOSH A,CHIKARA J,CHAUDHARY D R.Diminution of economic yield as affected by pruning and chemical manipulation of Jatropha curcas L.[J].Biomass Bioenerg,2011,35(3):1021-1029.
[6]宋娟,陈茂盛,李家龙,等.土施多效唑对小桐子营养生长与生殖生长的影响[J].植物分类与资源学报,2013,35(2):173-179.
[7]刘红明,李晶,朱春华,等.多效唑对柠檬营养生长和生殖生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2013,44(10):1694-1699.
[8]吴淑平.茶树营养生长与生殖生长的关系及调控方法[J].中国园艺文摘,2011,27(5):182-183.
[9]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:一部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010:213-214.
[10]倪臻,王凌晖,吴国欣,等.降香黄檀引种栽培技术研究概述[J].福建林业科技,2008,35(2):265-268.
[11]蒋凡,邓力,覃林海.来宾市降香黄檀营林分析[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(4):67-68.
[12]李凯夫,邓和大,陈策.降香檀香沉香树木栽培与应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2015:79.
[13]郑宝强,王雁,彭镇华,等.不同生长调节剂处理对卡特兰开花的影响[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(5):744-749.
[14]徐欢.文冠果花蕾期和盛花期花性状多尺度分析[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.
[15]陆生泉.生长调节剂TDS对锥栗生长调控效果的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2001,21(4):363-366.
[16]杨炜茹,张彦广,石秀霞.矮壮素对地榆株高及内源激素含量变化的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2006,29(1):12-15.
[17]王春昕.光对切花菊‘神马’生长和开花的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[18]孙颖,陈显,刘儒,等.不同浓度赤霉素处理对油桐花芽分化的影响[J].经济林研究,2014,32(1):97-100.
[19]陈国臣,曾雯珺,金颐熙,等.6-BA和赤霉素对油茶穗条生长发育及内源激素的影响[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(1):5-9.
[20]王广鹏,孔德军,刘庆香,等.几种化学调节剂对板栗杂交实生苗提早开花和生长的影响[J].河北农业科学,2006,10(3):36-39.
[21]娄成后,张蜀秋.高等植物生长发育中同化物的转移[J].科学通报,2011,56(30):2446-2460.
[2]樊金拴,陈原国,李凯荣,等.土壤水分状况对核桃生长和发育的影响[J].林业科学,2006,42(12):39-46.
[3]YESHITELA T,ROBBERTSE P J,STASSEN P J C.Paclobutrazol suppressed vegetative growth and improved yield as well as fruit quality of‘Tommy Atkins’mango(Mangifera indica)in Ethiopia[J].New Zeal J Crop Hort Sci,2004,32(3):281-293.
[4]GHOSH A,CHIKARA J,CHAUDHARY D R,et al.Paclobutrazol arrests vegetative growth and unveils unexpressed yield potential of Jatropha curcas[J].JPlant Growth Regul,2010,29(3):307-315.
[5]GHOSH A,CHIKARA J,CHAUDHARY D R.Diminution of economic yield as affected by pruning and chemical manipulation of Jatropha curcas L.[J].Biomass Bioenerg,2011,35(3):1021-1029.
[6]宋娟,陈茂盛,李家龙,等.土施多效唑对小桐子营养生长与生殖生长的影响[J].植物分类与资源学报,2013,35(2):173-179.
[7]刘红明,李晶,朱春华,等.多效唑对柠檬营养生长和生殖生长的影响[J].南方农业学报,2013,44(10):1694-1699.
[8]吴淑平.茶树营养生长与生殖生长的关系及调控方法[J].中国园艺文摘,2011,27(5):182-183.
[9]国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典:一部[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010:213-214.
[10]倪臻,王凌晖,吴国欣,等.降香黄檀引种栽培技术研究概述[J].福建林业科技,2008,35(2):265-268.
[11]蒋凡,邓力,覃林海.来宾市降香黄檀营林分析[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(4):67-68.
[12]李凯夫,邓和大,陈策.降香檀香沉香树木栽培与应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2015:79.
[13]郑宝强,王雁,彭镇华,等.不同生长调节剂处理对卡特兰开花的影响[J].林业科学研究,2010,23(5):744-749.
[14]徐欢.文冠果花蕾期和盛花期花性状多尺度分析[D].北京:北京林业大学,2014.
[15]陆生泉.生长调节剂TDS对锥栗生长调控效果的研究[J].福建林学院学报,2001,21(4):363-366.
[16]杨炜茹,张彦广,石秀霞.矮壮素对地榆株高及内源激素含量变化的影响[J].河北农业大学学报,2006,29(1):12-15.
[17]王春昕.光对切花菊‘神马’生长和开花的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[18]孙颖,陈显,刘儒,等.不同浓度赤霉素处理对油桐花芽分化的影响[J].经济林研究,2014,32(1):97-100.
[19]陈国臣,曾雯珺,金颐熙,等.6-BA和赤霉素对油茶穗条生长发育及内源激素的影响[J].广西林业科学,2014,43(1):5-9.
[20]王广鹏,孔德军,刘庆香,等.几种化学调节剂对板栗杂交实生苗提早开花和生长的影响[J].河北农业科学,2006,10(3):36-39.
[21]娄成后,张蜀秋.高等植物生长发育中同化物的转移[J].科学通报,2011,56(30):2446-2460.