食品安全监督抽检抽样工作中存在的问题及其改进建议
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摘要
食品是人类赖以生存和发展的基本物质之一[1],食品安全问题事关人民群众身体健康和国计民生。近些年来,我国食品安全事故时有发生,频频曝光的食品安全事件屡次刺痛国人"脆弱"的神经,食品安全问题也反复被推至舆论的风口浪尖。食品安全监督抽检是有效防范和及时化解食品安全风险隐患的主要手段,食品安全抽样工作是食品安全抽样检验工作的重要前提和关键性基础。本文结合笔者多年从事食品安全抽样工作经验,梳理了食品安全监督抽检抽样工作中存在的主要问题,并提出相应的改进建议,旨在提高食品安全抽样工作质量。
Food is one of the basic substances for human survival and development, and food safety is related to people's livelihood and health. In recent years, food safety incidents have occurred frequently in China, which have repeatedly hurt the "fragile" nerves of the Chinese people, and food safety issues have been repeatedly pushed to the cusp of public opinion. Sample inspection of food safety supervision is the main means to effectively prevent and timely resolve the hidden dangers of food safety risks, and food safety sampling is the important prerequisite and key basis for food safety sampling inspection. Based on the author's experience in food safety sampling work for many years, this paper analyzed the main problems in the sampling of food safety supervision sampling, and put forward suggestions for corresponding problems, in order to improve the quality of food safety sampling.
Food is one of the basic substances for human survival and development, and food safety is related to people's livelihood and health. In recent years, food safety incidents have occurred frequently in China, which have repeatedly hurt the "fragile" nerves of the Chinese people, and food safety issues have been repeatedly pushed to the cusp of public opinion. Sample inspection of food safety supervision is the main means to effectively prevent and timely resolve the hidden dangers of food safety risks, and food safety sampling is the important prerequisite and key basis for food safety sampling inspection. Based on the author's experience in food safety sampling work for many years, this paper analyzed the main problems in the sampling of food safety supervision sampling, and put forward suggestions for corresponding problems, in order to improve the quality of food safety sampling.
引文
[1]徐小梅.酒及食用油中一些污染物分析新方法研究[D].南昌:南昌大学,2018.Xu XM.Study on the new analytical methods of some pollutants in wine and edible oils[D].Nanchang:Nanchang University,2018.
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[4]中华人民共和国产品质量法[EB/OL].[2017-07-10].http://www.cnca.gov.cn/bsdt/ywzl/flyzcyj/zcfg/200809/t20080925_36654.shtml.Law of the People's Republic of China on product quality[EB/OL].[2017-07-10].http://www.cnca.gov.cn/bsdt/ywzl/flyzcyj/zcfg/200809/t20080925_36654.shtml.
[5]食品药品监管总局关于做好食品安全抽检及信息发布工作的意见[食药监食监三(2015)64号][EB/OL].[2015-06-08].http://www.sda.gov.cn/WS01/CL1201/121161.html.Opinions of the general administration of food and drug supervision ondoing good food safety inspection and information dissemination[CFAD food supervision division 3(2015)64][EB/OL].[2015-06-08].http://www.sda.gov.cn/WS01/CL1201/121161.html.
[6]王庆峰,郎乐,包懿,等.食品检验中的随机性与代表性[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2019,10(6):1445-1448.Wang QF,Lang L,Bao Y,et al.Randomness and representativeness in food inspection[J].J Food Saf Qual,2019,10(6):1445-1448.
[7]吴遥,李越凡.试论食品抽样工作的风险与防控[J].现代食品,2018,(4):11-14.Wu Y,Li YF.Discussion on the risk and prevention of food sampling[J].Mod Food,2018,(4):11-14.
[8]国家食品药品监督管理总局.食品安全抽样检验管理办法(总局令第11号)[EB/OL].[2014-12-31].http://samr.cfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0053/111725.html.China Food and Drug Administration.Administrative measures for sampling inspection of food safety(Order No.11)[EB/OL].[2014-12-31].http://samr.cfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0053/111725.html.
[9]陈章捷.食品安全监督抽样环节存在的风险和对策建议[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2018,9(23):6309-6312.Chen ZJ.Risks and countermeasures in the sampling of food safety supervision[J].J Food Saf Qual,2018,9(23):6309-6312.
[10]杨梅,邹敏.食品检验报告常见差错总结及改进建议[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2019,10(5):1371-1374.Yang M,Zou M.Summary of common errors and suggestions for improvement in food inspection report[J].J Food Saf Qual,2019,10(5):1371-1374.
[11]王生华,李俊波,林晓萍.畜产品抽样工作中存在的问题及对策[J].湖北畜牧兽医,2014,35(6):91-92.Wang SH,Li JB,Lin XP.Problems and countermeasures in sampling livestock products[J].Hubei J Anim Husb Vet Sci,2014,35(6):91-92.
[12]朱梦晗,李锦华,张霞.浅析产品质量监督抽查中抽样的有效性[J].工业计量,2016,26(6):14-15.Zhu MH,Li JH,Zhang X.Analysis on the validity of sampling in product quality supervision and spot check[J].Ind Metrol,2016,26(6):14-15.
[13]市场监管总局关于印发2019年食品安全监督抽检计划的通知[EB/OL].[2019-02-01].http://gkml.samr.gov.cn/nsjg/bgt/201902/t20190217_289802.html.State administration for market regulation notice on the publication of the2019 food safety supervised sampling plan[EB/OL].[2019-02-01].http://gkml.samr.gov.cn/nsjg/bgt/201902/t20190217_289802.html.
[14]国家食品药品监督管理总局.食药监办食监三(2015)35号关于印发食品安全监督抽检和风险监测工作规范的通知[EB/OL].[2015-03-03].http://www.eshian.com/laws/45364.html.China Food and Drug Administration.Food and drug administration food surveillance No.3(2015)35 Notice concerning the issuance and printing of work specifications for sampling inspection and risk monitoring of food safety supervision[EB/OL].[2015-03-03].http://www.eshian.com/laws/45364.html.
[15]国家食品安全监督抽检实施细则(2019年版)[S].Implementation rules of national food safety supervision sampling inspection(2019 edition)[S].
[16]林蔚.浅谈监督抽查中的抽样[J].中国新技术新产品,2013,(14):181-182.Lin W.Talking about the sampling in the supervision and spot check[J].New Technol New Prod Chin,2013,(14):181-182.
[2]顾业青,冯丽兵.正确使用监督抽样检验标准[J].中国质量技术监督,2013,(8):62-63.Gu YQ,Feng LB.Correct use of supervision sampling inspection standards[J].Chin Qual Superv,2013,(8):62-63.
[3]宫国强,赵立群,房永.关于食品抽样程序与容易出现问题环节的分析[J].现代测量与实验室管理,2015,23(6):57-58.Gong GQ,Zhao LQ,Fang Y.Analysis of food sampling procedures and prone to problems[J].Adv Measur Lab Manag,2015,23(6):57-58.
[4]中华人民共和国产品质量法[EB/OL].[2017-07-10].http://www.cnca.gov.cn/bsdt/ywzl/flyzcyj/zcfg/200809/t20080925_36654.shtml.Law of the People's Republic of China on product quality[EB/OL].[2017-07-10].http://www.cnca.gov.cn/bsdt/ywzl/flyzcyj/zcfg/200809/t20080925_36654.shtml.
[5]食品药品监管总局关于做好食品安全抽检及信息发布工作的意见[食药监食监三(2015)64号][EB/OL].[2015-06-08].http://www.sda.gov.cn/WS01/CL1201/121161.html.Opinions of the general administration of food and drug supervision ondoing good food safety inspection and information dissemination[CFAD food supervision division 3(2015)64][EB/OL].[2015-06-08].http://www.sda.gov.cn/WS01/CL1201/121161.html.
[6]王庆峰,郎乐,包懿,等.食品检验中的随机性与代表性[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2019,10(6):1445-1448.Wang QF,Lang L,Bao Y,et al.Randomness and representativeness in food inspection[J].J Food Saf Qual,2019,10(6):1445-1448.
[7]吴遥,李越凡.试论食品抽样工作的风险与防控[J].现代食品,2018,(4):11-14.Wu Y,Li YF.Discussion on the risk and prevention of food sampling[J].Mod Food,2018,(4):11-14.
[8]国家食品药品监督管理总局.食品安全抽样检验管理办法(总局令第11号)[EB/OL].[2014-12-31].http://samr.cfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0053/111725.html.China Food and Drug Administration.Administrative measures for sampling inspection of food safety(Order No.11)[EB/OL].[2014-12-31].http://samr.cfda.gov.cn/WS01/CL0053/111725.html.
[9]陈章捷.食品安全监督抽样环节存在的风险和对策建议[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2018,9(23):6309-6312.Chen ZJ.Risks and countermeasures in the sampling of food safety supervision[J].J Food Saf Qual,2018,9(23):6309-6312.
[10]杨梅,邹敏.食品检验报告常见差错总结及改进建议[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2019,10(5):1371-1374.Yang M,Zou M.Summary of common errors and suggestions for improvement in food inspection report[J].J Food Saf Qual,2019,10(5):1371-1374.
[11]王生华,李俊波,林晓萍.畜产品抽样工作中存在的问题及对策[J].湖北畜牧兽医,2014,35(6):91-92.Wang SH,Li JB,Lin XP.Problems and countermeasures in sampling livestock products[J].Hubei J Anim Husb Vet Sci,2014,35(6):91-92.
[12]朱梦晗,李锦华,张霞.浅析产品质量监督抽查中抽样的有效性[J].工业计量,2016,26(6):14-15.Zhu MH,Li JH,Zhang X.Analysis on the validity of sampling in product quality supervision and spot check[J].Ind Metrol,2016,26(6):14-15.
[13]市场监管总局关于印发2019年食品安全监督抽检计划的通知[EB/OL].[2019-02-01].http://gkml.samr.gov.cn/nsjg/bgt/201902/t20190217_289802.html.State administration for market regulation notice on the publication of the2019 food safety supervised sampling plan[EB/OL].[2019-02-01].http://gkml.samr.gov.cn/nsjg/bgt/201902/t20190217_289802.html.
[14]国家食品药品监督管理总局.食药监办食监三(2015)35号关于印发食品安全监督抽检和风险监测工作规范的通知[EB/OL].[2015-03-03].http://www.eshian.com/laws/45364.html.China Food and Drug Administration.Food and drug administration food surveillance No.3(2015)35 Notice concerning the issuance and printing of work specifications for sampling inspection and risk monitoring of food safety supervision[EB/OL].[2015-03-03].http://www.eshian.com/laws/45364.html.
[15]国家食品安全监督抽检实施细则(2019年版)[S].Implementation rules of national food safety supervision sampling inspection(2019 edition)[S].
[16]林蔚.浅谈监督抽查中的抽样[J].中国新技术新产品,2013,(14):181-182.Lin W.Talking about the sampling in the supervision and spot check[J].New Technol New Prod Chin,2013,(14):181-182.