35%威百亩水剂对人参田杂草的防除效果及安全性
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摘要
[目的]通过田间药效试验明确35%威百亩水剂对人参田杂草的防除效果和安全性,为威百亩在人参上的登记使用提供理论依据。[方法]通过2年2地田间试验,测定35%威百亩水剂不同施药剂量下进行土壤熏蒸对人参的安全性和除草效果。[结果]35%威百亩水剂在制剂用药量30、60、90 m L/m~2时,对一年生杂草鸭趾草、小飞蓬、藜、稗草、蓼株平均总体防效为73.48%～90.09%,鲜重总体防效为76.12%～95.57%,在试验剂量下未观察到药害发生。[结论]35%威百亩水剂在试验剂量下对人参生长安全,能够有效防除人参田杂草,可以用于人参田苗床杂草的防除。
[Aims ] This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of metham-sodium 35% AS against weeds in ginseng field and to provide basis for registration and application of metham-sodium in ginseng production. [Methods] By soil fumigation treatment in field at two locations from 2016 to 2017, metham-sodium 35% AS was tested to determine the application doses and safety for controlling weeds in ginseng field. [Results ] By soil fumigation treatment in the ginseng bed at the doses of 30, 60 and 90 m L/m2 respectively, the total plant number and fresh weight overall control effects of metham-sodium 35% AS against the annual weeds including Commelina communis, Chenopodium album,Conyza canadensis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Polygonum lapathifolium were 73.48-90.09 and 76.12-95.57%, respectively after 45 days post emergence. No herbicide-injury was observed on ginseng. [Conclusions ] Metham-sodium 35% AS can be used to control weeds in ginseng beds based on the better control effects against weeds in ginseng field and safety to ginseng growth.
[Aims ] This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of metham-sodium 35% AS against weeds in ginseng field and to provide basis for registration and application of metham-sodium in ginseng production. [Methods] By soil fumigation treatment in field at two locations from 2016 to 2017, metham-sodium 35% AS was tested to determine the application doses and safety for controlling weeds in ginseng field. [Results ] By soil fumigation treatment in the ginseng bed at the doses of 30, 60 and 90 m L/m2 respectively, the total plant number and fresh weight overall control effects of metham-sodium 35% AS against the annual weeds including Commelina communis, Chenopodium album,Conyza canadensis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Polygonum lapathifolium were 73.48-90.09 and 76.12-95.57%, respectively after 45 days post emergence. No herbicide-injury was observed on ginseng. [Conclusions ] Metham-sodium 35% AS can be used to control weeds in ginseng beds based on the better control effects against weeds in ginseng field and safety to ginseng growth.
引文
[1]李向高.西洋参的研究[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社, 2001.
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[3]曹坳程,张文吉,刘建华.溴甲烷土壤消毒替代技术研究进展[J].植物保护, 2007, 33(1):15-20.
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[5]韩方胜,刑卫锋,段瑞华,等.威百亩处理土壤防除香石竹移栽棚杂草初探[J].安徽农学通报, 2006(1):55.
[6] CANDOLE B L, CSINOS A S, WANG D. Concentrations in Soil and Efficacy of Drip-applied 1,3-D+Chloropicrin and Metam Sodium in Plastic-mulched Sandy Soil Beds[J]. Crop Protection, 2007, 26(12):1801-1809.
[7]纵瑞敬,刘欣茹,李英群,等. 42%威百亩水剂防治胡萝卜土传病害效果试验[J].现代农业科技, 2014(5):172-174.
[8]卜东欣,张超,李伟,等.威百亩对西葫芦常见土传病原菌的毒力及田间防效[J].植物保护学报, 2014, 41(5):562-568.
[9]莫娟,刘小娟,王文慧,等. 3种土壤消毒剂对芹菜根腐病的田间防效[J].中国蔬菜, 2018(9):51-53.
[2]张崇禧,郑友兰,孙立诚,等.吉林人参产业及科研的现状和特点[J].人参研究, 2001(2):5-8.
[3]曹坳程,张文吉,刘建华.溴甲烷土壤消毒替代技术研究进展[J].植物保护, 2007, 33(1):15-20.
[4]曹坳程.用于土壤消毒的甲基溴化学替代品[J].世界农业,2000(7):26-27, 61.
[5]韩方胜,刑卫锋,段瑞华,等.威百亩处理土壤防除香石竹移栽棚杂草初探[J].安徽农学通报, 2006(1):55.
[6] CANDOLE B L, CSINOS A S, WANG D. Concentrations in Soil and Efficacy of Drip-applied 1,3-D+Chloropicrin and Metam Sodium in Plastic-mulched Sandy Soil Beds[J]. Crop Protection, 2007, 26(12):1801-1809.
[7]纵瑞敬,刘欣茹,李英群,等. 42%威百亩水剂防治胡萝卜土传病害效果试验[J].现代农业科技, 2014(5):172-174.
[8]卜东欣,张超,李伟,等.威百亩对西葫芦常见土传病原菌的毒力及田间防效[J].植物保护学报, 2014, 41(5):562-568.
[9]莫娟,刘小娟,王文慧,等. 3种土壤消毒剂对芹菜根腐病的田间防效[J].中国蔬菜, 2018(9):51-53.