滤料特性对锰砂滤池启动期除铁除锰效能的影响
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摘要
针对陕西某市地下水水厂改造工程中的锰砂滤料选择和锰砂滤池启动期的除铁除锰效果问题,分析了不同锰砂滤料的吸附特性,对比研究了不同滤料滤池在启动期与成熟期的除铁除锰特点及除污效能。结果表明,尽管不同产地锰砂滤料的二氧化锰含量和静态吸附容量有很大差异,但在30 d的启动期间,各种锰砂滤池始终具有良好的除浊和除铁除锰效果,均没有出现Mn~(2+)穿透现象,总铁和Mn~(2+)含量分别可降到0.03和0.05 mg/L以下,锰砂滤料特性差异没有造成锰砂滤池启动期的除铁除锰效果出现明显不同;石英砂或无烟煤滤池在启动期的第6天后即可逐渐产生除锰作用,约30 d后达到成熟期,出水Mn~(2+)含量趋于稳定。各种滤料组成的滤池在启动期的第4天后均出现了氨氮降解作用,在约12 d时可达到稳定的去除效果。对于石英砂/锰砂双层滤料滤池,在启动初期Mn~(2+)主要在锰砂滤层中得到去除;进入成熟期后,石英砂层具有了极好的除锰效果,氨氮去除效果也显著提高,各种污染物主要在石英砂滤层中被去除;总铁和浊度的去除与滤料种类、过滤阶段无明显相关性,启动初期和成熟期总铁和浊度在石英砂/锰砂滤层中的沿程去除规律没有明显变化。
In view of the selection of manganese sand material and the removal effect of iron and manganese during the start-up period of the groundwater treatment plant in a city in Shaanxi Province,the adsorption characteristics of different manganese sand materials were analyzed,the properties of iron and manganese removal and removal efficiency of different filter media at the start-up and mature periods were studied. The results showed that although the manganese dioxide content and the static adsorption capacity of the manganese sand material in different areas were different,all kinds of manganese sand materials always had a good effect of removing turbidity,iron and manganese,and the phenomenon of divalent manganese penetrating the filter did not happen during the start-up period of 30 d. Total iron and bivalent manganese content could be reduced to 0. 03 mg/L and 0. 05 mg/L or less,and differences in the characteristics of manganese sand material did not resulted in the significant difference of iron and manganese removal in the start-up period of manganese sand filter. Quartz sand or anthracite could gradually produce manganese removal effect after 6 days of start-up period,reaching maturity after about 30 days of operation,and the content of bivalent manganese in the effluent was stable. After the first 4 days of the start-up period,ammonia nitrogen degradation was observed in the filters composed of various filter media,and ammonia nitrogen could achieve a stable removal effect at about12 days. It could be seen from the pollutants removal rule along the way of quartz sand-manganese sand filter layer that the divalent manganese was mainly removed in the manganese sand filter layer during the start-up period. After entering the maturity stage,the quartz sand layer had an excellent manganese removal effect and the ammonia nitrogen removal effect was also significantly improved. All kinds of pollutants were mainly removed in the quartz sand filter. The removal of total iron and turbidity did not show any significant correlation with material type and filtration stage. The removal regularity of total iron and turbidity in quartz-manganese sand filter layer did not change obviously during start-up period and mature period.
In view of the selection of manganese sand material and the removal effect of iron and manganese during the start-up period of the groundwater treatment plant in a city in Shaanxi Province,the adsorption characteristics of different manganese sand materials were analyzed,the properties of iron and manganese removal and removal efficiency of different filter media at the start-up and mature periods were studied. The results showed that although the manganese dioxide content and the static adsorption capacity of the manganese sand material in different areas were different,all kinds of manganese sand materials always had a good effect of removing turbidity,iron and manganese,and the phenomenon of divalent manganese penetrating the filter did not happen during the start-up period of 30 d. Total iron and bivalent manganese content could be reduced to 0. 03 mg/L and 0. 05 mg/L or less,and differences in the characteristics of manganese sand material did not resulted in the significant difference of iron and manganese removal in the start-up period of manganese sand filter. Quartz sand or anthracite could gradually produce manganese removal effect after 6 days of start-up period,reaching maturity after about 30 days of operation,and the content of bivalent manganese in the effluent was stable. After the first 4 days of the start-up period,ammonia nitrogen degradation was observed in the filters composed of various filter media,and ammonia nitrogen could achieve a stable removal effect at about12 days. It could be seen from the pollutants removal rule along the way of quartz sand-manganese sand filter layer that the divalent manganese was mainly removed in the manganese sand filter layer during the start-up period. After entering the maturity stage,the quartz sand layer had an excellent manganese removal effect and the ammonia nitrogen removal effect was also significantly improved. All kinds of pollutants were mainly removed in the quartz sand filter. The removal of total iron and turbidity did not show any significant correlation with material type and filtration stage. The removal regularity of total iron and turbidity in quartz-manganese sand filter layer did not change obviously during start-up period and mature period.
引文
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[4]潘俊,李博瑶,马悦,等.不同锰砂滤料对地下水除锰的去除能力分析[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:自然科学版,2014,30(3):542-546.Pan Jun,Li Boyao,Ma Yue,et al.The removal ability analysis of different manganese sand filter materials in groundwater[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University:Natural Science,2014,30(3):542-546(in Chinese).
[5]李继震.接触氧化除铁除锰机理的探讨[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(18):6-8.Li Jizhen.Investigation on mechanism of iron and manganese removal by contact oxidation[J].China Water&Wastewater,2010,26(18):6-8(in Chinese).
[6]张建锋,蒋亦媛,孙丽萍,等.锰质滤膜的成分分析及除锰性能研究[J].水处理技术,2012,38(8):47-50.Zhang Jianfeng,Jiang Yiyuan,Sun Liping,et al.Component analysis and artificial synthesis of precipitate on surface of manganese greensand[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2012,38(8):47-50(in Chinese).
[7]刘峰,陈虎,随伟伟,等.生物填料-砂滤强化去除饮用水中氨氮中试[J].水处理技术,2015,41(2):102-107.Liu Feng,Chen Hu,Sui Weiwei,et al.Pilot test on the removal of ammonia-N in drinking water enhanced by biological filler-sand filtration[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2015,41(2):102-107(in Chinese).