澳大利亚海洋科技计划比较分析
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摘要
作为重要的海洋国家,至今为止,澳大利亚共颁布了两部国家级海洋科技计划。从计划制定机构、出台背景与制定过程、计划目标、优先支持领域、执行支持5个方面对比前后两部海洋科技计划发现,澳大利亚海洋科技计划发生了诸多变化。发展海洋科技的目标不再局限于认识海洋环境,保护与开发海洋资源,而是以支持国家蓝色经济为核心;科技研究重心也从海洋自然环境领域,向海洋科技在政府、产业及社区中的应用转变;从没有具体化建议与专项资金支持,发展成为了目前的海洋科技具体行动指南。
As an important marine country of the world, Australian has released two marine science and technology plans up to now. Comparative analysis reveals that the two plans differ in plan maker background formulating process, goal, priority area and supporting areas. Especifically the aims of the marine science and technology have changed from the investigation of marine environment and the protection of marine resources to the development of national blue economy. The research focus has transferred from the natural environment to the applications of marine science and technology to government, industry and community. In addition, the first plan has no suggestion or fund support, but the second has specific action guide.
As an important marine country of the world, Australian has released two marine science and technology plans up to now. Comparative analysis reveals that the two plans differ in plan maker background formulating process, goal, priority area and supporting areas. Especifically the aims of the marine science and technology have changed from the investigation of marine environment and the protection of marine resources to the development of national blue economy. The research focus has transferred from the natural environment to the applications of marine science and technology to government, industry and community. In addition, the first plan has no suggestion or fund support, but the second has specific action guide.
引文
[1]National Marine Science Committee.Australia's ocean environment&Blue Economy[EB/OL].[2018-11-12].https://www.marinescience.net.au/.
[2]National Marine Science Committee.National Marine Science Plan 2015-2025:Driving development of Australia's blue economy[R/OL].[2018-12-23].http//:www.marinescience.net.au/.
[3]高凯.澳大利亚海洋科技进展综述[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2009(9):66-72.
[4]National Marine Science Committee.Terms of reference for the national marine science committee[EB/OL].[2018-12-23].http//:www.marinescience.net.au.
[5]Environment Australia.Australia's Ocean Policy:Caring,Understanding,Using Wisely[R/OL].[2018-12-15].https://www.environment.gov.au/archive/coasts.
[6]The Marine Science and Technology Plan Working Group.Australia's Marine Science and Technology Plan[R/OL].[2018-12-21].http://www.isr.gov.au/science/marine/marineoverview.
[7]Gillian Treloar,John Gunn,Tim Moltmann,et al.The National Marine Science Plan:informing Australia's future ocean policy[J].Australian Journal of Maritime&Ocean Affairs,2016,8(1):43-51.
[2]National Marine Science Committee.National Marine Science Plan 2015-2025:Driving development of Australia's blue economy[R/OL].[2018-12-23].http//:www.marinescience.net.au/.
[3]高凯.澳大利亚海洋科技进展综述[J].全球科技经济瞭望,2009(9):66-72.
[4]National Marine Science Committee.Terms of reference for the national marine science committee[EB/OL].[2018-12-23].http//:www.marinescience.net.au.
[5]Environment Australia.Australia's Ocean Policy:Caring,Understanding,Using Wisely[R/OL].[2018-12-15].https://www.environment.gov.au/archive/coasts.
[6]The Marine Science and Technology Plan Working Group.Australia's Marine Science and Technology Plan[R/OL].[2018-12-21].http://www.isr.gov.au/science/marine/marineoverview.
[7]Gillian Treloar,John Gunn,Tim Moltmann,et al.The National Marine Science Plan:informing Australia's future ocean policy[J].Australian Journal of Maritime&Ocean Affairs,2016,8(1):43-51.