低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井技术研究主要进展
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摘要
低渗透油气藏是当前国内外油气勘探开发的重点领域,以钻完井为核心的工程技术是实现低渗透油气藏高效开发的关键。"十三五"期间,针对川西、济阳坳陷等低渗透油气藏勘探开发中的技术难题,围绕钻井提速、增效和降低工程成本,开展了低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井技术攻关研究,在175℃高温随钻测量系统、近钻头伽马成像技术、新型钻井提速工具、全过程储层保护技术、长效密封固井技术、精细分段完井技术等方面取得重大进展,初步形成了低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井关键技术,并在济阳坳陷盐222区块、川西中江低渗透气田进行了现场应用,降本增效效果显著,为形成低渗透油气藏高效开发钻完井配套技术,实现不同类型低渗透油气藏高效开发奠定了坚实基础。
The development of low-permeability reservoirs has become the key area of oil and gas exploration and development, and the drilling & completion-based engineering technologies are the key elements for the efficient development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, to address technical challenges encountered in the exploration and development of low-permeability reservoirs such as the western Sichuan and Jiyang Depression, studies on key technologies for the high-efficiency development of low-permeability reservoirs have been conducted, which mainly focused on drilling speed-up, efficiency enhancement and engineering cost reduction. It has lead to significant progress on the aspects of 175 °C MWD system, near-bit gamma imaging system, new drilling speed-up tools, fullprocess reservoir protection technology, long-term sealing cementing technology, fine staged completion technology, etc..Accordingly, key drilling & completion technologies for the high-efficiency development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs have been established preliminarily, and the field applications in Block Yan 222 of Jiyang Depression and the lowpermeability Zhongjiang Gas Field in the western Sichuan achieved stellar results including remarkable cost reduction and efficiency enhancement, which have laid a solid foundation for efficient development of drilling & completion technologies and efficient exploration of various low-permeability reservoirs.
The development of low-permeability reservoirs has become the key area of oil and gas exploration and development, and the drilling & completion-based engineering technologies are the key elements for the efficient development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, to address technical challenges encountered in the exploration and development of low-permeability reservoirs such as the western Sichuan and Jiyang Depression, studies on key technologies for the high-efficiency development of low-permeability reservoirs have been conducted, which mainly focused on drilling speed-up, efficiency enhancement and engineering cost reduction. It has lead to significant progress on the aspects of 175 °C MWD system, near-bit gamma imaging system, new drilling speed-up tools, fullprocess reservoir protection technology, long-term sealing cementing technology, fine staged completion technology, etc..Accordingly, key drilling & completion technologies for the high-efficiency development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs have been established preliminarily, and the field applications in Block Yan 222 of Jiyang Depression and the lowpermeability Zhongjiang Gas Field in the western Sichuan achieved stellar results including remarkable cost reduction and efficiency enhancement, which have laid a solid foundation for efficient development of drilling & completion technologies and efficient exploration of various low-permeability reservoirs.
引文
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[5]林楠,张海花.高温高压随钻测量仪器[J].石油工程技术,2016,14(2):45-51.LIN Nan,ZHANG Haihua.HPHT MWD tools[J].Petroleum Engineering Technology,2016,14(2):45-51.
[6]苏义脑.地质导向钻井技术概况及其在我国的研究进展[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):92-95.SU Yinao.Geosteering drilling technology and its development in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(1):92-95.
[7]WHEELER A J,BILLINGS T,RENNIE A,et al.The introduction of an at-bit natural gamma ray imaging tool reduces risk associated with real-time geosteering decisions in coalbed methane horizontal wells[C]//SPWLA 53th Annual Logging Symposium,June 16-20,2012,Cartagena,Colombia.
[8]WANG J,HUISZOON C,XU L,et al.Quantitative study of natural gamma ray depth of image and dip angle calculations[C]//SPWLA54th Annual Logging Symposium,June 22-26,2013,New Orleans,Louisiana New Orleans.
[9]杨全进,蒋海旭,左信.一种用于井下钻具旋转中动态方位测量的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(1):40-43.YANG Quanjin,JIANG Haixu,ZUO Xin.A new solution for dynamic direction measurement while down-hole drill string rotating[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(1):40-43.
[10]WRIGHT A,SNYDER J.Instrumented motors prove crucial in unconventional well placement[R].SPE 168031,2014.
[11]唐海全.随钻方位伽马数据成像处理方法[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):110-115.TANG Haiquan.Image processing method of LWD azimuthal gamma data[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(1):110-115.
[12]赵洪山,冯光通,唐波,等.准噶尔盆地火成岩钻井提速难点与技术对策[J].石油机械,2013,41(3):21-26.ZHAO Hongshan,FENG Guangtong,TANG Bo,et al.Difficulties in igneous rock drilling in Dzungaria Basin and technological solutions[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(3):21-26.
[13]赵洪山,温林荣,张坤,等.一种切削-研磨型孕镶金刚石钻头的研制及应用[J].石油机械,2014,42(6):16-19.ZHAO Hongshan,WEN Linrong,ZHANG Kun,et al.Development and application of a cutting-abrasive impregnated diamond bit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(6):16-19.
[14]柳贡慧,李玉梅,李军,等.复合冲击破岩钻井新技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(5):10-15.LIU Gonghui,LI Yumei,LI Jun,et al.New technology with composite percussion drilling and rock breaking[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(5):10-15.
[15]查春青,柳贡慧,李军,等.复合冲击破岩钻井新技术提速机理研究[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):20-24.ZHA Chunqing,LIU Gonghui,LI Jun,et al.The rock breaking mechanism of the compound percussive-rotary drilling method with a PDC bit[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(2):20-24.
[16]张辉.PDC钻头恒扭矩工具在XING101井的应用[J].石油机械,2015,43(12):15-18,24.ZHANG Hui.Application of PDC bit anti stick-slip tool in Well XING101[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2015,43(12):15-18,24.
[17]张洪宁,管志川,刘永旺,等.井下钻柱减振增压装置工作特性的仿真研究[J].机床与液压,2016,44(5):162-165,174.ZHANG Hongning,GUAN Zhichuan,LIU Yongwang,et al.Simulation research of working characteristics of downhole drill string absorption&hydraulic supercharging device[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2016,44(5):162-165,174.
[18]管志川,刘永旺,魏文忠,等.井下钻柱减振增压装置工作原理及提速效果分析[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(2):8-13.GUAN Zhichuan,LIU Yongwang,WEI Wenzhong,et al.Downhole drill string absorption&hydraulic supercharging device'working principle and analysis of speed-increasing effect[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(2):8-13.
[19]刘永旺,管志川,张洪宁,等.基于钻柱振动的井下提速技术研究现状及展望[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(4):131-137.LIU Yongwang,GUAN Zhichuan,ZHANG Hongning,et al.Research status and prospect of ROP-enhancing technology based on drill string vibration[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):131-137.
[20]刘仍光,张林海,陶谦,等.循环应力作用下水泥环密封性实验研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(4):74-78.LIU Rengguang,ZHANG Linhai,TAO Qian,et al.Experimental study on airtightness of cement sheath under alternating stress[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(4):74-78.
[21]张林海,刘仍光,周仕明,等.模拟压裂作用对水泥环密封性破坏及改善研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(13):168-172.ZHANG Linhai,LIU Rengguang,ZHOU Shiming,et al.Investigation on sealing failure and improving of cement sheath under simulated staged fracturing[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(13):168-172.
[22]陶谦,陈星星.四川盆地页岩气水平井B环空带压原因分析与对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2017,39(5):588-593.TAO Qian,CHEN Xingxing.Causal analysis and countermeasures on B sustained casing pressure of shale-gas horizontal wells in the Sichuan Basin[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2017,39(5):588-593.
[23]高元,桑来玉,杨广国,等.胶乳纳米液硅高温防气窜水泥浆体系[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(3):67-72.GAO Yuan,SANG Laiyu,YANG Guangguo,et al.Cement slurry treated with latex Nano liquid silica anti-gas-migration agent[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(3):67-72.
[24]汪晓静,王其春,刘伟,等.新型抗高温苯丙胶乳的室内研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2013,30(6):48-51,94-95.WANG Xiaojing,WANG Qichun,LIU Wei,et al.Laboratory research on new high temperature styrene acrylic latex[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2013,30(6):48-51,94-95.
[25]汪晓静,孔祥明,曾敏,等.新型苯丙胶乳水泥浆体系的室内研究[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(2):80-84.WANG Xiaojing,KONG Xiangming,ZENG Min,et al.Laboratory research on a new styrene acrylic latex cement slurry system[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(2):80-84.
[26]吴晋霞.水平井分段压裂裸眼封隔器的研制与应用[J].石油矿场机械,2018,47(2):54-58.WU Jinxia.Research and application of open hole packer[J].Oil Field Equipment,2018,47(2):54-58.
[27]何祖清,梁承春,彭汉修,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部致密油藏水平井智能分采技术研究与试验[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(3):88-94.HE Zuqing,LIANG Chengchun,PENG Hanxiu,et al.Research and tests on horizontal well smart layering exploiting technology in tight oil reservoirs in southern Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(3):88-94.
[28]PANG Wei,DU Juan,ZHANG Tongyi,et al.Production performance modeling of shale gas wells with non-uniform fractures based on production logging[R].SPE181398,2016.
[29]PANG Wei,DI Dejia,MAO Jun,et al.Production logging of shale gas wells in China[R].SPE181815,2016.
[30]PANG Wei,PENG Hanxiu,HE Zuqing,et al.Transient temperature effect on well test interpretation of HPHT gas wells[R].SPE182369,2016.
[31]庞伟.酸性气藏深井产能试井方法[J].油气井测试,2018,27(2):67-72.PANG Wei.Deliverability test method for deep sour gas wells[J].Well Testing,2018,27(2):67-72.
[2]韩来聚.随钻测控技术研究与应用[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社,2012.HAN Laiju.Research and application of MWD/RSS[M].Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2012.
[3]罗平亚,康毅力,孟英峰.我国储层保护技术实现跨越式发展[J].天然气工业,2006,26(1):84-87.LUO Pingya,KANG Yili,MENG Yingfeng.Reservoir protection technology in China achieve leapfrog development[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(1):84-87.
[4]游利军,石玉江,张海涛,等.致密砂岩气藏水相圈闭损害自然解除行为研究[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(6):1214-1219.YOU Lijun,SHI Yujiang,ZHANG Haitao,et al.Spontaneous removal behavior of water phase trapping damage in tight sandstone gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(6):1214-1219.
[5]林楠,张海花.高温高压随钻测量仪器[J].石油工程技术,2016,14(2):45-51.LIN Nan,ZHANG Haihua.HPHT MWD tools[J].Petroleum Engineering Technology,2016,14(2):45-51.
[6]苏义脑.地质导向钻井技术概况及其在我国的研究进展[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(1):92-95.SU Yinao.Geosteering drilling technology and its development in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(1):92-95.
[7]WHEELER A J,BILLINGS T,RENNIE A,et al.The introduction of an at-bit natural gamma ray imaging tool reduces risk associated with real-time geosteering decisions in coalbed methane horizontal wells[C]//SPWLA 53th Annual Logging Symposium,June 16-20,2012,Cartagena,Colombia.
[8]WANG J,HUISZOON C,XU L,et al.Quantitative study of natural gamma ray depth of image and dip angle calculations[C]//SPWLA54th Annual Logging Symposium,June 22-26,2013,New Orleans,Louisiana New Orleans.
[9]杨全进,蒋海旭,左信.一种用于井下钻具旋转中动态方位测量的新方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(1):40-43.YANG Quanjin,JIANG Haixu,ZUO Xin.A new solution for dynamic direction measurement while down-hole drill string rotating[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(1):40-43.
[10]WRIGHT A,SNYDER J.Instrumented motors prove crucial in unconventional well placement[R].SPE 168031,2014.
[11]唐海全.随钻方位伽马数据成像处理方法[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(1):110-115.TANG Haiquan.Image processing method of LWD azimuthal gamma data[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(1):110-115.
[12]赵洪山,冯光通,唐波,等.准噶尔盆地火成岩钻井提速难点与技术对策[J].石油机械,2013,41(3):21-26.ZHAO Hongshan,FENG Guangtong,TANG Bo,et al.Difficulties in igneous rock drilling in Dzungaria Basin and technological solutions[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2013,41(3):21-26.
[13]赵洪山,温林荣,张坤,等.一种切削-研磨型孕镶金刚石钻头的研制及应用[J].石油机械,2014,42(6):16-19.ZHAO Hongshan,WEN Linrong,ZHANG Kun,et al.Development and application of a cutting-abrasive impregnated diamond bit[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(6):16-19.
[14]柳贡慧,李玉梅,李军,等.复合冲击破岩钻井新技术[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(5):10-15.LIU Gonghui,LI Yumei,LI Jun,et al.New technology with composite percussion drilling and rock breaking[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(5):10-15.
[15]查春青,柳贡慧,李军,等.复合冲击破岩钻井新技术提速机理研究[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(2):20-24.ZHA Chunqing,LIU Gonghui,LI Jun,et al.The rock breaking mechanism of the compound percussive-rotary drilling method with a PDC bit[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(2):20-24.
[16]张辉.PDC钻头恒扭矩工具在XING101井的应用[J].石油机械,2015,43(12):15-18,24.ZHANG Hui.Application of PDC bit anti stick-slip tool in Well XING101[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2015,43(12):15-18,24.
[17]张洪宁,管志川,刘永旺,等.井下钻柱减振增压装置工作特性的仿真研究[J].机床与液压,2016,44(5):162-165,174.ZHANG Hongning,GUAN Zhichuan,LIU Yongwang,et al.Simulation research of working characteristics of downhole drill string absorption&hydraulic supercharging device[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2016,44(5):162-165,174.
[18]管志川,刘永旺,魏文忠,等.井下钻柱减振增压装置工作原理及提速效果分析[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(2):8-13.GUAN Zhichuan,LIU Yongwang,WEI Wenzhong,et al.Downhole drill string absorption&hydraulic supercharging device'working principle and analysis of speed-increasing effect[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(2):8-13.
[19]刘永旺,管志川,张洪宁,等.基于钻柱振动的井下提速技术研究现状及展望[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(4):131-137.LIU Yongwang,GUAN Zhichuan,ZHANG Hongning,et al.Research status and prospect of ROP-enhancing technology based on drill string vibration[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(4):131-137.
[20]刘仍光,张林海,陶谦,等.循环应力作用下水泥环密封性实验研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(4):74-78.LIU Rengguang,ZHANG Linhai,TAO Qian,et al.Experimental study on airtightness of cement sheath under alternating stress[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(4):74-78.
[21]张林海,刘仍光,周仕明,等.模拟压裂作用对水泥环密封性破坏及改善研究[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(13):168-172.ZHANG Linhai,LIU Rengguang,ZHOU Shiming,et al.Investigation on sealing failure and improving of cement sheath under simulated staged fracturing[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(13):168-172.
[22]陶谦,陈星星.四川盆地页岩气水平井B环空带压原因分析与对策[J].石油钻采工艺,2017,39(5):588-593.TAO Qian,CHEN Xingxing.Causal analysis and countermeasures on B sustained casing pressure of shale-gas horizontal wells in the Sichuan Basin[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2017,39(5):588-593.
[23]高元,桑来玉,杨广国,等.胶乳纳米液硅高温防气窜水泥浆体系[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(3):67-72.GAO Yuan,SANG Laiyu,YANG Guangguo,et al.Cement slurry treated with latex Nano liquid silica anti-gas-migration agent[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(3):67-72.
[24]汪晓静,王其春,刘伟,等.新型抗高温苯丙胶乳的室内研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2013,30(6):48-51,94-95.WANG Xiaojing,WANG Qichun,LIU Wei,et al.Laboratory research on new high temperature styrene acrylic latex[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2013,30(6):48-51,94-95.
[25]汪晓静,孔祥明,曾敏,等.新型苯丙胶乳水泥浆体系的室内研究[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(2):80-84.WANG Xiaojing,KONG Xiangming,ZENG Min,et al.Laboratory research on a new styrene acrylic latex cement slurry system[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2014,42(2):80-84.
[26]吴晋霞.水平井分段压裂裸眼封隔器的研制与应用[J].石油矿场机械,2018,47(2):54-58.WU Jinxia.Research and application of open hole packer[J].Oil Field Equipment,2018,47(2):54-58.
[27]何祖清,梁承春,彭汉修,等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部致密油藏水平井智能分采技术研究与试验[J].石油钻探技术,2017,45(3):88-94.HE Zuqing,LIANG Chengchun,PENG Hanxiu,et al.Research and tests on horizontal well smart layering exploiting technology in tight oil reservoirs in southern Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2017,45(3):88-94.
[28]PANG Wei,DU Juan,ZHANG Tongyi,et al.Production performance modeling of shale gas wells with non-uniform fractures based on production logging[R].SPE181398,2016.
[29]PANG Wei,DI Dejia,MAO Jun,et al.Production logging of shale gas wells in China[R].SPE181815,2016.
[30]PANG Wei,PENG Hanxiu,HE Zuqing,et al.Transient temperature effect on well test interpretation of HPHT gas wells[R].SPE182369,2016.
[31]庞伟.酸性气藏深井产能试井方法[J].油气井测试,2018,27(2):67-72.PANG Wei.Deliverability test method for deep sour gas wells[J].Well Testing,2018,27(2):67-72.