摘要
目的了解荣成市流行性腮腺炎的流行特征和流行趋势,为今后的防治工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对荣成市2012~2016年流行性腮腺炎流行特征进行分析。结果 2012~2016年荣成市报告流行性腮腺炎331例,年均发病率为9.24/10万,无死亡病例。发病高峰为4~7月,共发病183例,占全部病例的55.29%。年均发病率男性为10.85/10万,女性为7.58/10万(P<0.01);0~4岁为62.63/10万,5~14岁为78.85/10万,≥15岁为1.35/10万(P<0.01);学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童分别占54.08%、25.38%和9.67%。发病率最高的是宁津街道办事处(46.41/10万),最低的是上庄镇(0.78/10万)。结论荣成市流行性腮腺炎男性发病率高于女性,发病率以5~14岁儿童较高,其次为0~4岁。发病率地区间差异明显。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Rongcheng city,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control. Methods The epidemic data of mumps in Rongcheng city,2012-2016 were analyzed by the descriptive epidemiology method. Results A total of 331 mumps cases were reported in Rongcheng city,2012-2016 with an annual incidence rate of 9.24/10~5,with no deaths.Peaks were April-July,with 183 cases,accounting for 55.29% of the total.The average annual incidence in males was 10.85/10~5,that of females was 7.58/10~5,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01);The average annual incidence of 0-4 age group was 62.63/10~5,that of 5-14 age group was 78.85/10~5,that over 15 age group was 1.35/10~5,and the difference was statistically significant(P <0.01);students accounted for 54.08%,kindergarden children accounted for 25.38% and scattered children accounted for 9.67%.The highest incidence was Ningjin sub-district(46.41/10~5),the lowest was Shangzhuang town0.78/10~5). Conclusion The incidence of mumps in males is higher than that of females in Rongcheng city.The incidence is higher in children aged 5-14,followed by children aged 0-4.The difference in incidence is significant among different areas.
引文
[1]迮文远.计划免疫学[M].第2版.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,2001:558-559.
[2]彭文伟.传染病学[M].第6版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2004:82-84.
[3]郑霄雁,黄春文,廖冬冬.2010~2012年福州市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征[J].职业与健康,2014,30(10):1 355-1 356.
[4]申振元,马桂芳,陈正利,等.2009年河南省流行性腮腺炎疫情特征分析[J].河南预防医学杂志,2011,22(1):59-61.
[5]全国人民代表大会常务委员会.中国人民共和国传染病防治法[M].北京:中国法制出版社,2004-08-28.
[6]汤健闻,柳智豪.我国流行性腮腺炎流行概况及其免疫预防[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2015,43(3):51-57.
[7]迮文远.计划免疫学[M].第2版.上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,2001:558-559.
[8]胡永梅,郝利新,王华庆,等.中国2010-2012年流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析[J].中国疫苗和免疫,2014,20(2):127-131.
[9]苏文斌,高连,高志媛,等.2004~2011年广西阳朔县流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征与控制策略分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(9):709-711.
[10]赵地.对我市流行性腮腺炎疫情高发的分析[J].中国实用医药,2011,6(16):271-272.
[11]铁链,韩发维,李华.2005~2011年山西省古交市流行性腮腺炎流行特征分析[J].疾病监测,2012,27(4):274-276.
[12]汤健闻,柳智豪.我国流行性腮腺炎流行概况及其免疫预防[J].微生物学免疫学进展,2015,43(3):51-57.