持续规律低强度有氧运动与高血压关系的回顾性队列研究
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摘要
目的了解中老年人群长期规律低强度有氧运动与高血压之间的关系,为预防高血压提供科学依据。方法以医院长期建档无高血压病史的1553名中老年体检者为研究对象,采用回顾性研究的方法,坚持长期低强度有氧运动者为暴露组,其他体检者为对照组。通过问卷调查和提取体检资料为研究数据,拟合Logistic模型分析低强度有氧运动与高血压之间的关系。结果暴露组高血压发病率为16. 14%,对照组发病率为22. 04%,2组发病率差异有统计学意义(X~2=6.824, P <0.05)。多因素分析显示高龄、男性、文化程度较高、家庭收入较高、BMI较高、未长期规律低强度有氧运动者是高血压高危人群,其中中老年人群中长期规律锻炼者发生高血压的风险是未锻炼者的0.53倍(P <0.05)。结论长期规律低强度有氧运动是预防高血压的独立保护因素,推荐中老年人坚持长期规律锻炼。
Objective To analyze the relationship between long-term regular low-intensity aerobic exercise and hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population and provide scientific evidence for the prevention of hypertension. Methods Taking 1553 middle-aged and older people without history of hypertension in a hospital ' s as subjects. Retrospective studies were conducted through questionnaires and the extraction of physical examination data. A logistic model was fitted to analyze the relationship between low-intensity aerobic exercise and hypertension. Results The incidence of hypertension was 16. 14% in the exposed group and 22. 04% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(X~2 =6. 824,P <0. 05). Multivariate analysis showed that high-age, high-degree men,high educational level, high family income, high BMI, and low-intensity aerobic exercise are high-risk factors of high blood pressure. The risk was 0. 53 times that of those who did not exercise( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Long-term regular low-intensity aerobic exercise is an independent protection factor for preventing hypertension. It is recommended that middle-aged and elderly people adhere to long-term regular exercise.
Objective To analyze the relationship between long-term regular low-intensity aerobic exercise and hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population and provide scientific evidence for the prevention of hypertension. Methods Taking 1553 middle-aged and older people without history of hypertension in a hospital ' s as subjects. Retrospective studies were conducted through questionnaires and the extraction of physical examination data. A logistic model was fitted to analyze the relationship between low-intensity aerobic exercise and hypertension. Results The incidence of hypertension was 16. 14% in the exposed group and 22. 04% in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(X~2 =6. 824,P <0. 05). Multivariate analysis showed that high-age, high-degree men,high educational level, high family income, high BMI, and low-intensity aerobic exercise are high-risk factors of high blood pressure. The risk was 0. 53 times that of those who did not exercise( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Long-term regular low-intensity aerobic exercise is an independent protection factor for preventing hypertension. It is recommended that middle-aged and elderly people adhere to long-term regular exercise.
引文
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[13]叶芳,吴迎,曾凡星,等.有氧运动抑制老年高血压大鼠血管功能重塑的氧化应激机制[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2017,25(7):679-687.
[14]张学领.长期有氧运动对原发性高血压患者心血管自主神经功能的调节[J].河南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,45(1):73-77.
[15]中华医学会糖尿病学分会.中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2013年版)[J].中国医学前沿杂志:电子版,2015,3(6):54-110.
[16]肖夕君.运动疗法对原发性高血压的适用原则及其应用实践[J].中国临床康复,2005,9(27):126-127.
[17]高竞生,刘小雪,王安心,等.静息心率与新发高血压的关系[J].中华高血压杂志,2014,22(4):347-352.
[2]杨慧,郭晓雷,马吉祥,等,高血压的流行现状及其疾病负担研究进展[J].预防医学论坛,2011,17(9):809-813.
[3]中国高血压负担及相关的心血管疾病死亡风险[J].中华老年心脑血管病杂志,2016,19(10):1076.
[4]石筱溪.低强度规律有氧运动对2型糖尿病患者血糖和心肺功能的影响[J].中国老年学杂志,2015,35(16):4595-4597.
[5]张前锋,徐晓阳,李捷.有氧运动对原发性高血压的降压作用及可能机制[J].中国循环杂志,2016,31(12):1238-1240.
[6] Lorig K. Self-management education:more than a nice extra[J]. Med Care,2003,41(6):699-701.
[7]中国高血压防治指南修订委员会.中国高血压防治指南2010[J].中国高血压杂志,2010,19(8):701-737.
[8]周云平,孟强,刘素春,等.体育锻炼与高血压间关联强度的剂量-反应关系研究[J].现代预防医学,2016, 43(21):3936-3939.
[9]赵久华,黄梅,朱文娟,等.体育锻炼对60岁及以上社区高血压患者血压水平的影响[J].包头医学院学报,2017,33(4):80-81,86.
[10]刘香兰,章岚,隋妍.有氧运动防治高血压机制的探讨[J].山东体育科技,2006,28(3):20-23.
[11] Nieminen T,Leino J,Maanoja J,et al. The prognostic value of haemodynamic parameters in the recovery phase of an exercise test. The Finnish Cardiovascular Study[J]. J Hum Hypertens,2008,22(8):537-543.
[12]赖学鸿.太极柔力球练习对预防老年人高血压的干预实验[J].现代预防医学,2011,38(17):3497-3499,3502.
[13]叶芳,吴迎,曾凡星,等.有氧运动抑制老年高血压大鼠血管功能重塑的氧化应激机制[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2017,25(7):679-687.
[14]张学领.长期有氧运动对原发性高血压患者心血管自主神经功能的调节[J].河南大学学报:自然科学版,2015,45(1):73-77.
[15]中华医学会糖尿病学分会.中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2013年版)[J].中国医学前沿杂志:电子版,2015,3(6):54-110.
[16]肖夕君.运动疗法对原发性高血压的适用原则及其应用实践[J].中国临床康复,2005,9(27):126-127.
[17]高竞生,刘小雪,王安心,等.静息心率与新发高血压的关系[J].中华高血压杂志,2014,22(4):347-352.