隧道工人安全感知对安全行为的影响机理
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摘要
我国隧道与地下工程事故频发现状证明了现有体系制度建设远不能适应当前施工安全管理的需求,开展针对隧道工人安全行为的研究十分重要。已有研究尚不清楚隧道工程中工人安全行为的内在规律。本研究以隧道工程一线工人为研究对象,通过问卷调查方式收集隧道工人安全感知、安全行为及心理压力的信息和数据,采用结构方程模型(SEM)理论,构建隧道工人安全感知及安全行为的关系模型,并进行实证研究。结果表明,隧道工人安全感知对安全行为具有显著正向影响,心理压力在隧道工人安全感知与安全行为关系中具有调节作用。研究结论能提高隧道建设管理者对中国隧道工人安全行为内在规律的认知,辅助其更有效地制定安全管理策略,从而提高隧道地下工程安全管理绩效。
The situation of frequent accidents in tunnel and underground engineering is very common,which proves that the existing system couldn't adapt to the safety management of current construction,and it is important to conduct research on tunnel workers' safety behaviors. The inherent law of safety behavior in the tunnel project is still unclear. This study takes the frontline tunnel workers as the research object,collects the information and data of tunnel workers' safety perception,safety behavior and psychological pressure through questionnaires. Then this study uses the structural equation modeling( SEM) theory,constructs the relationship model of tunnel workers' safety perception and safety behavior,and conducts the empirical research. The results show that safety perception of tunnel workers has a significant positive impact on safety behavior,and the psychological pressure has a regulatory role in the relationship between the safety perception and safety behavior of the tunnel workers. The research conclusions can improve the understanding of tunnel construction managers on the internal law of safety behavior of Chinese tunnel workers,and assist them to formulate the safety management strategies more effectively,and thus improve the safety management performance.
The situation of frequent accidents in tunnel and underground engineering is very common,which proves that the existing system couldn't adapt to the safety management of current construction,and it is important to conduct research on tunnel workers' safety behaviors. The inherent law of safety behavior in the tunnel project is still unclear. This study takes the frontline tunnel workers as the research object,collects the information and data of tunnel workers' safety perception,safety behavior and psychological pressure through questionnaires. Then this study uses the structural equation modeling( SEM) theory,constructs the relationship model of tunnel workers' safety perception and safety behavior,and conducts the empirical research. The results show that safety perception of tunnel workers has a significant positive impact on safety behavior,and the psychological pressure has a regulatory role in the relationship between the safety perception and safety behavior of the tunnel workers. The research conclusions can improve the understanding of tunnel construction managers on the internal law of safety behavior of Chinese tunnel workers,and assist them to formulate the safety management strategies more effectively,and thus improve the safety management performance.
引文
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[18]Hayes B E,Perander J,Smecko T,et al.Measuring perceptions of workplace safety:Development and validation of the work safety scale[J].Journal of Safety Research,1988,29(3):145-161.
[19]Carlson D S,Kacmar K M,Williams L J.Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict[J].Journal of Vocational Behavior,2000,56(2):249-276.
[20]Baron R M,Kenny D A.The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual,strategic,and statistical considerations[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1986,51(6):1173-1182.
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[22]Cohen J,Cohen P,West S G,et al.Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences(3rd edition)[M].Hillsdale:Erlbaum,2003.
[23]叶新凤,李新春,王智宁.安全氛围、工作压力与安全行为[J].技术经济与管理研究,2014,(10):44-50.
[24]Spector P E,Fox S.An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior:Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior[J].Human Resource Management Review,2002,12(2):269-292.
[2]Heinrich H W,Petersen D,Roos N.Industrial Accident Prevention[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1950.
[3]Garavan T N,O’Brien F.An investigation into the relationship between safety climate and safety behaviours in Rrish organisations[J].Irish Journal of Management,2001,22(1):141-170.
[4]孙峻,颜森,杜春艳.建筑企业安全氛围对员工安全行为的影响及实证[J].安全与环境学报,2014,14(2):60-64.
[5]Choudhry R M.Behavior-based safety on construction sites:A case study[J].Accident Analysis&Prevention,2014,70:14-23.
[6]Neal A,Griffin M A.A study of the lagged relationships among safety climate,safety motivation,safety behavior,and accidents at the individual and group levels[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2006,91(4):946-953.
[7]吴建金,耿修林,傅贵.基于中介效应法的安全氛围对员工安全行为的影响研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2013,9(3):80-86.
[8]Smith T D,Eldridge F,Dejoy D M.Safety-specific transformational and passive leadership influences on firefighter safety climate perceptions and safety behavior outcomes[J].Safety Science,2016,86:92-97.
[9]Goldsmith A H,Veum Jr R,Darity J W.The impact of psychological and human capital on wages[J].Economic Inquiry,1997,35(4):815-829.
[10]Eid J,Mearns K,Larsson G,et al.Leadership,psychological capital and safety research:Conceptual issues and future research questions[J].Safety Science,2012,50(1):55-61.
[11]Zohar D.Safety climate in industrial organizations:Theoretical and applied implications[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,1980,65(1):96-102.
[12]刘海滨,梁振东.基于SEM的不安全行为与其意向关系的研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(2):23-29.
[13]Tholén S L,Pousette A,T9rner M.Causal relations between psychosocial conditions,safety climate and safety behaviour-A multi-level investigation[J].Safety Science,2013,55:62-69.
[14]Shen Y,Tuuli M M,Xia B,et al.Toward a model for forming psychological safety climate in construction project management[J].International Journal of Project Management,2015,33(1):223-235.
[15]Lazarus R S.Psychological Stress and the Coping Process[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1966.
[16]Folkman S,Lazarus R S.If it changes it must be a process:Study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1985,48(1):150-170.
[17]Field R J,Gallas J A C,Schuldberg D.Periodic and chaotic psychological stress variations as predicted by a social support buffered response model[J].Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation,2017,49:135-144.
[18]Hayes B E,Perander J,Smecko T,et al.Measuring perceptions of workplace safety:Development and validation of the work safety scale[J].Journal of Safety Research,1988,29(3):145-161.
[19]Carlson D S,Kacmar K M,Williams L J.Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work-family conflict[J].Journal of Vocational Behavior,2000,56(2):249-276.
[20]Baron R M,Kenny D A.The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual,strategic,and statistical considerations[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1986,51(6):1173-1182.
[21]温忠麟,侯杰泰,张雷.调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用[J].心理学报,2005,37(2):268-274.
[22]Cohen J,Cohen P,West S G,et al.Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences(3rd edition)[M].Hillsdale:Erlbaum,2003.
[23]叶新凤,李新春,王智宁.安全氛围、工作压力与安全行为[J].技术经济与管理研究,2014,(10):44-50.
[24]Spector P E,Fox S.An emotion-centered model of voluntary work behavior:Some parallels between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior[J].Human Resource Management Review,2002,12(2):269-292.