综合利用镁合金废料制氢及氢氧化镁
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摘要
AZ31B镁合金废片-盐水体系能同时产生氢气和Mg(OH)2,研究了催化剂,Cl-浓度和反应温度对该体系产氢速率的影响,并分析了产物Mg(OH)2的化学成分和形态结构。实验结果表明,与Cu Cl2相比,铜线作为催化剂不仅产氢的速率高,且不会污染形成的Mg(OH)2。Cl-浓度和反应温度影响对体系产氢速率有较大影响,当温度为60℃,盐水浓度为4 mol/L时产氢速率达到最大值为62 m L/(min·g)。采用扫描电镜、X射线能谱仪表征分析中间产物,探讨Cl-点蚀反应的机理,对产物氢氧化镁粉末进行表征和物相分析的结果表明,产物为高纯度Mg(OH)2纳米材料,其晶体结构和分散性随温度的增加变好,80℃下获得规整的六方晶体。
Hydrogen gas and Mg( OH)2can be simultaneously produced from the AZ31 B magnesium alloy scrap-salt system,and the effects of the catalyst,Cl-concentration,and reaction temperature on the formation rate of hydrogen,as well as the chemical composition and morphology of the formed Mg( OH)2,were investigated. It was found that,compared to Cu Cl2,the use of Cu wire as a catalyst not only resulted in a high formation rate of hydrogen but also did not lead to contamination of the formed Mg( OH)2. Our results also showed that both the Cl-concentration and reaction temperature had an impact on the hydrogen formation,and the production rate of hydrogen reached a maximum value at a Cl-concentration of 4 mol / L and a temperature of 60 ℃.The formed Mg( OH)2powder was nanosized and of high purity. The crystallinity of Mg( OH)2increased with the reaction temperature,and hexagon-shaped crystals could be formed at 80 ℃. The reaction mechanism based on the pitting corrosion was also discussed in terms of both scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy( EDS) results.
Hydrogen gas and Mg( OH)2can be simultaneously produced from the AZ31 B magnesium alloy scrap-salt system,and the effects of the catalyst,Cl-concentration,and reaction temperature on the formation rate of hydrogen,as well as the chemical composition and morphology of the formed Mg( OH)2,were investigated. It was found that,compared to Cu Cl2,the use of Cu wire as a catalyst not only resulted in a high formation rate of hydrogen but also did not lead to contamination of the formed Mg( OH)2. Our results also showed that both the Cl-concentration and reaction temperature had an impact on the hydrogen formation,and the production rate of hydrogen reached a maximum value at a Cl-concentration of 4 mol / L and a temperature of 60 ℃.The formed Mg( OH)2powder was nanosized and of high purity. The crystallinity of Mg( OH)2increased with the reaction temperature,and hexagon-shaped crystals could be formed at 80 ℃. The reaction mechanism based on the pitting corrosion was also discussed in terms of both scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy( EDS) results.
引文
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[2]张泷,唐靖林,曾大本.镁合金废料再生技术现状及发展趋势.铸造,2006,55(3):201-224Zhang Long,Tang Jinglin,Zeng Daben.Development and prospect of recycling technique for magnesium alloy scrap.Foundry,2006,55(3):201-224(in Chinese)
[3]卫英慧,许并社.镁合金腐蚀防护的理论与实践.北京:冶金工业出版社,2007
[4]刘芸.绿色能源氢能及其电解水制氢技术进展.电源技术,2012,36(10):1579-1581Liu Yun.Progress of green energy hydrogen energy and technology of hydrogen production by water electrolysis.Chinese Journal of Power Sources,2012,36(10):1579-1581(in Chinese)
[5]Behera B.K.,Balasundaram R.,Gadgil K.,et al.Photobiological production of hydrogen from Spirulina for fueling fuel cells.Energy Sources,Part A:Recovery,Utilization,and Environmental Effects,2007,29(9):761-767
[6]常喜斌,王冀锋.氢氧化镁的制备与应用.氯碱工业,2013,49(8):21-24Chang Xibin,Wang Jifeng.Preparation and application of magnesium hydroxide.Chlor-Alkali Industry,2013,49(8):21-24(in Chinese)
[7]赵建海,宋兴福,陆强,等.氢氧化镁在环境污染治理中的应用研究进展.环境污染治理技术与设备,2002,3(5):66-69Zhao Jianhai,Song Xingfu,Lu Qiang,et al.Research and development on the application of magnesium hydroxide in the environmental pollution control.Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control,2002,3(5):66-69(in Chinese)
[8]Xiong Shuhua,Zhu Zhiping,Jing Lingling.Influence of Cl-ions on the pitting corrosion of boiler water-wall tube and its principle.Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials,2012,59(1):3-9
[9]冯士筰,李凤岐,李少菁.海洋科学导论.北京:高等教育出版社,2010
[10]Uan J.Y.,Yu S.H.,Lin M.C.,et al.Evolution of hydrogen from magnesium alloy scraps in citric acid-added seawater without catalyst.International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2009,34(15):6137-6142
[11]Blasco-Tamarit E.,Igual-Muoz A.,García Antón J.Effect of temperature on the galvanic corrosion of a high alloyed austenitic stainless steel in its welded and nonwelded condition in Li Br solutions.Corrosion Science,2007,49(12):4472-4490
[12]Ikeda A.,Mukai S.,Ueda M.Corrosion behavior of 9 to25%Cr steels in wet CO2environment.Corrosion,1985,41(4):185-192
[13]苏俊华,张学元,王风平,等.高矿化度介质中二氧化碳腐蚀金属的规律.材料保护,1998,31(11):21-23Su Junhua,Zhang Xueyuan,Wang Feng Ping,et al.The law of the CO2corrosion of metal in the high salinity medium.Materials Protection,1998,31(11):21-23(in Chinese)
[14]刘秀晨,安成强.金属腐蚀学.北京:国防工业出版社,2002
[15]Wang Lei,Zhang Boping,Shinohara T.Corrosion behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy in dilute Na Cl solutions.Material&Design,2010,31(2):857-863
[16]李振中,刘晶冰,何伟,等.高温沉淀-水热法制备纳米氢氧化镁的性能.化工进展,2006,25(11):1332-1335Li Zhenzhong,Liu Jinbing,He Wei,et al.Characteristics and properties of nano magnesium hydroxide prepared by wet precipitation method at high temperature and hydrothermal treatment.Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2006,25(11):1332-1335(in Chinese)