HY-2卫星高度计波高资料在集合最优插值同化中的应用研究——以台风“Lipee”为例
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摘要
基于海浪模式SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore),以台风"Lipee"为例,开展了集合最优插值(EnOI)同化HY-2卫星高度计有效波高(SWH)资料的台风浪数值预报影响研究。结果表明,利用HY-2卫星高度计波高资料结合EnOI方法进行同化,可有效改善海浪初始场质量,同化对绝对误差的改进可达15%,均方根误差改进14%。同化对预报误差、均方根误差都有一定程度的改进,其中在0~24h预报时效内的改进最为明显,绝对误差可改进12%,均方根误差改进13%。研究结果不仅可为海洋预报、同化提供参考,而且可为进一步加强HY-2卫星高度计资料的应用提供技术支持。
Ensemble Optimal Interpolation(EnOI)assimilation of HY-2satellite altimetry data into SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore)model was applied into wave simulating and forecasting of typhoon " Lipee".The results showed that the assimilation of EnOI combined with HY-2satellite altimeter wave data could improve the accuracy of initial field.The accuracy of the bias of the initial field could be improved by 15%,and the RMSE of it could be improved by 14%.The bias and RMSE of forecasting both decreased at different levels.The accuracy of the forecasting field could be improved most in the first 24 hours,and the values of bias and RMSE were decreased by12%and 13%.Conclusion of these experiments can provide information for wave forecasting and simulation,and can strength the use of HY-2satellite altimetry data into practice.
Ensemble Optimal Interpolation(EnOI)assimilation of HY-2satellite altimetry data into SWAN(Simulating Waves Nearshore)model was applied into wave simulating and forecasting of typhoon " Lipee".The results showed that the assimilation of EnOI combined with HY-2satellite altimeter wave data could improve the accuracy of initial field.The accuracy of the bias of the initial field could be improved by 15%,and the RMSE of it could be improved by 14%.The bias and RMSE of forecasting both decreased at different levels.The accuracy of the forecasting field could be improved most in the first 24 hours,and the values of bias and RMSE were decreased by12%and 13%.Conclusion of these experiments can provide information for wave forecasting and simulation,and can strength the use of HY-2satellite altimetry data into practice.
引文
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[19]王天驹,齐琳琳,宋攀,等.西北太平洋夏季海浪数值模拟研究[J].海洋技术学报,2015,34(4):59-64.Wang Tianju,Qi Linlin,Song Pan,et al.Research on wave numerical simulation in the northwest Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of Ocean Technology,2015,34(4):59-64.
[20]何晓凤,周荣卫,孙逸涵.3个全球模式对近地层风场预报能力的对比检验[J].高原气象,2014,33(5):1315-1322.He Xiaofeng,Zhou Rongwei,Sun Yihan.Verification on surface wind speed of three global circulation models in China[J].Plateau Meteorology,2014,33(5):1315-1322.
[21]Evensen G.The Ensemble Kalman Filter:theoretical formulation and practical implementation[J].Ocean Dynamics,2003,53(4):343-367.
[22]孙盟,尹训强,杨永增.静态样本集合的构造及其在全球海浪滤波同化中的应用[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(5):918-927.Sun Meng,Yin Xunqiang,Yang Yongzeng.Construction and application in global wave data assimilation of static sample set[J].Oceanlogia et Limologia Sinica,2014,45(5):918-927.
[23]Greenslade D J,Young I R.Background errors in a global wave model determined from altimeter data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Ocean(1978-2012),109(C9):C09007,doi:10.1029/2004JC002324.
[24]Ye Xiaomin,Lin Mingsen,Xu Ying.Validation of Chinese HY-2satellite radar altimeter significant wave height[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(5):60-67.
[2]Hasselmann K,Hasselmann S,Bauer E,et al.Development of a satellite SAR image spectra and altimeter wave height data assimilation system for ER-1[R].ESA report.Hamburg:Max-Planck-Institute für Meteorologie,1988:155.
[3]Bauer E K,Hasselmann,Young I R,et al.Assimilation of wave data into the wave model WAM using an impulse response function method[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,101(C2):3801-3816.
[4]Esteva D C.Evaluation of preliminary experiments assimilating Seasat significant wave heights into a spectral wave model[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1988,93(C11):14099-14105.
[5]Lionello P,Günther H,Janssen P A E M.Assimilation of altimeter data in a global third-generation wave model[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(C9):14453-14474.
[6]Breivik L A,Reistad M.Assimilation of ERS-1altimeter wave heights in an operational numerical wave model[J].Weather and Forecasting,1994,9(3):440-451.
[7]王跃山.数据同化——它的缘起、含义和主要方法[J].海洋预报,1999,16(1):11-20.Wang Yueshan.Data assimilation-its cause,its meaning and main produces[J].Marine Forecasts,1999,16(1):11-20.
[8]张志旭,齐义泉,施平,等.最优化插值同化方法在预报南海台风浪中的应用[J].热带海洋学报,2003,22(4):34-41.Zhang Zhixu,Qi Yiquan,Shi Ping,et al.Application of an optimal interpolation wave assimilation method in south China sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2003,22(4):34-41.
[9]郭衍游,侯一筠,杨永增,等.利用Wave WatchⅢ建立东中国海区域海浪同化系统[J].高技术通讯,2006,16(10):1092-1096.Guo Yanyou,Hou Yijun,Yang Yongzeng,et al.To build a regional ocean wave data assimilation system of eastern China seas with Wave WatchⅢ[J].High technology letters,2006,16(10):1092-1096.
[10]王毅,余宙文.卫星高度计波高数据同化对西北太平洋海浪数值预报的影响评估[J].海洋学报,2009,31(6):1-8.Wang Yi,Yu Zhouwen.Validation of impact of assimilation of altimeter satellite significant wave height on wave forecast in the northwest Pacific[J].Haiyang Xuebao,2009,31(6):1-8.
[11]齐鹏,范秀梅.高度计波高数据同化对印度洋海域海浪模式预报影响研究[J].海洋预报,2013,30(4):70-78.Qi Pen,Fan Xiumei.The impact of assimilation of altimeter wave data on wave forecast model in the north Indian Ocean[J].Marine Forecasts,2013,30(4):70-78.
[12]Fu Weiwei,Zhu Jiang,Yan Changxiang.A comparison between 3DVAR and EnOI techniques for satellite altimetry data assimilation[J].Ocean Modelling,2009,26(3/4):206-216.
[13]Xie J,Counillon F,Zhu J,et al.An eddy resolving tidal-driven model of the South China Sea assimilating along-track SLA data using the EnOI[J].Ocean Science,2011,7(5):609-627.
[14]万莉颖,陈建新.一个简单的集合最优插值方法在太平洋高度计资料同化中的应用[J].海洋预报,2011,28(3):1-7.Wan Liying,Chen Jianxin.Application of a simple ensemble optimal interpolation method to altimetry data assimilation for the Pacific[J].Marine Forecasts,2011,28(3):1-7.
[15]曹蕾,齐鹏.集合最优插值方法在北印度洋海浪同化中的应用[J].海洋科学进展,2015,33(1):45-55.Cao Lei,Qi Peng.Application of ensemble optimal interpolation method in wave assimilation in north Indian Ocean[J].Advances in Marine Science,2015,33(1):45-55.
[16]Oke P R,Salov P.Representation error of oceanic observations for data assimilation[J].Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology,2008,25(6):1004-1017.
[17]蒋小平,钟中,张金善,等.台风Winnie(1997)影响下海浪的数值模拟研究[J].热带气象学报,2007,23(4):376-382.Jiang Xiaoping,Zhong Zhong,Zhang Jinshan,et al.Numerical simulation of typhoon wave under the influence of Winnie[J].Journal of Tropical Meteorology,2007,23(4):376-382.
[18]杨春成,戴明瑞,高志华,等.一种台风浪的数值预报方法[J].海洋学报,1996,18(1):1-12.Yang Chuncheng,Dai Mingrui,Gao Zhihua,et al.A numerical prediction method for typhoon wave[J].Haiyang Xuebao,1996,18(1):1-12.
[19]王天驹,齐琳琳,宋攀,等.西北太平洋夏季海浪数值模拟研究[J].海洋技术学报,2015,34(4):59-64.Wang Tianju,Qi Linlin,Song Pan,et al.Research on wave numerical simulation in the northwest Pacific Ocean[J].Journal of Ocean Technology,2015,34(4):59-64.
[20]何晓凤,周荣卫,孙逸涵.3个全球模式对近地层风场预报能力的对比检验[J].高原气象,2014,33(5):1315-1322.He Xiaofeng,Zhou Rongwei,Sun Yihan.Verification on surface wind speed of three global circulation models in China[J].Plateau Meteorology,2014,33(5):1315-1322.
[21]Evensen G.The Ensemble Kalman Filter:theoretical formulation and practical implementation[J].Ocean Dynamics,2003,53(4):343-367.
[22]孙盟,尹训强,杨永增.静态样本集合的构造及其在全球海浪滤波同化中的应用[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(5):918-927.Sun Meng,Yin Xunqiang,Yang Yongzeng.Construction and application in global wave data assimilation of static sample set[J].Oceanlogia et Limologia Sinica,2014,45(5):918-927.
[23]Greenslade D J,Young I R.Background errors in a global wave model determined from altimeter data[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Ocean(1978-2012),109(C9):C09007,doi:10.1029/2004JC002324.
[24]Ye Xiaomin,Lin Mingsen,Xu Ying.Validation of Chinese HY-2satellite radar altimeter significant wave height[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2015,34(5):60-67.