中国省域高技术产业研发与制造系统耦合评价
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摘要
美国制造外迁带来区域萧条,由此引发的研发与制造长期分离会影响经济繁荣。在此背景下,中国需要重新审视特定空间范围内研发与制造间的关系。针对省域这一空间单元,以高技术产业为研究对象,将高技术产业研发环节和制造环节视为两个独立而又相互依存的系统,运用耦合协调模型,建立评价指标体系,测度2001-2015年中国内地30个省域高技术产业研发与制造耦合协调发展情况。结果显示,高技术产业研发与制造综合发展水平整体不高,大部分省域高技术产业研发与制造还处于低度耦合阶段,研发与制造分离状态在省域空间层面比较普遍;耦合协调度高的省域往往研发与制造依存度较高,基本上保持着实体经济繁荣发展态势。
The US manufacturing relocation has brought about a regional depression,which has led to discussions on the long-term separation of R&D and manufacturing that will affect economic prosperity.In this context,China also needs to re-examine the relationship between R&D and manufacturing in a specific space.In this paper,for the spatial unit of the province,the high-tech industry is selected as the research object,and R&D and manufacturing of high-tech industry are regarded as two independent and dependent systems.Based on evaluation index systems,the paper uses coupling coordination model to measure the degree of coupling coordination between R&D and manufacturing of high-tech industry from2001 to 2015 on the China′s provincial level.The results show that the overall development level of R&D and manufacturing in provincial high-tech industry is relatively low,and R&D and manufacturing of high-tech industry are still in a low coupling stage in most province,which indicates the separation of R&D and manufacturing is common at the provincial space level.Those provinces,that have a high degree of dependence on R&D and manufacturing,basically maintain the prosperity and development of the real economy.
The US manufacturing relocation has brought about a regional depression,which has led to discussions on the long-term separation of R&D and manufacturing that will affect economic prosperity.In this context,China also needs to re-examine the relationship between R&D and manufacturing in a specific space.In this paper,for the spatial unit of the province,the high-tech industry is selected as the research object,and R&D and manufacturing of high-tech industry are regarded as two independent and dependent systems.Based on evaluation index systems,the paper uses coupling coordination model to measure the degree of coupling coordination between R&D and manufacturing of high-tech industry from2001 to 2015 on the China′s provincial level.The results show that the overall development level of R&D and manufacturing in provincial high-tech industry is relatively low,and R&D and manufacturing of high-tech industry are still in a low coupling stage in most province,which indicates the separation of R&D and manufacturing is common at the provincial space level.Those provinces,that have a high degree of dependence on R&D and manufacturing,basically maintain the prosperity and development of the real economy.
引文
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[18]谭洪波.生产者服务业与制造业的空间集聚:基于贸易成本的研究[J].世界经济,2015(3):171-192.
[19]黄永春,郑江淮,杨以文,等.中国“去工业化”与美国“再工业化”冲突之谜解析---来自服务业与制造业交互外部性的分析[J].中国工业经济,2013(3):7-19.
[20]朱彦刚,贺灿飞,刘作丽.跨国公司的功能区位选择与城市功能专业化研究[J].中国软科学,2010(11):98-109.
[21]贺灿飞,肖晓俊.跨国公司功能区位实证研究[J].地理学报,2011(12):1669-1681.
[22]王俊松,颜燕.在华跨国公司功能区位的时空演化研究[J].地理科学,2016(3):352-358.
[23]刘作丽,贺灿飞.集聚经济、制度约束与汽车产业跨国公司在华功能区位[J].地理研究,2011(9):1606-1620.
[24]徐康宁,陈健.跨国公司价值链的区位选择及其决定因素[J].经济研究,2008(3):138-149.
[25]陈健.跨国公司全球价值链、区位分布及其影响因素研究[J].国际贸易问题,2010(12):102-107.
[26]周小燕.公司价值链区位选择及其影响因素---基于我国制造类上市公司的实证研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2014.
[27]PEDER VENG S BER,BRIAN VEJRUM W HRENS,高晓彬.跨国公司在新兴市场的制造与研发:一地?还是异地[J].创新与创业管理,2011(1):26-35.
[28]何向武,周文泳.区域高技术产业创新生态系统协同性分类评价[J].科学学研究,2018(3):159-167.
[2]PISANO,GARY P.AND SHIH,et al.Producing prosperity:why America needs a manufacturing renaissance[M].Boston,Mass.Harvard Business Press,2012.
[3]PERRY M J.Manufacturing′s declining share of GDP is a global phenomenon,and it′s something to celebrate[EB/OL].The U.S.Chamber of Commerce Foundation's General Foundation,March 22nd,2012.https://www.uschamberfoundation.org/blog/post/manufacturing-s-declining-sharegdp-global-phenomenon-and-it-s-something-celebrate/34261.
[4]SMIL,VACLAV.Made in the USA:the rise and retreat of American manufacturing[M].the MIT Press,Cambridge,Massachusetts,2013.
[5]ELKUS,RICHARD.Winner take all:how competitiveness shapes the fate of nations[M].Basic Books,New York,2008.
[6]DUESTERBERG,THOMAS J,PREEG,et al.U.S.Manufacturing:the engine for growth in a global economy[M].Praeger,2003.
[7]THE MANUFACTURING INSTITUTE(MI.).The facts about modern manufacturing[EB/OL].2009.http://www.themanufacturinginstitute.org/~/media/D45D1F9EE65C45B7BD17A8DB15AC00EC/2009_Facts_About_Modern_Manufacturing.pdf.
[8]KETOKIVI,MIKKO.When does co-location of manufacturing and R&D matter[R].The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy(ETLA),Helsinki,2006.
[9]MIKAEL GNOSPELIUS,LOUISE HORNBERG.Co-location of R&D and production the benefits of cross-functional communication[EB/OL].2015.http://www.divaportal.se/smash/get/diva2:931174/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
[10]INGE IVARSSON,CLAES ALVSTAM,JAN-ERIK VAHL-NE.Global technology development by colocating R&Dand manufacturing:the case of Swedish manufacturing MNEs[J].Industrial and Corporate Change,2017,26(1):149-168.
[11]GIULIO BUCIUNI,VLADI FINOTTO.Innovation in global value chains:co-location of production and development in italian low-tech industries[J].Regional Studies,2016,50(12):2010-2023.
[12]黄犚,陈文山,韦东.基于创新的优势制造业选择及优化路径研究[J].科技进步与对策,2012(20):76-79.
[13]聂清.生产者服务业与制造业关联效应研究[J].国际商务研究,2006,27(1):6-12.
[14]吕铁.生产者服务业与制造业互动发展---来自投入产出表的分析[J].中国经济问题,2007(2):59-64.
[15]陈伟达,冯小康.生产者服务业与制造业的互动演化研究---基于我国投入产出表的实证分析[J].华东经济管理,2010(1):54-59.
[16]魏江,周丹.生产性服务业与制造业融合互动发展:以浙江省为例[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[17]乔均,金汉信,陶经辉.生产性服务业与制造业互动发展研究---1997-2007年江苏省投入产出表的实证分析[J].南京社会科学,2012(3):20-28.
[18]谭洪波.生产者服务业与制造业的空间集聚:基于贸易成本的研究[J].世界经济,2015(3):171-192.
[19]黄永春,郑江淮,杨以文,等.中国“去工业化”与美国“再工业化”冲突之谜解析---来自服务业与制造业交互外部性的分析[J].中国工业经济,2013(3):7-19.
[20]朱彦刚,贺灿飞,刘作丽.跨国公司的功能区位选择与城市功能专业化研究[J].中国软科学,2010(11):98-109.
[21]贺灿飞,肖晓俊.跨国公司功能区位实证研究[J].地理学报,2011(12):1669-1681.
[22]王俊松,颜燕.在华跨国公司功能区位的时空演化研究[J].地理科学,2016(3):352-358.
[23]刘作丽,贺灿飞.集聚经济、制度约束与汽车产业跨国公司在华功能区位[J].地理研究,2011(9):1606-1620.
[24]徐康宁,陈健.跨国公司价值链的区位选择及其决定因素[J].经济研究,2008(3):138-149.
[25]陈健.跨国公司全球价值链、区位分布及其影响因素研究[J].国际贸易问题,2010(12):102-107.
[26]周小燕.公司价值链区位选择及其影响因素---基于我国制造类上市公司的实证研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2014.
[27]PEDER VENG S BER,BRIAN VEJRUM W HRENS,高晓彬.跨国公司在新兴市场的制造与研发:一地?还是异地[J].创新与创业管理,2011(1):26-35.
[28]何向武,周文泳.区域高技术产业创新生态系统协同性分类评价[J].科学学研究,2018(3):159-167.