论胡寅传记文学的“经世”文章观
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摘要
胡寅是南宋"湖湘学派"创始人之一,其史学思想以"格物致知"为主,文章强于论说,切于世用。传记文学是胡寅"经世"文章观的直接体现:《子产传》与《诸葛孔明传》重述前代名臣事迹,对于尚未安定的南宋政权有一定资政价值;《陆棠传》指斥士风之弊,讲述陆棠由布衣文士堕落为叛国反贼的过程,塑造士林中的反面典型,鞭挞现实中士人精神的败坏。胡寅三篇传记具有鲜明的时代背景,作者虽记一人之事,却关乎一国之史,传记文的格局与视野得以拓展。就叙事艺术而言,胡寅的传记书写颇得史传之法,作者于正叙之中巧设伏笔,又以议论穿插其间,传文婉而成章,尽而不污,体现了经史之学与集部文章的相通互融。
As one of the founders of the Hu-xiang school in the Southern Song Dynasty,Hu Yin's historical thought is based on the idea of pragmatism and his writing is convincing in argumentation and effective in the application to the world. Hu Yin's biography writing is the direct embodiment of his literary views. The Biography of Zi Chan and The Biography of Zhu G eliang retell the deeds of the celebrities of the previous generation,which is of some value to the unsettled Southern Song regime. The Biography of Lu Tang criticizes the drawbacks of the style of intellectuals. It whips the spiritual corruption of the intellectuals by telling the story of Lu Tang's degradation from a scholar to a traitor and creating a negative model of the intellectual. With distinct historical backgrounds,the three biographies are concerned about the history of a country in the form of recording the events of an individual,which develops the setup and the horizon of biography. In terms of narrative art,Hu Yin's biography is the inheritance of historical biography. He is good at foreshadowing in the narrative and intersperses it with discussion,so as to integrate biography with literary grace without any taint and achieve an interconnection between history and literary.
As one of the founders of the Hu-xiang school in the Southern Song Dynasty,Hu Yin's historical thought is based on the idea of pragmatism and his writing is convincing in argumentation and effective in the application to the world. Hu Yin's biography writing is the direct embodiment of his literary views. The Biography of Zi Chan and The Biography of Zhu G eliang retell the deeds of the celebrities of the previous generation,which is of some value to the unsettled Southern Song regime. The Biography of Lu Tang criticizes the drawbacks of the style of intellectuals. It whips the spiritual corruption of the intellectuals by telling the story of Lu Tang's degradation from a scholar to a traitor and creating a negative model of the intellectual. With distinct historical backgrounds,the three biographies are concerned about the history of a country in the form of recording the events of an individual,which develops the setup and the horizon of biography. In terms of narrative art,Hu Yin's biography is the inheritance of historical biography. He is good at foreshadowing in the narrative and intersperses it with discussion,so as to integrate biography with literary grace without any taint and achieve an interconnection between history and literary.
引文
[1]胡寅.读史管见[M].长沙:岳麓书社,2011.
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[4]胡寅.崇正辩[M].北京:中华书局,1993.
[5]胡寅.斐然集[M].北京:中华书局,1993.
[6]张耒著,李逸安点校.张耒集[M].北京:中华书局,1998.
[7]曾枣庄.全宋文[M].上海,合肥:上海辞书出版社,安徽教育出版社,2006.
[8]苏轼撰,孔凡礼点校.苏轼文集[M].北京:中华书局,1986.
[9]欧阳修著,洪本健校笺.欧阳修诗文集[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2009.
[2]永2).四库全书总目[M].北京:中华书局,2003.
[3]黎靖德.朱子语类[M].北京:中华书局,1988.
[4]胡寅.崇正辩[M].北京:中华书局,1993.
[5]胡寅.斐然集[M].北京:中华书局,1993.
[6]张耒著,李逸安点校.张耒集[M].北京:中华书局,1998.
[7]曾枣庄.全宋文[M].上海,合肥:上海辞书出版社,安徽教育出版社,2006.
[8]苏轼撰,孔凡礼点校.苏轼文集[M].北京:中华书局,1986.
[9]欧阳修著,洪本健校笺.欧阳修诗文集[M].上海:上海古籍出版社,2009.