海洋石油降解菌固定化小球的制备及其对含油海水的降解特性
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摘要
以实验室前期筛选分离得到的海洋石油降解菌SI-JHS为供试菌,在不同包埋条件下对SI-JHS进行固定化以提高其对含油海水的降解率,考察了pH值、盐度和温度等海水环境条件对固定化小球降解特性的影响。实验结果表明,包埋剂选用10%(质量分数,下同)的聚乙烯醇(PVA)和1%的海藻酸钠(SA)混合液,交联剂选用含3%CaCl_2的硼酸饱和溶液,包菌量为20%,活性炭添加量为5%时制备出的固定化小球成球性好,具有较好的传质性能和机械强度。SI-JHS固定化小球对含油海水的最适宜降解条件为:pH值7.0～7.5、盐度3%～4%、温度30～35℃。SI-JHS固定化小球对含油海水的降解率为97.8%,较游离菌提高了22.6%,固定化小球对海水中石油的降解过程符合准一级降解动力学模型。
In this work, a marine petroleum-degrading bacteria(SI-JHS) which was insolated previously in our laboratory, was immobilized at different embedding conditions to increase the degradation efficiency for petroleum-containing seawater. The effects of environmental conditions in seawater such as pH, salinity and temperature on degradation characteristics of immobilized beads were investigated. Immobilized beads prepared by 10% polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and 1% sodium alginate(SA) as embedding material, and saturated boric acid solutions containing 2% calcium chloride(CaCl_2) as crosslinker. The better mass transfer performance and greater mechanical strength of immobilized beads were obtained when bacteria entrapment reached 20% and 5% activated carbon was added. The best degradation conditions for immobilized beads to degrade petroleum-containing seawater were: pH at 7.0～7.5, salinity at 3%～4% and temperature at 30～35 ℃. The degradation rate of petroleum by SI-JHS-immobilized beads was 97.8%, which was 22.6% higher than free bacteria. The degradation process could be followed by the pseudo first order dynamic model.
In this work, a marine petroleum-degrading bacteria(SI-JHS) which was insolated previously in our laboratory, was immobilized at different embedding conditions to increase the degradation efficiency for petroleum-containing seawater. The effects of environmental conditions in seawater such as pH, salinity and temperature on degradation characteristics of immobilized beads were investigated. Immobilized beads prepared by 10% polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) and 1% sodium alginate(SA) as embedding material, and saturated boric acid solutions containing 2% calcium chloride(CaCl_2) as crosslinker. The better mass transfer performance and greater mechanical strength of immobilized beads were obtained when bacteria entrapment reached 20% and 5% activated carbon was added. The best degradation conditions for immobilized beads to degrade petroleum-containing seawater were: pH at 7.0～7.5, salinity at 3%～4% and temperature at 30～35 ℃. The degradation rate of petroleum by SI-JHS-immobilized beads was 97.8%, which was 22.6% higher than free bacteria. The degradation process could be followed by the pseudo first order dynamic model.
引文
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[5] 李欣,凌婉婷,刘静娴,等.固定化菌剂对污水和牛粪中雌二醇和已烯雌酚的去除作用[J].环境科学,2015,36(7):2 581-2 590Li Xin,Ling Wanting,Liu Jingxian,et al.Immobilization of estrogen-degrading bacteria to remove the 17β-estradiol and diethylstilbestrol from polluted water and cow dung [J].Environmental Science,2015,36(7):2 581-2 590 (in Chinese)
[6] Alessandrello M J,Juárez Tomás M S,Raimondo E E,et al.Petroleum oil removal by immobilized bacterial cells on polyurethane foam under different temperature conditions[J].Marine Pollution Bulletin,2017,122(1/2):156-160
[7] 邵基伦,曹刚,李紫惠,等.包埋固定化异养硝化菌强化处理氨氮有机废水[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(1):5-9Shao Jilun,Cao Gang,Li Zihui,et al.Enhanced treatment of organic wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen by embedded immobilized heterotrophic nitrobacteria [J].China Water & Wastewater,2015,31(1):5-9 (in Chinese)
[8] Shen Y,Gao J,Li L.Municipal wastewater treatment via co-immobilized microalgal-bacterial symbiosis:Microorganism growth and nutrients removal [J].Bioresource Technology,2017,243:905-913
[9] 任华峰,张雨山,王静,等.石油烃降解菌的分离鉴定及其产生乳化剂条件[J].化学工业与工程,2010,27(3):189-194Ren Huafeng,Zhang Yushan,Wang Jing,et al.Isolation and characterization of a hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria strain [J].Chemical Industry and Engineering,2010,27(3):189-194 (in Chinese)
[10] Wu K,Wisecarver K D.Cell immobilization using PVA crosslinked with boric acid [J].Biotechnology Bioengineering,1992,39:447-449
[11] 张爱君,郝建安,杨波,等.海洋石油降解菌的筛选、鉴定及降解活性[J].化学工业与工程,2015,32(1):31-36Zhang Aijun,Hao Jianan,Yang Bo,et al.Isolation and identification of petroleum degrading marine bacteria and its activity [J].Chemical Industry and Engineering,2015,32(1):31-36 (in Chinese)
[12] 孙瑞珠,马玉龙,张娟,等.泰勒菌素降解菌的筛选及其降解动力学研究[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(4):722-727Sun Ruizhu,Ma Yulong,Zhang Juan,et al.Isolation and degradation dynamic of a tylosin-degrading strains [J].China Environmental Science,2013,33(4):722-727 (in Chinese)