京津冀地区暖季降水日变化特征分析
|
摘要
使用2007—2017年京津冀地区156个气象站暖季(5—9月)逐小时降水观测数据,根据地形将研究区域分为6个分区,分析各分区降水量季节内变化和日变化特征,结果表明:1)京津冀的多雨区主要位于沿燕山南麓到太行山,存在多个降雨中心。2)各分区降水量季节内特征总体表现为单峰型,即7月降水量最大,7月第3候至8月第4候是主汛期,8月降水量次之,5月最少。3)降水呈夜间多,白天少的特点,7月初之前的前汛期降水多发生在16—21时;主汛期降水呈双峰型,峰值在17—22时,次峰值出现在00—07时; 8月中旬以后的后汛期多夜间降水,峰值多出现在00—08时。4)高原山区多短历时降水,长历时累计降水对季节降水贡献率大值区位于平原地区,而持续性降水贡献率大值位于太行山区和燕山迎风坡的西部。
Based on the hourly precipitation observation data of 156 meteorological stations in BeijingTianjin-Hebei region during the warm season( from May to September) from 2007 to 2017,this paper divides the study area into six zones according to the topography,and analyzes the intra-seasonal and diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation in each zone. The results are listed as below. 1) The rainy areas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are mainly located along the southern foot of Yanshan Mountains to Taihang Mountains with multiple rain field centers. 2) The intra-seasonal characteristics of precipitation in each zone are generally single-peak type,that is,the precipitation in July is the most,followed by the precipitation in August,and the minimum is in May. The main flood season is from the third pentad in July to the fourth pentad in August. 3) In general,precipitation in the nighttime is more rain that in the daytime. During the early flood season,the precipitation before early July mostly occurs between 16: 00 and 21: 00; during the main flood season,the precipitation presents a double-peak type with the peak value appearing between 17: 00 and 22: 00 and the secondary peak value appearing between 00: 00 and07: 00; the later flood season after middle August is characterized by more precipitation in the nighttime with the peak value appearing between 00: 00 and 08: 00. 4) The short-duration precipitation mostly occurs in plateau mountainous areas and the long-duration accumulated precipitation contributes much to the seasonal precipitation in plain areas,while the persistent precipitation contributes much to Taihang Mountains and the west of windward slope of Yanshan Mountains.
Based on the hourly precipitation observation data of 156 meteorological stations in BeijingTianjin-Hebei region during the warm season( from May to September) from 2007 to 2017,this paper divides the study area into six zones according to the topography,and analyzes the intra-seasonal and diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation in each zone. The results are listed as below. 1) The rainy areas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are mainly located along the southern foot of Yanshan Mountains to Taihang Mountains with multiple rain field centers. 2) The intra-seasonal characteristics of precipitation in each zone are generally single-peak type,that is,the precipitation in July is the most,followed by the precipitation in August,and the minimum is in May. The main flood season is from the third pentad in July to the fourth pentad in August. 3) In general,precipitation in the nighttime is more rain that in the daytime. During the early flood season,the precipitation before early July mostly occurs between 16: 00 and 21: 00; during the main flood season,the precipitation presents a double-peak type with the peak value appearing between 17: 00 and 22: 00 and the secondary peak value appearing between 00: 00 and07: 00; the later flood season after middle August is characterized by more precipitation in the nighttime with the peak value appearing between 00: 00 and 08: 00. 4) The short-duration precipitation mostly occurs in plateau mountainous areas and the long-duration accumulated precipitation contributes much to the seasonal precipitation in plain areas,while the persistent precipitation contributes much to Taihang Mountains and the west of windward slope of Yanshan Mountains.
引文
[1]梁萍,何金海,陈隆勋,等.华北夏季强降水的水汽来源[J].高原气象,2007,26(3):460-465.
[2]刘海文,丁一汇.华北夏季降水的年代际变化[J].应用气象学报,2011,22(2):129-137.
[3]史印山,姚学祥,杨晓亮,等.华北夏季旱涝的特征分析[J].气象科学,2008,28(4):377-383.
[4]杨杰,王启光,支蓉,等.动态最优多因子组合的华北汛期降水模式误差估计及预报[J].物理学报,2011,60(2):827-839.
[5]刘芸芸,丁一汇.印度夏季风与中国华北降水的遥相关分析及数值模拟[J].气象学报,2008,66(5):789-799.
[6]汤绪,钱维宏,梁萍.东亚夏季风边缘带的气候特征[J].高原气象,2006,25(3):375-381.
[7]SIMMONDS I,BI D H,HOPE P.Atmospheric water vapor flux and its association with rainfall over China in summer[J].J Climate,1999,12(5):1353-1367.
[8]田红,郭品文,陆维松.中国夏季降水的水汽通道特征及其影响因子分析[J].热带气象学报,2004,20(4):401-408.
[9]任国玉,王涛,郭军,等.海河流域近现代降水量变化若干特征[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(5):103-111.
[10]周连童.华北地区夏季降水的年际变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2009,32(3):412-423.
[11]刘海文,丁一汇.华北汛期日降水特性的变化分析[J].大气科学,2010,34(1):12-22.
[12]郝立生,闵锦忠,丁一汇.华北地区降水事件变化和暴雨事件减少原因分析[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(5):1160-1167.
[13]LI J,YU R C,WANG J J.Diurnal variations of summer precipitation in Beijing[J].Chin Sci Bull,2008,53(12):1933-1936.
[14]杨萍,肖子牛,石文静.基于小时降水资料研究北京地区降水的精细化特征[J].大气科学,2017,41(3):475-489.
[15]YANG P,REN G Y,HOU W,et al.Spatial and diurnal characteristics of summer rainfall over Beijing Municipality based on a high-density AWS dataset[J].Int J Climatol,2013,33(13):2769-2780.
[16]YU R C,ZHOU T J,XIONG A Y,et al.Diurnal variations of summer precipitation over contiguous China[J].Geophys Res Lett,2007,34(1):L01704.
[17]YU R C,XU Y P,ZHOU T J,et al.Relation between rainfall duration and diurnal variation in the warm season precipitation over central eastern China[J].Geophys Res Lett,2007,34(13):L13703.
[18]宇如聪,李建,陈昊明,等.中国大陆降水日变化研究进展[J].气象学报,2014,72(5):948-968.
[19]ZHOU T J,YU R C,CHEN H M,et a1.Summer precipitation frequency,intensity,and diurnal cycle over China:A comparison of satellite data with rain gauge observations[J].J Climate,2008,21(16):3997-4010.
[20]原韦华,宇如聪,傅云飞.中国东部夏季持续性降水日变化在淮河南北的差异分析[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(3):752-759.
[21]韩函,吴昊曼,黄安宁.华北地区夏季降水日变化的时空分布特征[J].大气科学,2017,41(2):263-274.
[22]杨学斌,代玉田,王宁,等.2006-2015年山东短时强降水时空分布特征[J].海洋气象学报,2018,38(2):103-109.
[23]顾伟宗,伯忠凯,杨成芳,等.2017年山东夏季降水特征及预测初探[J].海洋气象学报,2018,38(3):112-118.
[24]殷水清,高歌,李维京,等.1961-2004年海河流域夏季逐时降水变化趋势[J].中国科学:地球科学,2012,42(2):256-266.
[25]郑祚芳,高华,王在文,等.北京地区降水空间分布及城市效应分析[J].高原气象,2014,33(2):522-529.
[26]范广洲,吕世华.地形对华北地区夏季降水影响的数值模拟研究[J].高原气象,1999,18(4):659-667.
[27]吴正华.京津冀地区夏季短历时降水气候分析[J].大气科学,1993,17(3):268-273.
[28]HE H Z,ZHANG F Q.Diurnal variations of warm-season precipitation over northern China[J].Mon Wea Rev,2010,138(4):1017-1025.
[2]刘海文,丁一汇.华北夏季降水的年代际变化[J].应用气象学报,2011,22(2):129-137.
[3]史印山,姚学祥,杨晓亮,等.华北夏季旱涝的特征分析[J].气象科学,2008,28(4):377-383.
[4]杨杰,王启光,支蓉,等.动态最优多因子组合的华北汛期降水模式误差估计及预报[J].物理学报,2011,60(2):827-839.
[5]刘芸芸,丁一汇.印度夏季风与中国华北降水的遥相关分析及数值模拟[J].气象学报,2008,66(5):789-799.
[6]汤绪,钱维宏,梁萍.东亚夏季风边缘带的气候特征[J].高原气象,2006,25(3):375-381.
[7]SIMMONDS I,BI D H,HOPE P.Atmospheric water vapor flux and its association with rainfall over China in summer[J].J Climate,1999,12(5):1353-1367.
[8]田红,郭品文,陆维松.中国夏季降水的水汽通道特征及其影响因子分析[J].热带气象学报,2004,20(4):401-408.
[9]任国玉,王涛,郭军,等.海河流域近现代降水量变化若干特征[J].水利水电科技进展,2015,35(5):103-111.
[10]周连童.华北地区夏季降水的年际变化特征[J].大气科学学报,2009,32(3):412-423.
[11]刘海文,丁一汇.华北汛期日降水特性的变化分析[J].大气科学,2010,34(1):12-22.
[12]郝立生,闵锦忠,丁一汇.华北地区降水事件变化和暴雨事件减少原因分析[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(5):1160-1167.
[13]LI J,YU R C,WANG J J.Diurnal variations of summer precipitation in Beijing[J].Chin Sci Bull,2008,53(12):1933-1936.
[14]杨萍,肖子牛,石文静.基于小时降水资料研究北京地区降水的精细化特征[J].大气科学,2017,41(3):475-489.
[15]YANG P,REN G Y,HOU W,et al.Spatial and diurnal characteristics of summer rainfall over Beijing Municipality based on a high-density AWS dataset[J].Int J Climatol,2013,33(13):2769-2780.
[16]YU R C,ZHOU T J,XIONG A Y,et al.Diurnal variations of summer precipitation over contiguous China[J].Geophys Res Lett,2007,34(1):L01704.
[17]YU R C,XU Y P,ZHOU T J,et al.Relation between rainfall duration and diurnal variation in the warm season precipitation over central eastern China[J].Geophys Res Lett,2007,34(13):L13703.
[18]宇如聪,李建,陈昊明,等.中国大陆降水日变化研究进展[J].气象学报,2014,72(5):948-968.
[19]ZHOU T J,YU R C,CHEN H M,et a1.Summer precipitation frequency,intensity,and diurnal cycle over China:A comparison of satellite data with rain gauge observations[J].J Climate,2008,21(16):3997-4010.
[20]原韦华,宇如聪,傅云飞.中国东部夏季持续性降水日变化在淮河南北的差异分析[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(3):752-759.
[21]韩函,吴昊曼,黄安宁.华北地区夏季降水日变化的时空分布特征[J].大气科学,2017,41(2):263-274.
[22]杨学斌,代玉田,王宁,等.2006-2015年山东短时强降水时空分布特征[J].海洋气象学报,2018,38(2):103-109.
[23]顾伟宗,伯忠凯,杨成芳,等.2017年山东夏季降水特征及预测初探[J].海洋气象学报,2018,38(3):112-118.
[24]殷水清,高歌,李维京,等.1961-2004年海河流域夏季逐时降水变化趋势[J].中国科学:地球科学,2012,42(2):256-266.
[25]郑祚芳,高华,王在文,等.北京地区降水空间分布及城市效应分析[J].高原气象,2014,33(2):522-529.
[26]范广洲,吕世华.地形对华北地区夏季降水影响的数值模拟研究[J].高原气象,1999,18(4):659-667.
[27]吴正华.京津冀地区夏季短历时降水气候分析[J].大气科学,1993,17(3):268-273.
[28]HE H Z,ZHANG F Q.Diurnal variations of warm-season precipitation over northern China[J].Mon Wea Rev,2010,138(4):1017-1025.