四川盆地巫溪地区五峰组-龙马溪组硅质岩地球化学特征
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摘要
四川盆地巫溪地区五峰组-龙马溪组是中国页岩气的勘探重点层系,其中发育大量硅质岩。基于对田坝剖面五峰组和龙马溪组51件硅质岩样品的主量元素和稀土元素分析,并结合岩石学、古生物等资料,对五峰组-龙马溪组硅质来源与沉积背景开展了对比分析。结果表明,巫溪地区五峰组-龙马溪组硅质岩形成于大陆边缘环境,远离热液活动中心,整体上受陆源碎屑影响,且龙马溪组硅质岩受陆源碎屑影响大于五峰组;此外,五峰组硅质来源主要为硅质生物,局部受到热液活动影响,而龙马溪组硅质来源则受硅质生物和陆源碎屑的双重影响。
Cherts are widely deposited in the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations, which are key strata for exploring shale gas reservoir, in the Wuxi area, Sichuan Basin. In this study, 51 samples of bedded cherts from the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations of at the Tianba section in the Wuxi area were analyzed for major, trace elements and REE. Combining with the petrological and paleontological data, we have conducted detailed analogical study on the origin and depositional environment of cherts from the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations in this area. Results show that cherts of the Wufeng and Longmaixi formations in the Wuxi area were formed in the continental margin environment, which is far away from the hydrothermal activity center, with overall influence of terrestrial debris. Cherts of the Longmaxi Formation are more influenced than those of the Wufeng Formation by terrestrial debris. In addition, cherts of the Wufeng Formation are mainly composed of siliceous organisms, with local influence of hydrothermal activity, whereas cherts of the Longmaxi Formation are composed of both siliceous organisms and terrestrial debris.
Cherts are widely deposited in the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations, which are key strata for exploring shale gas reservoir, in the Wuxi area, Sichuan Basin. In this study, 51 samples of bedded cherts from the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations of at the Tianba section in the Wuxi area were analyzed for major, trace elements and REE. Combining with the petrological and paleontological data, we have conducted detailed analogical study on the origin and depositional environment of cherts from the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations in this area. Results show that cherts of the Wufeng and Longmaixi formations in the Wuxi area were formed in the continental margin environment, which is far away from the hydrothermal activity center, with overall influence of terrestrial debris. Cherts of the Longmaxi Formation are more influenced than those of the Wufeng Formation by terrestrial debris. In addition, cherts of the Wufeng Formation are mainly composed of siliceous organisms, with local influence of hydrothermal activity, whereas cherts of the Longmaxi Formation are composed of both siliceous organisms and terrestrial debris.
引文
Adachi M, Yamamoto K, Sugisaki R. 1986. Hydrothermal chert and associated siliceous rocks from the northern Pacific their geological significance as indication of ocean ridge activity. Sedimentary Geology, 47(1-2): 125-148
Bostrom K, Peterson M N A. 1969. The origin of aluminum-poor ferromanganoan sediments in areas of high heat-flow on the East Pacific Rise. Marine Geology, 7(5): 427-447
Chen D Z, Qing H R, Yan X, Li H. 2006. Hydrothermal venting and basin evolution (Devonian, South China): Constraints from rare earth element geochemistry of chert. Sedimentary Geology, 183(3-4): 203-216
Kametaka M, Takebe M, Nagai H, Zhu S Z, Takayanagi Y.2005. Sedimentary environments of the Middle Permian phosphorite-chert complex from the northeastern Yangtze platform, China; the Gufeng Formation: A continental shelf radiolarian chert. Sedimentary Geology, 174(3-4): 197-222
Murray R W. 1994. Chemical criteria to identify the depositional environment of chert: General principles and applications. Sedimentary Geology, 90(3-4): 213-232
Olivarez A M, Owen R M. 1989. REE/Fe variations in hydrothermal sediments: Implications for the REE content of seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53(3): 757-762
Ran B, Liu S G, Jansa L, Sun W, Ye Y H, Wang S Y, Luo C, Zhang X, Zhang C J. 2015. Origin of the upper ordovician-lower silurian cherts of the Yangtze block, South China, and their palaeogeographic significance. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 108: 1-17
Sholkovitz R E. 1988. Rare earth elements in the sediments of the North Atlantic Ocean, Amazon Delta, and East China Sea; Reinterpretation of terrigenous input patterns to the oceans. American Journal of Science, 288(3): 236-281
Sugisaki R, Yamamoto K, Adachi M. 1982. Triassic bedded cherts in central Japan are not pelagic. Nature, 298 (5875): 644-647
Taylor S R, Mcclennans M. 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Oxford: Blackwell, 1-312
Yamamoto K. 1987. Geochemical characteristics and depositional environments of cherts and associated rocks in the Franciscan and Shimanto Terranes. Sedimentary Geology, 52(1-2): 65-108
Zhou Y Z, Chown E H, Guha J, Lu H Z, Tu G Z. 1994. Hydrothermal origin of late Proterozoic bedded chert at Gusui, Guangdong, China: Petrological and geochemical evidence. Sedimentology, 41(3): 605-619
Zou C N, Qiu Z, Poulton S W, Dong D Z, Wang H Y, Chen D Z, Lu B, Shi Z S, and Tao H F. 2018. Ocean euxinia and climate change "double whammy" drove the Late Ordovician mass extinction: Geology, in press, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/G40121.1
杜远生, 朱杰, 顾松竹, 徐亚军, 杨江海. 2007. 北祁连造山带寒武系-奥陶系硅质岩沉积地球化学特征及其对多岛洋的启示. 中国科学(D辑): 37(10): 1314-1329
杜远生, 朱杰, 顾松竹. 2006. 北祁连肃南一带奥陶纪硅质岩沉积地球化学特征及其多岛洋构造意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 31(1): 101-109
何垚砚, 牛志军, 杨文强, 宋芳, 王晓地, 贾小辉. 2016. 湘中南中-晚奥陶世硅质岩地球化学特征及其对奥陶纪盆地演化的启示. 中国地质, 43(3): 936-952
黄华, 王国芝, 王英军, 龙国徽, 陈园园. 2013. 江南造山带内二叠系硅质岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 32(5): 567-573
黄志诚, 黄钟瑾, 陈智娜. 1991. 下扬子区五峰组火山碎屑岩与放射虫硅质岩. 沉积学报, 9(2): 1-15
贾启元, 吕新彪, 韦晓青, 毛晨, 高学鹏, 张帅. 2016. 青海洪水河铁矿区硅质岩岩石学、地球化学特征及地质意义. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 35(5): 984-993
雷卞军, 阙洪培, 胡宁, 牛志军, 汪华. 2002. 鄂西古生代硅质岩的地球化学特征及沉积环境. 沉积与特提斯地质, 22(2): 70-79
李红中, 周永章, 杨志军, 高乐, 何俊国, 梁锦, 曾长育, 吕文超. 2015. 钦-杭结合带硅质岩的分布特征及其地质意义. 地学前缘, 22(2): 108-117
李双建, 肖开华, 沃玉进, 周雁, 龙胜祥. 2009. 中上扬子地区上奥陶统一下志留统烃源岩发育的古环境恢复. 岩石矿物学杂志, 28(5): 450-458
李文厚. 1997. 汉中下志留统放射虫硅质岩的岩石学特征及其地质意义. 沉积学报, 15(3): 171-174
林良彪, 陈洪德, 朱利东. 2010. 川东茅口组硅质岩地球化学特征及成因. 地质学报, 84(4): 500-507
邱振, 董大忠, 卢斌, 周杰, 施振生, 王红岩, 吝文, 张晨晨, 刘德勋. 2016. 中国南方五峰组-龙马溪组页岩中笔石与有机质富集关系探讨. 沉积学报, 34(6): 1011-1020
邱振, 王清晨, 严德天. 2011. 广西来宾蓬莱滩剖面中上二叠统硅质岩的地球化学特征及沉积背景. 岩石学报, 27(10): 3141-3155
邱振, 王清晨. 2010. 湘黔桂地区中上二叠统硅质岩的地球化学特征及沉积背景. 岩石学报, 26(12): 3612-3628
邱振, 王清晨. 2011. 广西来宾中上二叠统硅质岩海底热液成因的地球化学证据. 中国科学: 地球科学, 41(5): 725-737
邱振, 邹才能, 李建忠, 郭秋麟, 吴晓智, 侯莲华. 2013. 非常规油气资源评价进展与未来展望. 天然气地球科学, 24(2): 238-246
邱振,江增光,董大忠,施振生,卢斌,谈昕,周杰,雷丹凤,梁萍萍,韦恒叶.2017. 巫溪地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩有机质沉积模式.中国矿业大学学报,46(5):923-932
王淑芳, 邹才能, 董大忠, 王玉满, 黄金亮, 郭召杰. 2014. 四川盆地富有机质页岩硅质生物成因及对页岩气开发的意义. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 50(3): 476-486
熊小辉, 王剑, 余谦, 杨宇宁, 熊国庆, 牛丙超, 郭秀梅, 邓奇. 2015. 富有机质黑色页岩形成环境及背景的元素地球化学反演—以渝东北地区田坝剖面五峰组—龙马溪组页岩为例. 天然气工业, 35(4): 25-32
张保民, 陈孝红, 危凯, 周鹏, 张淼. 2014. 赣南崇义—永新地区上奥陶统硅质岩地球化学特征及其地质意义. 地质科技情报, 33(5): 9-15
张春明, 张维生, 郭英海. 2012. 川东南-黔北地区龙马溪组沉积环境及对烃源岩的影响. 地学前缘, 19(1): 136-145
赵建华, 金之钧, 金振奎, 温馨, 耿一凯, 颜彩娜, 聂海宽. 2016. 四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组页岩岩相类型与沉积环境. 石油学报, 37(5): 572-586
周旻玥, 孔凡乾, 韦龙明, 白志强, 董世爽, 袁琼. 2015. 广西钦州石夹剖面硅质岩稀土元素地球化学特征. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 34(6): 1262-1269
周永章, 何俊国, 杨志军, 付伟, 杨小强, 张澄博, 杨海生. 2004. 华南热水沉积硅质岩建造及其成矿效应. 地学前缘, 11(2): 373-377
周永章. 1990. 丹池盆地热水成因硅岩的沉积地球化学特征. 沉积学报, 8(3): 75-83
朱杰, 杜远生. 2007. 北祁连造山带老虎山奥陶系硅质岩地球化学特征及古地理意义. 古地理学报, 9(1): 69-76
邹才能, 董大忠, 王社教, 李建忠, 李新景, 王玉满, 李登华, 程克明. 2010. 中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力. 石油勘探与开发, 37(6): 641-653
邹才能, 董大忠, 王玉满, 李新景, 黄金亮, 王淑芳, 管全中, 张晨晨, 王红岩. 2015. 中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(一). 石油勘探与开发, 42(6): 689-701
Bostrom K, Peterson M N A. 1969. The origin of aluminum-poor ferromanganoan sediments in areas of high heat-flow on the East Pacific Rise. Marine Geology, 7(5): 427-447
Chen D Z, Qing H R, Yan X, Li H. 2006. Hydrothermal venting and basin evolution (Devonian, South China): Constraints from rare earth element geochemistry of chert. Sedimentary Geology, 183(3-4): 203-216
Kametaka M, Takebe M, Nagai H, Zhu S Z, Takayanagi Y.2005. Sedimentary environments of the Middle Permian phosphorite-chert complex from the northeastern Yangtze platform, China; the Gufeng Formation: A continental shelf radiolarian chert. Sedimentary Geology, 174(3-4): 197-222
Murray R W. 1994. Chemical criteria to identify the depositional environment of chert: General principles and applications. Sedimentary Geology, 90(3-4): 213-232
Olivarez A M, Owen R M. 1989. REE/Fe variations in hydrothermal sediments: Implications for the REE content of seawater. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53(3): 757-762
Ran B, Liu S G, Jansa L, Sun W, Ye Y H, Wang S Y, Luo C, Zhang X, Zhang C J. 2015. Origin of the upper ordovician-lower silurian cherts of the Yangtze block, South China, and their palaeogeographic significance. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 108: 1-17
Sholkovitz R E. 1988. Rare earth elements in the sediments of the North Atlantic Ocean, Amazon Delta, and East China Sea; Reinterpretation of terrigenous input patterns to the oceans. American Journal of Science, 288(3): 236-281
Sugisaki R, Yamamoto K, Adachi M. 1982. Triassic bedded cherts in central Japan are not pelagic. Nature, 298 (5875): 644-647
Taylor S R, Mcclennans M. 1985. The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution. Oxford: Blackwell, 1-312
Yamamoto K. 1987. Geochemical characteristics and depositional environments of cherts and associated rocks in the Franciscan and Shimanto Terranes. Sedimentary Geology, 52(1-2): 65-108
Zhou Y Z, Chown E H, Guha J, Lu H Z, Tu G Z. 1994. Hydrothermal origin of late Proterozoic bedded chert at Gusui, Guangdong, China: Petrological and geochemical evidence. Sedimentology, 41(3): 605-619
Zou C N, Qiu Z, Poulton S W, Dong D Z, Wang H Y, Chen D Z, Lu B, Shi Z S, and Tao H F. 2018. Ocean euxinia and climate change "double whammy" drove the Late Ordovician mass extinction: Geology, in press, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1130/G40121.1
杜远生, 朱杰, 顾松竹, 徐亚军, 杨江海. 2007. 北祁连造山带寒武系-奥陶系硅质岩沉积地球化学特征及其对多岛洋的启示. 中国科学(D辑): 37(10): 1314-1329
杜远生, 朱杰, 顾松竹. 2006. 北祁连肃南一带奥陶纪硅质岩沉积地球化学特征及其多岛洋构造意义. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 31(1): 101-109
何垚砚, 牛志军, 杨文强, 宋芳, 王晓地, 贾小辉. 2016. 湘中南中-晚奥陶世硅质岩地球化学特征及其对奥陶纪盆地演化的启示. 中国地质, 43(3): 936-952
黄华, 王国芝, 王英军, 龙国徽, 陈园园. 2013. 江南造山带内二叠系硅质岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 32(5): 567-573
黄志诚, 黄钟瑾, 陈智娜. 1991. 下扬子区五峰组火山碎屑岩与放射虫硅质岩. 沉积学报, 9(2): 1-15
贾启元, 吕新彪, 韦晓青, 毛晨, 高学鹏, 张帅. 2016. 青海洪水河铁矿区硅质岩岩石学、地球化学特征及地质意义. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 35(5): 984-993
雷卞军, 阙洪培, 胡宁, 牛志军, 汪华. 2002. 鄂西古生代硅质岩的地球化学特征及沉积环境. 沉积与特提斯地质, 22(2): 70-79
李红中, 周永章, 杨志军, 高乐, 何俊国, 梁锦, 曾长育, 吕文超. 2015. 钦-杭结合带硅质岩的分布特征及其地质意义. 地学前缘, 22(2): 108-117
李双建, 肖开华, 沃玉进, 周雁, 龙胜祥. 2009. 中上扬子地区上奥陶统一下志留统烃源岩发育的古环境恢复. 岩石矿物学杂志, 28(5): 450-458
李文厚. 1997. 汉中下志留统放射虫硅质岩的岩石学特征及其地质意义. 沉积学报, 15(3): 171-174
林良彪, 陈洪德, 朱利东. 2010. 川东茅口组硅质岩地球化学特征及成因. 地质学报, 84(4): 500-507
邱振, 董大忠, 卢斌, 周杰, 施振生, 王红岩, 吝文, 张晨晨, 刘德勋. 2016. 中国南方五峰组-龙马溪组页岩中笔石与有机质富集关系探讨. 沉积学报, 34(6): 1011-1020
邱振, 王清晨, 严德天. 2011. 广西来宾蓬莱滩剖面中上二叠统硅质岩的地球化学特征及沉积背景. 岩石学报, 27(10): 3141-3155
邱振, 王清晨. 2010. 湘黔桂地区中上二叠统硅质岩的地球化学特征及沉积背景. 岩石学报, 26(12): 3612-3628
邱振, 王清晨. 2011. 广西来宾中上二叠统硅质岩海底热液成因的地球化学证据. 中国科学: 地球科学, 41(5): 725-737
邱振, 邹才能, 李建忠, 郭秋麟, 吴晓智, 侯莲华. 2013. 非常规油气资源评价进展与未来展望. 天然气地球科学, 24(2): 238-246
邱振,江增光,董大忠,施振生,卢斌,谈昕,周杰,雷丹凤,梁萍萍,韦恒叶.2017. 巫溪地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩有机质沉积模式.中国矿业大学学报,46(5):923-932
王淑芳, 邹才能, 董大忠, 王玉满, 黄金亮, 郭召杰. 2014. 四川盆地富有机质页岩硅质生物成因及对页岩气开发的意义. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 50(3): 476-486
熊小辉, 王剑, 余谦, 杨宇宁, 熊国庆, 牛丙超, 郭秀梅, 邓奇. 2015. 富有机质黑色页岩形成环境及背景的元素地球化学反演—以渝东北地区田坝剖面五峰组—龙马溪组页岩为例. 天然气工业, 35(4): 25-32
张保民, 陈孝红, 危凯, 周鹏, 张淼. 2014. 赣南崇义—永新地区上奥陶统硅质岩地球化学特征及其地质意义. 地质科技情报, 33(5): 9-15
张春明, 张维生, 郭英海. 2012. 川东南-黔北地区龙马溪组沉积环境及对烃源岩的影响. 地学前缘, 19(1): 136-145
赵建华, 金之钧, 金振奎, 温馨, 耿一凯, 颜彩娜, 聂海宽. 2016. 四川盆地五峰组—龙马溪组页岩岩相类型与沉积环境. 石油学报, 37(5): 572-586
周旻玥, 孔凡乾, 韦龙明, 白志强, 董世爽, 袁琼. 2015. 广西钦州石夹剖面硅质岩稀土元素地球化学特征. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 34(6): 1262-1269
周永章, 何俊国, 杨志军, 付伟, 杨小强, 张澄博, 杨海生. 2004. 华南热水沉积硅质岩建造及其成矿效应. 地学前缘, 11(2): 373-377
周永章. 1990. 丹池盆地热水成因硅岩的沉积地球化学特征. 沉积学报, 8(3): 75-83
朱杰, 杜远生. 2007. 北祁连造山带老虎山奥陶系硅质岩地球化学特征及古地理意义. 古地理学报, 9(1): 69-76
邹才能, 董大忠, 王社教, 李建忠, 李新景, 王玉满, 李登华, 程克明. 2010. 中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力. 石油勘探与开发, 37(6): 641-653
邹才能, 董大忠, 王玉满, 李新景, 黄金亮, 王淑芳, 管全中, 张晨晨, 王红岩. 2015. 中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(一). 石油勘探与开发, 42(6): 689-701