美国新引进甘蔗亲本开花习性及其遗传分析
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摘要
【目的】明确12个美国新引进甘蔗亲本的开花习性,为甘蔗育种的亲本选配提供参考依据。【方法】于2013/14～2017/18年连续5年杂交季对该亲本的始花期、抽穗率和花粉染色率进行调查和分析。【结果】甘蔗亲本始花期、抽穗率和花粉染色率的广义遗传力分别为0. 9518、0. 7961和0. 9384;始花期最早的亲本是CP07-1618和CP09-4448,最迟的是CP07-2137,2015/16杂交季各亲本的始花期普遍最晚,其它年份杂交季各亲本的始花期差异不明显;抽穗率低的亲本是CP01-2390、CP07-2137和CP09-4707,均属于难开花亲本,其余9个亲本均属于易开花亲本;花粉染色率低的亲本是CP00-1630、CP06-3458、CP07-1618和CP07-2137,其花粉染色率历年均不超过30%,杂交时只能作为母本,CP06-2422和CP09-4448的花粉染色率最高。【结论】甘蔗亲本始花期、抽穗率和花粉染色率的广义遗传力均属遗传力较高的性状,可在杂交组合配制阶段对该亲本进行较严格的选择。
【Objective】To provide reference basis for parents selection and matching of sugarcane breeding,the flowering habits of 12 newly introduced sugarcane parents from America were clarified.【Method】The initial flowering time,heading rate and pollen dyeing rate were investigated and analyzed in continuous 5 crossing seasons from 2013/14 to 2017/18.【Result】Broad-sense heritability of the initial flowering time,the heading rate and the pollen dyeing rate was 0. 9518,0. 7961 and 0. 9384,respectively. The parents with the earliest first flowering time were CP07-1618 and CP09-4448,and the parent with the latest first flowering time was CP07-2137. The latest flowering time for the 12 parents was in 2015/16 crossing season. There was no significant difference in initial flowering time among the parents in other crossing seasons. The parents with low heading rate were CP01-2390,CP07-2137 and CP09-4707,belonging to difficult flowering parents,and the rest of 9 parents were easy flowering parents. The parents with small pollen dyeing rates were CP00-1630,CP06-3458,CP07-1618,CP07-2137,which could only be used as female parents because their pollen dyeing rates were no more than 30 % in all crossing seasons. The parents with high pollen rate were CP06-2422 and CP09-4448.【Conclusion】The broad-sense heritability characters of the initial flowering time,heading rate and pollen dyeing rate of sugarcane parents were high heritability,so the 12 parents could be selected strictly in the stage of crossing combination.
【Objective】To provide reference basis for parents selection and matching of sugarcane breeding,the flowering habits of 12 newly introduced sugarcane parents from America were clarified.【Method】The initial flowering time,heading rate and pollen dyeing rate were investigated and analyzed in continuous 5 crossing seasons from 2013/14 to 2017/18.【Result】Broad-sense heritability of the initial flowering time,the heading rate and the pollen dyeing rate was 0. 9518,0. 7961 and 0. 9384,respectively. The parents with the earliest first flowering time were CP07-1618 and CP09-4448,and the parent with the latest first flowering time was CP07-2137. The latest flowering time for the 12 parents was in 2015/16 crossing season. There was no significant difference in initial flowering time among the parents in other crossing seasons. The parents with low heading rate were CP01-2390,CP07-2137 and CP09-4707,belonging to difficult flowering parents,and the rest of 9 parents were easy flowering parents. The parents with small pollen dyeing rates were CP00-1630,CP06-3458,CP07-1618,CP07-2137,which could only be used as female parents because their pollen dyeing rates were no more than 30 % in all crossing seasons. The parents with high pollen rate were CP06-2422 and CP09-4448.【Conclusion】The broad-sense heritability characters of the initial flowering time,heading rate and pollen dyeing rate of sugarcane parents were high heritability,so the 12 parents could be selected strictly in the stage of crossing combination.
引文
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[7]陈俊吕,常海龙,王勤南,等. 9份甘蔗核心种质的初花期花粉活力[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(35):45-47.
[8]常海龙,胡后祥,张伟,等.甘蔗开花生物学特性及花粉活力研究[J].热带农业科学,2017,37(4):7-12.
[9]常海龙,张垂明,张伟,等.甘蔗花粉活力和柱头可授性日变化研究[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(4):14-18.
[10]Durai A A,Govindaraj P,Pazhany A S. Flowering behaviour of sug-arcane genotypes from differentagro climatic zones of India[J]. SugarTech,2014,16:157-163.
[11]Ghallab M MA,Ghonema M A,Salem E SR. Variability,Herita-bility and Flowering Ability of some Sugarcane Germplasm[J]. Alex-andria Science Exchange Journal,2018,39:401-411.
[12]Melloni M L G,Melloni M N G,Scarpari M S,et al. Flowering ofSugarcane Genotypesunder Different Artificial PhotoperiodConditions[J]. American Journal of Plant Sciences,2015,6:456-463.
[13]陈如凯.现代甘蔗遗传育种[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.
[2]黄锦福,邓海华.甘蔗常用亲本始花期及其遗传研究[J].甘蔗糖业,2004(4):6-10+18.
[3]周耀辉,黄启尧.用培养法测定甘蔗花粉生活力[J].甘蔗,1994,1(2):10-12.
[4]龙永惠,徐鹤龙.甘蔗花粉低温贮藏研究[J].甘蔗糖业,1993(4):14-16.
[5]何红,甘海鹏.甘蔗花粉贮藏技术及其应用[J].广西农业科学,1990(3):16-18.
[6]吴建涛,许环映,张垂明,等.不同环境下甘蔗亲本开花情况及其遗传研究[J].西南农业学报,2017,30(9):1954-1957.
[7]陈俊吕,常海龙,王勤南,等. 9份甘蔗核心种质的初花期花粉活力[J].安徽农业科学,2017,45(35):45-47.
[8]常海龙,胡后祥,张伟,等.甘蔗开花生物学特性及花粉活力研究[J].热带农业科学,2017,37(4):7-12.
[9]常海龙,张垂明,张伟,等.甘蔗花粉活力和柱头可授性日变化研究[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(4):14-18.
[10]Durai A A,Govindaraj P,Pazhany A S. Flowering behaviour of sug-arcane genotypes from differentagro climatic zones of India[J]. SugarTech,2014,16:157-163.
[11]Ghallab M MA,Ghonema M A,Salem E SR. Variability,Herita-bility and Flowering Ability of some Sugarcane Germplasm[J]. Alex-andria Science Exchange Journal,2018,39:401-411.
[12]Melloni M L G,Melloni M N G,Scarpari M S,et al. Flowering ofSugarcane Genotypesunder Different Artificial PhotoperiodConditions[J]. American Journal of Plant Sciences,2015,6:456-463.
[13]陈如凯.现代甘蔗遗传育种[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2011.