四川省珙桐天然种群叶表型多样性
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摘要
为探讨不同生境下珙桐(Davidia involucrata)种群的叶表型性状变异及其适应机制,以四川省珙桐分布区内15个天然种群的11个叶表型性状为研究对象,运用巢氏方差分析、相关性分析、聚类分析等方法,对11个叶表型性状的变异规律进行分析。结果表明:11个表型性状在种群间和种群内都存在显著变异,变异较为丰富;种群间平均表型分化系数为37%,低于种群内(63%),种群内变异是珙桐变异的主要来源;种群间11个叶表型性状的变异系数(CV)的均值为16.22%,变异幅度为4.32%～29.10%,种群间离散系数(R')均值为53.21%,变化范围为39.3%～87.14%;对15个珙桐种群的11个叶表型指标进行相关分析发现,叶长、叶宽、脉左宽和叶柄长相互间存在极显著相关性(P<0.01),表明部分叶表型性状之间存在相互协调作用;叶片大小、叶柄大小与纬度、海拔呈显著负相关(P<0.05),说明随着纬度和海拔升高,珙桐叶片有变小、变薄的趋势;不同性状与不同种群间Shannon信息指数的均值分别为2.360和2.331,且分布较为均匀;利用欧氏距离对珙桐种群进行聚类分析,四川省珙桐种群可划分为3大类,其地理变异规律表现为不连续性。这些结果表明,珙桐种群间存在较为丰富的表型变异,与其自身遗传特点和生境条件相关,研究为今后野生珙桐资源的保护和利用提供了参考。
Dove tree( Davidia involucrata) is one of the national first-class protective plants in China. In order to understand its variation and adaptation mechanism of leaf phenotypic traits,11 leaf phenotypic traits of 15 populations were investigated in Sichuan Province. The variation degrees of 11 leaf phenotypic traits were tested by nested analysis of variance,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis. Significant and abundant variations of 11 phenotypic traits were observed at inter-and intra-population levels. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient among populations was 37%,which was less than that within populations( 63%),indicating that the variation within populations was the main source of the phenotypic variation of dove tree. The mean coefficient of variation( CV) of 11 phenotypic indices was 16.22%,ranging from 4.32% to 29.10%.The mean dispersion coefficient of populations was 53. 21%,ranging from 39. 38% to 87. 14%.The results of correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations among leaf length,leaf width,left leaf width,and petiole length,implying that some leaf phenotypic traits of dove tree coordinate each other in the 15 dove tree populations. Leaf size,leaf thickness and petiole size were negatively correlated with latitude and altitude,with the leaves being gradually smaller and thinner with elevated latitude and altitude. The mean values of Shannon index for leaf phenotypic traits and for dove tree populations were 2.360 and 2.331 respectively,and were welldistributed as well. Results from the clustering analysis showed that the 15 dove tree populations in Sichuan Province could be classified into three groups,with a lack of continuous geographical variations. In conclusion,the dove tree populations in Sichuan Province had higher phenotypic variations,which were related with the heredity and habitats. Our results provided scientific basis for conservation and utilization of dove tree resources.
Dove tree( Davidia involucrata) is one of the national first-class protective plants in China. In order to understand its variation and adaptation mechanism of leaf phenotypic traits,11 leaf phenotypic traits of 15 populations were investigated in Sichuan Province. The variation degrees of 11 leaf phenotypic traits were tested by nested analysis of variance,correlation analysis,and cluster analysis. Significant and abundant variations of 11 phenotypic traits were observed at inter-and intra-population levels. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient among populations was 37%,which was less than that within populations( 63%),indicating that the variation within populations was the main source of the phenotypic variation of dove tree. The mean coefficient of variation( CV) of 11 phenotypic indices was 16.22%,ranging from 4.32% to 29.10%.The mean dispersion coefficient of populations was 53. 21%,ranging from 39. 38% to 87. 14%.The results of correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations among leaf length,leaf width,left leaf width,and petiole length,implying that some leaf phenotypic traits of dove tree coordinate each other in the 15 dove tree populations. Leaf size,leaf thickness and petiole size were negatively correlated with latitude and altitude,with the leaves being gradually smaller and thinner with elevated latitude and altitude. The mean values of Shannon index for leaf phenotypic traits and for dove tree populations were 2.360 and 2.331 respectively,and were welldistributed as well. Results from the clustering analysis showed that the 15 dove tree populations in Sichuan Province could be classified into three groups,with a lack of continuous geographical variations. In conclusion,the dove tree populations in Sichuan Province had higher phenotypic variations,which were related with the heredity and habitats. Our results provided scientific basis for conservation and utilization of dove tree resources.
引文
陈艳,苏智先.2011.中国珍稀濒危孑遗植物珙桐种群的保护.生态学报,31(19):5466-5474.
辜云杰,罗建勋,吴远伟,等.2009.川西云杉天然种群表型多样性.植物生态学报,33(2):291-301.
关萍,张玉晶,石建明,等.2015.濒危植物珙桐种群遗传多样性分析.西南大学学报:自然科学版,37(9):71-76.
井振华,李皓,邵文豪,等.2010.浙江柿天然群体表型多样性研究.植物研究,30(3):325-331.
李斌,顾万春,卢宝明.2002.白皮松天然种群种实性状多样性研究.生物多样性,10(2):181-188.
李世超,杨树华,刘海星,等.2014.新疆天山地区弯刺蔷薇种群表型多样性的研究.园艺学报,41(8):1723-1730.
李伟,林富荣,郑勇奇,等.2013.皂荚南方天然群体种实表型多样性.植物生态学报,37(1):61-69.
李因刚,柳新红,马俊伟,等.2014.浙江楠种群表型变异.植物生态学报,38(12):1315-1324.
李月琴,雷泞菲,徐莺,等.2009.高温胁迫对珙桐叶片生理生化指标的影响.四川大学学报:自然科学版,46(3):809-813.
李宗艳,张海燕.2011.黄牡丹表型变异及多样性研究.西北林学院学报,26(4):117-122.
刘海洋,金晓玲,沈守云,等.2012.湖南珍稀濒危植物-珙桐种群数量动态.生态学报,32(24):7738-7746.
柳江群,尹明宁,左思宁,等.2017.长柄扁桃天然种群表型变异.植物生态学报,40(10:1991-1102.
柳新红,李因刚,赵勋,等.2011.白花树天然群体表型多样性研究.林业科学研究,24(3):694-700.
明军,顾万春.2006.紫丁香表型多样性研究.林业科学研究,19(2):199-204.
牟洪香,侯新村,刘乔哲,2007.木本能源植物文冠果的表型多样性研究.林业科学研究,20(3):350-355.
孟超,郑昕,姬志峰,等.2013.山西葛萝槭天然种群表型多样性研究.西北植物学报,33(11):2232-2240.
农月香,蒋运生,韦霄,等.2010.东兴金花茶表型变异研究.热带亚热带植物学报,18(4):372-378.
彭红丽,苏智先.2004.低温胁迫对珙桐幼苗的抗寒性生理生化指标的影响.汉中师范学院学报:自然科学版,22(1):168-173.
佘诚棋,杨万霞,方升佐,等.2009.青钱柳天然群体种子性状表型多样性.应用生态学报,20(10):2351-2356.
宋杰,李世峰,刘丽娜,等.2013.云南含笑天然种群的表型多样性分析.西北植物学报,33(2):272-279.
苏应雄,张雪,王文礼,等.2017.红棕杜鹃不同海拔种群表型多样性研究.西北植物学报,37(2):365-362.
童冉,吴小龙,姜丽娜,等.2017.野生玫瑰种群表型变异.生态学报,37(11):3706-3715.
王宁宁,胡增辉,沈应溥.2011.珙桐苗木叶片光合特性对土壤干旱胁迫的响应.西北植物学报,31(1):101-108.
文珊娜,仲崇禄,姜彬清,等.2017.灰木莲种源幼苗叶片性状表型多样性分析.植物研究,37(2):288-297.
熊亚丽,曹福祥,刘志明,等.2016.珙桐种子败育相关基因Ces A的克隆及表达分析.植物生理学报,52(10):1481-1490.
徐斌,彭莉霞,杨会肖,等.2015.杜鹃红山茶叶片主要性状的遗传多样性分析.植物研究,35(5):730-734.
徐刚标,禹玉婷,申响保.2005.湘鄂西地区珙桐天然群体遗传结构的研究,中南林业科技大学学报,27(6):5-9.
杨勇,朱炜,薛阁,等.2017.四川西部川赤芍野生种群的表型多样性分析.植物资源与环境学报,26(3):11-18.
杨贺雨,卫海燕,桑满杰,等.2016.华中五味子叶表型可塑性及环境因子对叶表型的影响.植物学报,51(3):322-334.
张望,操国兴,刘光华,等.2008.四川省喇叭河自然保护区珙桐种群结构与分布格局.浙江林学院学报,25(4):451-457.
张翠琴,姬志峰,林丽丽,等.2015.五角枫种群表型多样性.生态学报,35(16):5343-5352.
张晓骁,宋超,张延龙,等.2017.秦岭与子午岭地区紫斑牡丹种群表型多样性研究.园艺学报,44(1):139-150.
张元燕,虞木奎,方炎明.2014.麻栎不同种源表型性状变异分析.植物资源与环境学报,23(3):36-44.
周妍慧,贾瑞冬,杨树华,等.2016.杏黄兜兰种群表型多样性分析.园艺学报,43(7):1337-1347.
Brochmann C,Soltis PS.1992.Recurrent formation and polyphyly of Nordic polyploids in Draba(Brassicaceae).American Journal of Botany,79:673-688.
Chen JM,Zhao SY,Liao YY,et al.2015.Chloroplast DNAphylogeographic analysis reveals significant spatial genetic structure of the relictual tree Davidia involucrata(Davidiaceae).Conservation Genetics,16:583-593.
Li M,Dong XJ,Peng JQ et al.2016.De novo transcriptome sequencing and gene expression analysis reveal potential mechanisms of seed abortion in dove tree(Davidia involucrata Baill.).BMC Plant Biology,16:82-102.
Tang CQ,Dong YF,Herrandomoraira S,et al.2017.Potential effects of climate change on geographic distribution of the Tertiary relict tree species Davidia involucrata in China.Scientific Reports,7:43822.
Hamrick JL,Godt NJW.1990.Allozyme Diversity in Plant Species.Sunderland,USA:Sinauer Association:43-63.
辜云杰,罗建勋,吴远伟,等.2009.川西云杉天然种群表型多样性.植物生态学报,33(2):291-301.
关萍,张玉晶,石建明,等.2015.濒危植物珙桐种群遗传多样性分析.西南大学学报:自然科学版,37(9):71-76.
井振华,李皓,邵文豪,等.2010.浙江柿天然群体表型多样性研究.植物研究,30(3):325-331.
李斌,顾万春,卢宝明.2002.白皮松天然种群种实性状多样性研究.生物多样性,10(2):181-188.
李世超,杨树华,刘海星,等.2014.新疆天山地区弯刺蔷薇种群表型多样性的研究.园艺学报,41(8):1723-1730.
李伟,林富荣,郑勇奇,等.2013.皂荚南方天然群体种实表型多样性.植物生态学报,37(1):61-69.
李因刚,柳新红,马俊伟,等.2014.浙江楠种群表型变异.植物生态学报,38(12):1315-1324.
李月琴,雷泞菲,徐莺,等.2009.高温胁迫对珙桐叶片生理生化指标的影响.四川大学学报:自然科学版,46(3):809-813.
李宗艳,张海燕.2011.黄牡丹表型变异及多样性研究.西北林学院学报,26(4):117-122.
刘海洋,金晓玲,沈守云,等.2012.湖南珍稀濒危植物-珙桐种群数量动态.生态学报,32(24):7738-7746.
柳江群,尹明宁,左思宁,等.2017.长柄扁桃天然种群表型变异.植物生态学报,40(10:1991-1102.
柳新红,李因刚,赵勋,等.2011.白花树天然群体表型多样性研究.林业科学研究,24(3):694-700.
明军,顾万春.2006.紫丁香表型多样性研究.林业科学研究,19(2):199-204.
牟洪香,侯新村,刘乔哲,2007.木本能源植物文冠果的表型多样性研究.林业科学研究,20(3):350-355.
孟超,郑昕,姬志峰,等.2013.山西葛萝槭天然种群表型多样性研究.西北植物学报,33(11):2232-2240.
农月香,蒋运生,韦霄,等.2010.东兴金花茶表型变异研究.热带亚热带植物学报,18(4):372-378.
彭红丽,苏智先.2004.低温胁迫对珙桐幼苗的抗寒性生理生化指标的影响.汉中师范学院学报:自然科学版,22(1):168-173.
佘诚棋,杨万霞,方升佐,等.2009.青钱柳天然群体种子性状表型多样性.应用生态学报,20(10):2351-2356.
宋杰,李世峰,刘丽娜,等.2013.云南含笑天然种群的表型多样性分析.西北植物学报,33(2):272-279.
苏应雄,张雪,王文礼,等.2017.红棕杜鹃不同海拔种群表型多样性研究.西北植物学报,37(2):365-362.
童冉,吴小龙,姜丽娜,等.2017.野生玫瑰种群表型变异.生态学报,37(11):3706-3715.
王宁宁,胡增辉,沈应溥.2011.珙桐苗木叶片光合特性对土壤干旱胁迫的响应.西北植物学报,31(1):101-108.
文珊娜,仲崇禄,姜彬清,等.2017.灰木莲种源幼苗叶片性状表型多样性分析.植物研究,37(2):288-297.
熊亚丽,曹福祥,刘志明,等.2016.珙桐种子败育相关基因Ces A的克隆及表达分析.植物生理学报,52(10):1481-1490.
徐斌,彭莉霞,杨会肖,等.2015.杜鹃红山茶叶片主要性状的遗传多样性分析.植物研究,35(5):730-734.
徐刚标,禹玉婷,申响保.2005.湘鄂西地区珙桐天然群体遗传结构的研究,中南林业科技大学学报,27(6):5-9.
杨勇,朱炜,薛阁,等.2017.四川西部川赤芍野生种群的表型多样性分析.植物资源与环境学报,26(3):11-18.
杨贺雨,卫海燕,桑满杰,等.2016.华中五味子叶表型可塑性及环境因子对叶表型的影响.植物学报,51(3):322-334.
张望,操国兴,刘光华,等.2008.四川省喇叭河自然保护区珙桐种群结构与分布格局.浙江林学院学报,25(4):451-457.
张翠琴,姬志峰,林丽丽,等.2015.五角枫种群表型多样性.生态学报,35(16):5343-5352.
张晓骁,宋超,张延龙,等.2017.秦岭与子午岭地区紫斑牡丹种群表型多样性研究.园艺学报,44(1):139-150.
张元燕,虞木奎,方炎明.2014.麻栎不同种源表型性状变异分析.植物资源与环境学报,23(3):36-44.
周妍慧,贾瑞冬,杨树华,等.2016.杏黄兜兰种群表型多样性分析.园艺学报,43(7):1337-1347.
Brochmann C,Soltis PS.1992.Recurrent formation and polyphyly of Nordic polyploids in Draba(Brassicaceae).American Journal of Botany,79:673-688.
Chen JM,Zhao SY,Liao YY,et al.2015.Chloroplast DNAphylogeographic analysis reveals significant spatial genetic structure of the relictual tree Davidia involucrata(Davidiaceae).Conservation Genetics,16:583-593.
Li M,Dong XJ,Peng JQ et al.2016.De novo transcriptome sequencing and gene expression analysis reveal potential mechanisms of seed abortion in dove tree(Davidia involucrata Baill.).BMC Plant Biology,16:82-102.
Tang CQ,Dong YF,Herrandomoraira S,et al.2017.Potential effects of climate change on geographic distribution of the Tertiary relict tree species Davidia involucrata in China.Scientific Reports,7:43822.
Hamrick JL,Godt NJW.1990.Allozyme Diversity in Plant Species.Sunderland,USA:Sinauer Association:43-63.