2007-2013年浙江省雷电灾害特征统计分析
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摘要
利用2007-2013年浙江省雷电灾害事故数据,依据《雷电灾情统计规范》(QX/T 191-2013),从雷电灾害发生的等级、时间、空间、人员伤亡事故、受损行业及损害设施类型等方面,统计分析了浙江省雷电灾害的时空分布特征及行业特点,以期为全省防雷减灾工作提供重要的科学参考依据。研究结果表明:2007-2013年浙江省共发生雷电灾害3395起,其中6-8月为雷电灾害发生高峰期。雷灾事故具有很强的地域性,杭州、金华、丽水为雷灾事故高发区,而舟山地区雷灾事故最少。2007-2013年浙江省雷灾造成的人员伤亡情况整体呈下降趋势。雷击导致人员伤亡事故主要发生在农村,且没有防雷措施的建筑物、临时建构筑物、空旷地区及树下,为雷击造成人员伤亡的危险区域。遭受雷电灾害次数最多的是制造业、农居用户、电力、燃气及水的生产和供应业、通信业,而雷击产生直接经济损失最大的行业分别是制造业、农居用户和电力、燃气及水的生产和供应业。
In order to provide scientific references for lightning protection,the spatial and temporal distribution of lightning disasters and the characteristics in different industries are analyzed based on the lightning disaster data during 2007-2013 and specifications for statistic of lightning disaster state( QX/T191-2013) in Zhejiang province,from aspects of grade,time,space,casualty,damaged industry and facility,etc. The result shows that there are 3395 lightning disasters in Zhejiang province during 2007-2013,and June to August is the peak time. Besides,lightning disasters have strong regional characteristics,which are higher in Hangzhou,Jinhua and Lishui,and the lowest in Zhoushan. The injuries and deaths caused by lightning shows decreasing tendency from 2007 to 2013,and the number is higher in the rural than in city. The dangerous regions where injuries and deaths may caused by lightning are buildings without lightning protection systems,temporary buildings and structures,open area,or under trees.Lightning disaster are most harmful to the industries of manufacturing,rural residences,production and supply industries of electric power,gas and water,and telecommunication,while the greatest loss of economy is in the industries of manufacturing,rural residences,production and supply industries of electric power,gas and water.
In order to provide scientific references for lightning protection,the spatial and temporal distribution of lightning disasters and the characteristics in different industries are analyzed based on the lightning disaster data during 2007-2013 and specifications for statistic of lightning disaster state( QX/T191-2013) in Zhejiang province,from aspects of grade,time,space,casualty,damaged industry and facility,etc. The result shows that there are 3395 lightning disasters in Zhejiang province during 2007-2013,and June to August is the peak time. Besides,lightning disasters have strong regional characteristics,which are higher in Hangzhou,Jinhua and Lishui,and the lowest in Zhoushan. The injuries and deaths caused by lightning shows decreasing tendency from 2007 to 2013,and the number is higher in the rural than in city. The dangerous regions where injuries and deaths may caused by lightning are buildings without lightning protection systems,temporary buildings and structures,open area,or under trees.Lightning disaster are most harmful to the industries of manufacturing,rural residences,production and supply industries of electric power,gas and water,and telecommunication,while the greatest loss of economy is in the industries of manufacturing,rural residences,production and supply industries of electric power,gas and water.
引文
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[3]梅贞,陈水明,顾勤炜,等.1998-2004年全国雷电灾害事故统计[J].高电压技术,2007,33(12):173-176.
[4]马明,吕伟涛,张义军,等.我国雷电灾害及相关因素分析[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(8):856-865.
[5]黄小彦,王学良,李慧.2000-2006年湖北省雷电灾害时空分布特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2008,27(1):73-77.
[6]孟英杰,汪金福,袁业畅.湖北省雷电灾害及防御对策[J].自然灾害学报,2008,17(2):144-149.
[7]曾山泊,肖稳安,李霞.苏州地区雷暴活动规律和雷灾分析[J].气象科学,2006,26(5):517-524.
[8]吴孟恒,田艳婷,崔海华,等.2003-2008年河北省雷电灾害特征统计分析[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(1):21-25.
[9]冯民学,罗慧,焦雪.闪电定位资料对仪征储油罐雷灾成因的分析应用[J].气象科学,2007,27(6):679-684.
[10]邓春林,季严飞,刘刚.基于雷电定位数据的区域雷击灾害风险评估方法探讨[J].南京信息工程大学学报(自然科学版),2010,2(3):230-235.
[11]扈海波,王迎春,熊亚军.基于层次分析模型的背景雷电灾害风险评估[J].自然灾害学报,2010,19(1):104-109.
[12]尹娜,肖稳安.雷灾易损性分析、评估及易损度区划[J].热带气象学报,2005,21(4):441-449.
[13]郭虎,熊亚军.北京市雷电灾害易损性分析、评估及易损度区划[J].应用气象学报,2008,19(1):35-40.
[14]曾金全,张烨方,王颖波.基于综合评价算法的雷电灾害易损度区划模型研究[J].气象,2011,19(1):104-109.
[15]张旭晖,吴洪颜,许祥,等.江苏省雷暴灾害脆弱性分析[J].气象科学,2007,27(5):536-542.
[16]李浩,边学文.浙江省雷电灾害易损性分析及风险区划[J].南京信息工程大学学报,2014,6(4):336-341.
[17]赵伟,杨续超,张斌.浙江省雷电灾害风险分析及区划[J].热带气象学报,2014,30(5):996-1000.