230/400kV混压水电站出线同绝缘配置下雷电侵入波仿真计算
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摘要
国外某230/400kV混压运行水电站进行增容改造,其3～4号机组出线方式为同塔双回输电线路,且线路绝缘均依照400kV电压等级进行配置,雷击230kV线路时,由于线路绝缘配置过高,站内设备处侵入波过电压相较于常规绝缘配置时可能更高.借助电磁暂态分析软件ATP-EMTP,综合考虑杆塔冲击接地电阻、站内避雷器的优化布置方案等对过电压的影响程度,开展电站雷电侵入波过电压仿真计算.仿真结果表明:增容改造后水电站侵入波过电压的影响主要是雷电反击,降低杆塔接地电阻至8Ω以下或将发电机出口侧避雷器移至靠近主变低压侧的槽洞处,可有效限制雷电侵入波幅值和陡度,降低厂房内电气设备的过电压值至设备绝缘耐受水平以内.该仿真计算对类似工程的设计具有一定的参考价值和现实意义.
For the expansion and capacity increase of an overseas 230/400 kV mixed-voltage hydropower station,outlet type of#3-#4 unit is double-circuit power transmission line on the same tower with 400 kV insulated configuration.When the lightning strikes 230 kV line,considering that the line insulation configuration is too high,it may have a higher over-voltage on the substation equipment.By means of electromagnetic transient analysis software ATP-EMTP,this paper researches the influence of arrester optimized layout arrangement,the impulse grounding resistance of the tower on lightning intrusion overvoltage.The simulation results show that:The impact of intrusion surge overvoltage for capacity transformation hydropower station is mainly the lightning back-strike,reducing the grounding resistance of the tower to below 8Ωor shortening the distance between the arrester of generator port and the main transformer to within its protection scope can effectively limit the amplitude and steepness of the lightning intrusion wave,and reduce the overvoltage value of the electrical equipment in the plant to within the insulation tolerance level of the equipment.The results of this study have some reference and practical significance for similar projects.
For the expansion and capacity increase of an overseas 230/400 kV mixed-voltage hydropower station,outlet type of#3-#4 unit is double-circuit power transmission line on the same tower with 400 kV insulated configuration.When the lightning strikes 230 kV line,considering that the line insulation configuration is too high,it may have a higher over-voltage on the substation equipment.By means of electromagnetic transient analysis software ATP-EMTP,this paper researches the influence of arrester optimized layout arrangement,the impulse grounding resistance of the tower on lightning intrusion overvoltage.The simulation results show that:The impact of intrusion surge overvoltage for capacity transformation hydropower station is mainly the lightning back-strike,reducing the grounding resistance of the tower to below 8Ωor shortening the distance between the arrester of generator port and the main transformer to within its protection scope can effectively limit the amplitude and steepness of the lightning intrusion wave,and reduce the overvoltage value of the electrical equipment in the plant to within the insulation tolerance level of the equipment.The results of this study have some reference and practical significance for similar projects.
引文
[1]王宏兵.大型水电站雷电过电压与绝缘配合研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.Wang Hongbing.Research on lighting over-voltage and insulation coordination of large hydropower station[D].Beijing:North China Power University,2014.
[2]任洪涛,郑珊珊,张颖.苗尾500kV水电站两种避雷器配置方式的雷电过电压研究分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2016,(1):112-115.Ren Hongtao,Zheng Shanshan,Zhang Ying.Research on lightning overvoltage of two types of lightning arrester configurations for Miaowei hydropower station[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016,(1):112-115.
[3]王春杰,祝令瑜,汲胜昌,等.高压输电线路和变电站雷电防护的现状与发展[J].电瓷避雷器,2010,(3):35-46.Wang Chunjie,Zhu Lingyu,Ji Shengchang,et al.Present and development of lightning protection for HV transmission lines and substations[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2010,(3):35-45.
[4]肖萍,周新军,汪沨,等.基于先导闪络判据的变电站侵入波过电压的研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2013,(1):16-20.Xiao Ping,Zhou Xinjun,Wang Feng,et al.Study of the lightning invaded overvoltage in substation based on leader flashover criterion[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013,(1):16-20.
[5]关根志.高电压工程基础[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003:151-164.Guan Genzhi.High Voltage Engineering[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003:151-164.
[6]谢施君,曾嵘,李建明,等.变电站雷电侵入过电压波形特征及其影响因素的仿真[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1556-1564.Xie Shijun,Zeng Rong,Li Jianming,et al.Simulation on the characteristics and its influence factors of lightning intruding wave in substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(5):1556-1564.
[7]陈梁金,李思南,谢鹏,等.750kV GIS变电站雷电侵入波过电压的研究[J].高电压技术,2006,32(8):18-21.Chen Liangjin,Li Sinan,Xie Peng,et al.Study on the lightning intruding over-voltage in 750 kV GISsubstation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(8):18-21.
[8]何金良,曾嵘,陈水明.输电线路雷电防护技术研究(三):防护措施[J].高电压技术,2009,35(12):2917-2923.He Jinliang,Zeng Rong,Chen Shuiming.Lightning protection study of transmission line,PartⅢ:protection measures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(12):2917-2923.
[9]GB/T 50064-2014交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合设计规范[S],2014.GB/T 50064-2014Code for Design of Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination for AC Electrical Installtions[S],2014.
[10]IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines[S],1997.
[11]王东举,周浩,陈稼苗,等.特高杆塔的多波阻抗模型设计及雷击暂态特性分析[J].电网技术,2007,31(23):11-16.Wang Dongju,Zhou Hao,Chen Jiamiao,et al.Design of multi-surge impedance model for ultra-high transmission tower and analysis on its transient characteristic caused by lightning stroke[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(23):11-16.
[12]IEEE Working Group on Estimating Lighting Performance of Transmission Lines.A simplified method for estimating lightning performance of transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatue and System,1985,104(4):918-932.
[13]Martinez-Ja,Castro-Arandaf.Tower modeling for lightning analysis of overhead transmission lines[C]//IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting,Toronto,2005,(2):1345-1350.
[14]吴文辉,曹祥麟.电力系统电磁暂态计算与EMTP应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012:20-69.Wu Wenhui,Cao Xianglin.Electromagnetic transient calculation of electric power system and EMTP application[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2012:20-69.
[2]任洪涛,郑珊珊,张颖.苗尾500kV水电站两种避雷器配置方式的雷电过电压研究分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2016,(1):112-115.Ren Hongtao,Zheng Shanshan,Zhang Ying.Research on lightning overvoltage of two types of lightning arrester configurations for Miaowei hydropower station[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2016,(1):112-115.
[3]王春杰,祝令瑜,汲胜昌,等.高压输电线路和变电站雷电防护的现状与发展[J].电瓷避雷器,2010,(3):35-46.Wang Chunjie,Zhu Lingyu,Ji Shengchang,et al.Present and development of lightning protection for HV transmission lines and substations[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2010,(3):35-45.
[4]肖萍,周新军,汪沨,等.基于先导闪络判据的变电站侵入波过电压的研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2013,(1):16-20.Xiao Ping,Zhou Xinjun,Wang Feng,et al.Study of the lightning invaded overvoltage in substation based on leader flashover criterion[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013,(1):16-20.
[5]关根志.高电压工程基础[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2003:151-164.Guan Genzhi.High Voltage Engineering[M].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2003:151-164.
[6]谢施君,曾嵘,李建明,等.变电站雷电侵入过电压波形特征及其影响因素的仿真[J].高电压技术,2016,42(5):1556-1564.Xie Shijun,Zeng Rong,Li Jianming,et al.Simulation on the characteristics and its influence factors of lightning intruding wave in substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(5):1556-1564.
[7]陈梁金,李思南,谢鹏,等.750kV GIS变电站雷电侵入波过电压的研究[J].高电压技术,2006,32(8):18-21.Chen Liangjin,Li Sinan,Xie Peng,et al.Study on the lightning intruding over-voltage in 750 kV GISsubstation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2006,32(8):18-21.
[8]何金良,曾嵘,陈水明.输电线路雷电防护技术研究(三):防护措施[J].高电压技术,2009,35(12):2917-2923.He Jinliang,Zeng Rong,Chen Shuiming.Lightning protection study of transmission line,PartⅢ:protection measures[J].High Voltage Engineering,2009,35(12):2917-2923.
[9]GB/T 50064-2014交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合设计规范[S],2014.GB/T 50064-2014Code for Design of Overvoltage Protection and Insulation Coordination for AC Electrical Installtions[S],2014.
[10]IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Transmission Lines[S],1997.
[11]王东举,周浩,陈稼苗,等.特高杆塔的多波阻抗模型设计及雷击暂态特性分析[J].电网技术,2007,31(23):11-16.Wang Dongju,Zhou Hao,Chen Jiamiao,et al.Design of multi-surge impedance model for ultra-high transmission tower and analysis on its transient characteristic caused by lightning stroke[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(23):11-16.
[12]IEEE Working Group on Estimating Lighting Performance of Transmission Lines.A simplified method for estimating lightning performance of transmission lines[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatue and System,1985,104(4):918-932.
[13]Martinez-Ja,Castro-Arandaf.Tower modeling for lightning analysis of overhead transmission lines[C]//IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting,Toronto,2005,(2):1345-1350.
[14]吴文辉,曹祥麟.电力系统电磁暂态计算与EMTP应用[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2012:20-69.Wu Wenhui,Cao Xianglin.Electromagnetic transient calculation of electric power system and EMTP application[M].Beijing:China Water&Power Press,2012:20-69.