多重雷击对线路避雷器的冲击影响研究
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摘要
多重雷击是自然界中一种常见的现象,研究其基本特性和对线路避雷器的冲击影响具有实际参考意义。首先对南方电网范围内75条输电线路沿线的12 763次落雷进行统计,发现28.33%的落雷极有可能为多重雷击(落雷位置接近且雷击时间间隔小于0.1 s),多重雷的连续雷击频次大部分为2次～6次,幅值多为5 kA～50 kA。多重雷击主要以绕击形式对线路及避雷器产生危害。计算表明典型线路避雷器一般可承受较小雷电流(10 kA及以下)连续多重雷击,但当多重雷击的电流幅值较大(20 kA及以上)时,避雷器吸收的雷电冲击能量易超过其2 ms方波通流能力,进而造成电气能量过载。实际案例分析表明,自然界中的多重雷击完全可能造成避雷器电气能量严重过载而发生损坏,因此建议强雷区的线路避雷器选型时,应适当提高避雷器的通流能力指标。
Multiple lightning strikes is a common phenomenon in nature,it has practical reference to study its basic characteristics and its striking impact on line arresters.Firstly,12 763 times lightning along75 transmission lines in CSG are counted,the statistics show that 28.33% of the lightning is likely to be multiple strikes(lightning location is close and time interval is less than 0.1 s),the continuous lightning frequency of multiple strikes is mostly between 2 times ～ 6 times,the amplitude is mostly between5 kA ～ 50 kA.Multiple lightning strikes harm to the line and arrester mainly in the form of shielding failure.The calculation results show that typical lightning arresters can generally withstand small lightning current(≤10 kA) multiple strikes,however,when the current amplitude of multiple lightning strikes is large(≥20 kA),lightning impulse energy absorbed by line arrester is easier than its 2 ms square wave flow capacity,and then cause electrical energy overload.Actual case analysis shows that multiple lightning strikes in nature can cause damage to arrester by serious electrical energy overload.Therefore,it is suggested that the flow capacity index of arrester should be appropriately improved when the line arrester is selected in the strong thunderstorm region.
Multiple lightning strikes is a common phenomenon in nature,it has practical reference to study its basic characteristics and its striking impact on line arresters.Firstly,12 763 times lightning along75 transmission lines in CSG are counted,the statistics show that 28.33% of the lightning is likely to be multiple strikes(lightning location is close and time interval is less than 0.1 s),the continuous lightning frequency of multiple strikes is mostly between 2 times ～ 6 times,the amplitude is mostly between5 kA ～ 50 kA.Multiple lightning strikes harm to the line and arrester mainly in the form of shielding failure.The calculation results show that typical lightning arresters can generally withstand small lightning current(≤10 kA) multiple strikes,however,when the current amplitude of multiple lightning strikes is large(≥20 kA),lightning impulse energy absorbed by line arrester is easier than its 2 ms square wave flow capacity,and then cause electrical energy overload.Actual case analysis shows that multiple lightning strikes in nature can cause damage to arrester by serious electrical energy overload.Therefore,it is suggested that the flow capacity index of arrester should be appropriately improved when the line arrester is selected in the strong thunderstorm region.
引文
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[2]Polymer-housed metal oxide surge arresters for a.c.power transmission lines DL/T 815-2012[S].Beijing:China Electric Power Press,2012.)
[3]西安电瓷研究所.交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器:GB11032-2010[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2010.
[4]陈凯.氧化锌避雷器(MOA)发展和试验进化的研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2014.
[5]彭向阳,王保山,彭发东,等.整只配网用避雷器大电流耐受能力试验研究[J].高电压技术,2011,37(10):2443-2449.PENG Xiangyang,WANG Baoshan,PENG Fadong,et al.Test research on high current withstand capability of surge arrester used in distribution power system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(10):2443-2449.
[6]吴德贯,周禹,余忠田,等.一起500 kV金属氧化物避雷器故障分析[J].电瓷避雷器,2013(3):58-60,65.WU Deguan,ZHOU Yu,YU Zhongtian,et al.A fault analysis of 500 kV metal oxide surge arrester[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2013(3):58-60,65.
[7]廖民传,蔡汉生,贾磊,等.基于雷击特性的配网避雷器可靠性与经济性研究[J].南方电网技术,2017,11(6):22-28.LIAO Minchuan,CAI Hansheng,JIA Lei,et al.Research on reliability and economy of distribution network arrester based on lightning characteristics[J].Southern Power System Technology,2017,11(6):22-28.
[8]张搏宇,殷禹,张翠霞,等.高海拔线路避雷器的绝缘配合研究[J].电瓷避雷器,2017(4):23-27,32.ZHANG Boyu,YAN Yu,ZHANG Cuixia,et al.Study on insulation coordination of arrester in high altitude transmission line[J].Insulators and Surge Arresters,2017(4):23-27,32.
[9]江晓敏,周菲,周原,等.广东电网110~500 kV避雷器运行情况分析与维护探讨[J].广东电力,2013,26(4):105-107,111.JIANG Xiaomin,ZHOU Fei,ZHOU Yuan,et al.Analysis on operation of 110-500 kV arrester in Guangdong power grid and discussion on its maintenance[J].Guangdong Electric Power,2013,26(4):105-107,111.
[10]HAYONO T,SIRAIT K T,Tmiran,et al.Effect of multiple lightning strikes on Zn O lightning arrester block[J].High Voltage Engineering,2011,37(1):2763-2771.
[11]刘胜军,周开峰,徐永卫.多重雷击引起220 kV断路器损坏的事故分析[J].中小企业管理与科技,2012,48(25):115-116.LIU Shengjun,ZHOU Kaifeng,XU Yongwei.Prevention of 220 kV circuit breaker damage due to multiple lightning strikes[J].Management&Technology of SME,2012,48(25):115-116.
[12]郝建成,张军阳,田勇.线路遭受连续雷击造成断路器事故分析[J].高压电器,2010,46(10):105-108.HAO Jiancheng,ZHANG Junyang,TIAN Yong.Faults analysis of circuit-breaker caused by continuous lighting strike on lines[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2010,46(10):105-108.