机械力-化学法制备高性能纤维素膜综合实验设计
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摘要
为实现植物资源的最大化、高值化利用,将科研成果转化为综合教学实验,以天然高分子材料微纤化纤维素为原料,设计了"高性能纤维素膜的制备及其性能表征"的研究型综合实验。采用了一种球磨法与改性剂相结合的机械力-化学法,在常温、无催化剂的条件下,使微纤化纤维素发生酯化反应,并纤丝化为直径更小的酯化纳米纤维素,从而得到了疏水的纤维素薄膜,过程简单且易于控制。所制备的纤维素膜具有优异的机械性能、耐水性及水蒸气阻隔性能。通过该实验,不仅使学生了解源于自然界中的科学前沿、激发其实验热情,还能提升学生的科研和创新能力。
In order to maximize and utilize plant resources in a high value, scientific research results are transformed into comprehensive teaching experiments. A research-oriented comprehensive experiment on the "Preparation and characterization of high performance cellulose membranes" is designed with the microfibrillarized cellulose as raw material. A mechano-chemical method combining ball milling with the modifier is used in the experiment. Under the normal temperature and without catalyst, the microfibrillated cellulose is esterified and filamented into esterified nano-cellulose with a smaller diameter, and thus hydrophobic cellulose film is obtained. The process is simple and easy to control. The prepared cellulose membrane has excellent mechanical properties, water resistance and water vapor barrier properties. Through this experiment, students can not only understand the frontier of science originating in nature and stimulate their enthusiasm for experiment, but also improve their scientific research and innovation ability.
In order to maximize and utilize plant resources in a high value, scientific research results are transformed into comprehensive teaching experiments. A research-oriented comprehensive experiment on the "Preparation and characterization of high performance cellulose membranes" is designed with the microfibrillarized cellulose as raw material. A mechano-chemical method combining ball milling with the modifier is used in the experiment. Under the normal temperature and without catalyst, the microfibrillated cellulose is esterified and filamented into esterified nano-cellulose with a smaller diameter, and thus hydrophobic cellulose film is obtained. The process is simple and easy to control. The prepared cellulose membrane has excellent mechanical properties, water resistance and water vapor barrier properties. Through this experiment, students can not only understand the frontier of science originating in nature and stimulate their enthusiasm for experiment, but also improve their scientific research and innovation ability.
引文
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[16] YAZAWA K,ISHIDA K,MASUNAGA H,et al.Influence of Water Content on the β-Sheet Formation,Thermal Stability,Water Removal,and Mechanical Properties of Silk Materials[J].Biomacromolecules,2016,17(3):1057-1066.
[17] BERTUZZI M,VIDAURRE E C,ARMADA M,et al.Water vapor permeability of edible starch based films[J].Journal of food engineering,2007,80(3):972-978.
[18] PéROVAL C,DEBEAUFORT F,DESPRé D,et al.Edible arabinoxylan-based films.1.Effects of lipid type on water vapor permeability,film structure,and other physical characteristics[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2002,50(14):3977-3983.
[2] LARSSON P A,BERGLUND L A,WA°GBERG L.Ductile all-cellulose nanocomposite films fabricated from core–shell structured cellulose nanofibrils[J].Biomacromolecules,2014,15(6):2218-23.
[3] FANG Z,ZHU H,BAO W,et al.Highly transparent paper with tunable haze for green electronics[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2014,7(10):3313-9.
[4] YANG Q,SAITO T,BERGLUND LA,et al.Cellulose nanofibrils improve the properties of all-cellulose composites by the nano-reinforcement mechanism and nanofibril-induced crystallization[J].Nanoscale,2015,7(42):17957-63.
[5] REDDY K O,ZHANG J,ZHANG J,et al.Preparation and properties of self-reinforced cellulose composite films from Agave microfibrils using an ionic liquid[J].Carbohydrate polymers,2014,114:537-45.
[6] AULIN C,G?LLSTEDT M,LINDSTR?M T.Oxygen and oil barrier properties of microfibrillated cellulose films and coatings[J].Cellulose,2010,17(3):559-74.
[7] LU Q L,LI X Y,TANG L R,et al.One-pot tandem reactions for the preparation of esterified cellulose nanocrystals with 4-dimethylaminopyridine as a catalyst[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(69):56198-204.
[8] LEUNG A C,HRAPOVIC S,LAM E,et al.Characteristics and Properties of Carboxylated Cellulose Nanocrystals Prepared from a Novel One‐Step Procedure[J].Small,2011,7(3):302-305.
[9] HASANI M,CRANSTON E D,WESTMAN G,et al.Cationic surface functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals[J].Soft Matter,2008,4(11):2238-2244.
[10] L?NNBERG H,FOGELSTR?M L,SAMIR M A S A,et al.Surface grafting of microfibrillated cellulose with poly (ε-caprolactone)–Synthesis and characterization[J].European Polymer Journal,2008,44(9):2991-2997.
[11] YI M,SHEN Z.A review on mechanical exfoliation for the scalable production of graphene[J].J Mater Chem A,2015,3(22):11700-11715.
[12] LEE T W,PARK C S,PARK H H.The effect of ball-milling on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes:the electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes-incorporated ZnO[J].Journal- Ceramic Society Japan,2014,122(1428):634-637.
[13] GORRASI G,SORRENTINO A.Mechanical milling as a technology to produce structural and functional bio-nanocomposites[J].Green Chemistry,2015,17(5):2610-2625.
[14] GENNADIOS A,WELLER C L,GOODING C H.Measurement errors in water vapor permeability of highly permeable,hydrophilic edible films[J].Journal of food engineering,1994,21(4):395-409.
[15] HUANG P,ZHAO H,KUGA S,et al.A versatile method to produce functionalized cellulose nanofiber and its application[J].Nanoscale,2016,8(6):3753-3759.
[16] YAZAWA K,ISHIDA K,MASUNAGA H,et al.Influence of Water Content on the β-Sheet Formation,Thermal Stability,Water Removal,and Mechanical Properties of Silk Materials[J].Biomacromolecules,2016,17(3):1057-1066.
[17] BERTUZZI M,VIDAURRE E C,ARMADA M,et al.Water vapor permeability of edible starch based films[J].Journal of food engineering,2007,80(3):972-978.
[18] PéROVAL C,DEBEAUFORT F,DESPRé D,et al.Edible arabinoxylan-based films.1.Effects of lipid type on water vapor permeability,film structure,and other physical characteristics[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2002,50(14):3977-3983.