需求波动下政府补贴对低碳产品选择的影响
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摘要
研究了需求波动下政府补贴对制造商生产低碳产品选择的影响。建立垄断和双寡头两种情形下的古诺博弈模型,分析不同生产策略对制造商产量和利润的影响,得出满足各均衡策略的条件。研究发现:制造商生产策略受政府补贴、市场流失率和市场偏好的影响;政府补贴可引导制造商生产低碳产品,但竞争会削弱补贴对生产低碳产品的激励作用;较大的政府补贴反而会增加碳排放;市场波动程度越大,政府补贴对制造商生产低碳产品的激励作用越弱。
The impact of government subsidies on the low carbon products selection under demand fluctuation is studied.Based on Cournot game models with two cases which are monopoly and duopoly,the impact of different production strategies on the output and profit of manufacturers is analyzed,and the conditions that meet the production equilibrium strategy are then proposed.The results show that production strategy is affected by government subsidies,spilling over rate and market preference.Furthermore,government subsidies can motivate the manufacturer to produce low carbon products,and competition will undermine the incentive effect of government subsidies to the production of low carbon products.However,large government subsidies will increase carbon emissions.In addition,the greater the degree of market fluctuation is,the smaller the incentive effect of government subsidies is.
The impact of government subsidies on the low carbon products selection under demand fluctuation is studied.Based on Cournot game models with two cases which are monopoly and duopoly,the impact of different production strategies on the output and profit of manufacturers is analyzed,and the conditions that meet the production equilibrium strategy are then proposed.The results show that production strategy is affected by government subsidies,spilling over rate and market preference.Furthermore,government subsidies can motivate the manufacturer to produce low carbon products,and competition will undermine the incentive effect of government subsidies to the production of low carbon products.However,large government subsidies will increase carbon emissions.In addition,the greater the degree of market fluctuation is,the smaller the incentive effect of government subsidies is.
引文
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[13]刘慧慧,黄涛,雷明.废旧电器电子产品双渠道回收模型及政府补贴作用研究[J].中国管理科学,2013,21(2):123-131.LIU Huihui,HUANG Tao,LEI Ming.Dual-channel recycling model of wast electrical and electronic equipment and research on effects of government subsidy[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2013,21(2):123-131.
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[15]张国兴,张绪涛,程素杰,等.节能减排补贴政策下的企业与政府信号博弈模型[J].中国管理科学,2013,21(4):129-136.ZHANG Guoxing,ZHANG Xutao,CHENG Sujie,et al.Signaling game model government and enterprise based on the subsidy policy for energy saving and emission reduction[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2013,21(4):129-136.
[16]LI J,DU W,YANG F M,et al.The carbon subsidy analysis in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain[J].Sustainability,2014,6(6):3861-3877.
[17]李友东,赵道致,夏良杰.低碳供应链纵向减排合作下的政府补贴策略[J].运筹与管理,2014,23(4):1-11.LI Youdong,ZHAO Daozheng,XIA Liangjie.Government subsidy policy for enterprise’cooperative behavior in emission reduction in low-carbon supply chain[J].Operations Research and Management Science,2014,23(4):1-11.
[18]朱庆华,夏西强,王一雷.政府补贴下低碳与普通产品制造商竞争研究[J].系统工程学报,2014,29(5):640-651.ZHU Qinghua,XIA Xiqiang,WANG Yilei.Study of the competition between low carban products and ordinary products manufacturer based on government subsidies[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2014,29(5):640-651.
[19]金常飞,曹二保,赖明勇.双寡头零售市场绿色营销演化博弈分析[J].系统工程学报,2012,27(3):383-389.JIN Changfei,CAO Erbao,LAI Mingyong.Analysis in green marketing strategy of duopoly retailing market based on the evolutionary game theory[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2012,27(3):383-389.
[2]LU L,CHEN X.Two products manufacturer’s production decisions with carbon constraint[J].Management Science&Engineering,2013,7(1):31-34.
[3]DU S F,ZHU J A,JIAO H F.Game-theoretical analysis for supply chain with consumer preference to low carbon[J].International Journal of Production Research,2014,53(12):3753-3768.
[4]WANG D H,WANG R Y,ANDERSON D E.Production decision with carbon taxes and green-tech in a duopoly market[C/OL].(2015-07-27).http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/searchresult.jsp?newsearch=true&query Tet=Production%20Decision%20with%20Carbon%20Taxes%20and%20Greentech%20in%20a%20Duopoly%20Market.
[5]LETMATHE P,BALAKRISHNAN N.Environmental considerations on the optimal product mix[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2005,167(2):398-412.
[6]DOBOS I.The effects of emission trading on production and inventories in the arrow-karlin model[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2005,93(8):301-308.
[7]BRAUNEIS A,MESTEL R,PALAN S.Inducing low-carbon investment in the electric power industry through a price floor for emissions trading[J].Energy Policy,2013(53):190-204.
[8]PERINO G,REQUATE T.Does more stringent environmental regulation induce or reduce technology adoption?When the rate of technology adoption is inverted U-shaped[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2012(64):456-467.
[9]DMITRY K,TIMUR N,ANTON O.Environmental taxes andthe choice of green technology[J].Production and Operations Management,2013,22(5):1035-1055.
[10]马常松,罗振宇,李天,等.碳限额政策约束下考虑绿色技术投入的生产策略[J].系统工程,2015,33(8):61-64.MA Changsong,LUO Zhenyu,LI Tian,et al,LI cong.Production policies with green technology input under mandatory carbon emissions capacity[J].Systems Engineering,2015,33(8):61-64.
[11]GIRMA S,GORG H,STROBL E,et al.Creating jobs through public subsidies:an empirical analysis[J].Labour Economics,2008,15(6):1179-1199.
[12]刘伟,张泽华.对产业链中上游制造商R&D投入的政府补贴策略选择[J].系统科学与数学,2011,31(10):1328-1337.LIU Wei,ZHANG Zehua.Government strategy choice of subsidy policy for upstream R&D in industry chains[J].Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences,2011,31(10):1328-1337.
[13]刘慧慧,黄涛,雷明.废旧电器电子产品双渠道回收模型及政府补贴作用研究[J].中国管理科学,2013,21(2):123-131.LIU Huihui,HUANG Tao,LEI Ming.Dual-channel recycling model of wast electrical and electronic equipment and research on effects of government subsidy[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2013,21(2):123-131.
[14]GALINATO G,YODER J K.An integrated tax-subsidy policyfor carbon emission reduction[J].Resource&Energy Economics,2010,32(3):310-326.
[15]张国兴,张绪涛,程素杰,等.节能减排补贴政策下的企业与政府信号博弈模型[J].中国管理科学,2013,21(4):129-136.ZHANG Guoxing,ZHANG Xutao,CHENG Sujie,et al.Signaling game model government and enterprise based on the subsidy policy for energy saving and emission reduction[J].Chinese Journal of Management Science,2013,21(4):129-136.
[16]LI J,DU W,YANG F M,et al.The carbon subsidy analysis in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain[J].Sustainability,2014,6(6):3861-3877.
[17]李友东,赵道致,夏良杰.低碳供应链纵向减排合作下的政府补贴策略[J].运筹与管理,2014,23(4):1-11.LI Youdong,ZHAO Daozheng,XIA Liangjie.Government subsidy policy for enterprise’cooperative behavior in emission reduction in low-carbon supply chain[J].Operations Research and Management Science,2014,23(4):1-11.
[18]朱庆华,夏西强,王一雷.政府补贴下低碳与普通产品制造商竞争研究[J].系统工程学报,2014,29(5):640-651.ZHU Qinghua,XIA Xiqiang,WANG Yilei.Study of the competition between low carban products and ordinary products manufacturer based on government subsidies[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2014,29(5):640-651.
[19]金常飞,曹二保,赖明勇.双寡头零售市场绿色营销演化博弈分析[J].系统工程学报,2012,27(3):383-389.JIN Changfei,CAO Erbao,LAI Mingyong.Analysis in green marketing strategy of duopoly retailing market based on the evolutionary game theory[J].Journal of Systems Engineering,2012,27(3):383-389.