四川盆地震旦系—寒武系天然气成藏模式与勘探领域
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摘要
四川盆地震旦系—寒武系成藏条件好、天然气勘探领域多、资源潜力大,发育寒武系筇竹寺组、震旦系灯影组三段和陡山陀组优质泥岩以及震旦系灯影组泥质碳酸盐岩4套烃源岩,震旦系灯影组四段丘滩体白云岩、灯影组二段丘滩体白云岩、下寒武统龙王庙组颗粒滩白云岩和中寒武统洗象池组岩溶白云岩4套规模储层,震旦系灯影组三段泥岩、下寒武统筇竹寺组泥岩和中寒武统高台组膏盐岩3套直接盖层,具有良好的生-储-盖组合。根据不同区域成藏条件和成藏主控因素的不同,建立了四川盆地震旦系—寒武系的4种成藏模式:裂陷两侧台缘带构造-岩性气藏成藏模式、裂陷内岩性气藏成藏模式、川中台内构造岩性气藏成藏模式和川东川南构造气藏成藏模式。评价了全盆地的4个勘探领域:(1)裂陷两侧台缘丘滩体的储层品质和源-储配置好,勘探的关键在于优选构造稳定且保存条件好的目标;(2)裂陷内孤立丘滩体发育岩溶储层,且被烃源岩包围,精细刻画孤立丘滩体是勘探的关键;(3)川中台地内的储层和烃源岩大面积叠置,构造稳定,但资源相对分散,寻找富集区是勘探的关键;(4)川东—川南构造带发育成排成带的构造圈闭,寻找保存条件好的圈闭是勘探的关键。
Sinian-Cambrian in Sichuan Basin have good accumulation conditions,multiple exploration domains and huge resources potential of natural gas.In the basin,four sets of source rocks are developed,including high-quality argillaceous rocks in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation,Member 3 of Sinian Dengying Formation,Doushantuo Formation,and argillaceous carbonate rocks in Sinian Dengying Formation.Four sets of large-scale reservoirs are developed,including the hill-beach dolomite in Member 4 of Sinian Dengying Formation,the mudstone in Member 3 of Sinian Dengying Formation,the grain-beach dolomite in Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation and the karst dolomite in Middle Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation.Three sets of direct cap rocks are developed,including the mudstones of Member 3 of Dengying Formation and Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation,and the gypsum-salt rocks of Middle Cambrian Gaotai Formation.All formations show favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblages.The source rocks,reservoirs and cap rocks could form favorable source-seal assemblages.According to different accumulation conditions and the main controlling factors of accumulation in various areas,four Sinian-Cambrian accumulation modes in Sichuan Basin are divided,i.e.,the structural-lithologic gas accumulation mode at the platform margins on two sides of the rift,the lithologic gas accumulation mode inside the rift,the structural-lithologic gas accumulation mode inside the platform of central Sichuan and the structural gas accumulation mode in southeast Sichuan Basin.Four exploration domains are evaluated as below:(1)the hill-beach bodies on two sides of the rift are characterized by good reservoir quality and source-reservoir allocation,and the key to exploration is to select the target with stable structure and good preservation condition;(2)karst reservoirs are developed in the isolated hill-beach bodies on both sides of the rift,surrounded by source rocks,and the key to exploration is to elaborate the isolated hill-beach bodies;(3)the reservoirs and source rocks inside the platform of central Sichuan are superimposed on a large scale,characterized by stable structure and decentralized resources,and the key to exploration is to find the enrichment area.(4)the tectonic traps in rows and zones are developed in East and South Sichuan,and the key to exploration is to find well-preserved traps.
Sinian-Cambrian in Sichuan Basin have good accumulation conditions,multiple exploration domains and huge resources potential of natural gas.In the basin,four sets of source rocks are developed,including high-quality argillaceous rocks in Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation,Member 3 of Sinian Dengying Formation,Doushantuo Formation,and argillaceous carbonate rocks in Sinian Dengying Formation.Four sets of large-scale reservoirs are developed,including the hill-beach dolomite in Member 4 of Sinian Dengying Formation,the mudstone in Member 3 of Sinian Dengying Formation,the grain-beach dolomite in Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation and the karst dolomite in Middle Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation.Three sets of direct cap rocks are developed,including the mudstones of Member 3 of Dengying Formation and Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation,and the gypsum-salt rocks of Middle Cambrian Gaotai Formation.All formations show favorable source-reservoir-cap assemblages.The source rocks,reservoirs and cap rocks could form favorable source-seal assemblages.According to different accumulation conditions and the main controlling factors of accumulation in various areas,four Sinian-Cambrian accumulation modes in Sichuan Basin are divided,i.e.,the structural-lithologic gas accumulation mode at the platform margins on two sides of the rift,the lithologic gas accumulation mode inside the rift,the structural-lithologic gas accumulation mode inside the platform of central Sichuan and the structural gas accumulation mode in southeast Sichuan Basin.Four exploration domains are evaluated as below:(1)the hill-beach bodies on two sides of the rift are characterized by good reservoir quality and source-reservoir allocation,and the key to exploration is to select the target with stable structure and good preservation condition;(2)karst reservoirs are developed in the isolated hill-beach bodies on both sides of the rift,surrounded by source rocks,and the key to exploration is to elaborate the isolated hill-beach bodies;(3)the reservoirs and source rocks inside the platform of central Sichuan are superimposed on a large scale,characterized by stable structure and decentralized resources,and the key to exploration is to find the enrichment area.(4)the tectonic traps in rows and zones are developed in East and South Sichuan,and the key to exploration is to find well-preserved traps.
引文
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