我国精密可控震源主动探测研究进展
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摘要
精密可控震源对地发射扫频信号,通过高精度的观测系统获得记录资料,采用专门的数据处理方法来提取信号,获得地下介质的信息。介绍现有的一些数据处理方法,比如匹配滤波、反褶积、Wigner-Hough变换和时变滤波等,可以实现可控震源信号提取。并总结这些方法的优缺点。通过多次野外科学实验发现,精密可控震源技术是一种探测地下介质结构及变化的有效途径。针对精密可控震源探测的影响因素,还需要开展深入研究,以便于改善其探测距离和分辨能力。
A sweep signal,radiated by the Controlled Accurately Seismic Source( CASS),is recorded by a highprecision observation system. From what 's recorded signal is extracted through special data processing to get information about the subsurface medium. This paper first presents some data-processing methods like matched filter,deconvolution,Wigner-Hough transform and time-varying narrow-band filter etc.,which can be used to extract controlled seismic source signals,and then summarizes both the advantages and the disadvantages of these methods.Field experiments prove that CASS technology is efficient in detecting the structure and variation of the subsurface medium. To make improvements in the detection of distance and resolution capability,further study is to be done in specifying the factors that have an influence on CASS detection.
A sweep signal,radiated by the Controlled Accurately Seismic Source( CASS),is recorded by a highprecision observation system. From what 's recorded signal is extracted through special data processing to get information about the subsurface medium. This paper first presents some data-processing methods like matched filter,deconvolution,Wigner-Hough transform and time-varying narrow-band filter etc.,which can be used to extract controlled seismic source signals,and then summarizes both the advantages and the disadvantages of these methods.Field experiments prove that CASS technology is efficient in detecting the structure and variation of the subsurface medium. To make improvements in the detection of distance and resolution capability,further study is to be done in specifying the factors that have an influence on CASS detection.
引文
[1]古本充宗,平松良浩,佐藤隆司.地震波速变化和地壳内应力的测定[J].世界地震译丛,2005,(2):28-35.
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[7]陈颙,李宜晋.地震波雷达研究展望:用人工震源探测大陆地壳结构[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2007,37(8):813-819.
[8]王宝善,王伟涛,葛洪魁,等.人工震源地下介质变化动态监测[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(3):249-256.
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[10]物探局研究所震源室.可控震源的原理及工作方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1977,21(4):1-34.
[11]王洪体,庄灿涛,薛兵,等.精密主动地震监测[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11):1808-1815.
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[13]Yamaoka K,Kunitomo T,Miyakawa K,et al.A trial for monitoring temporal variation of seismic velocity using an ACROSS system[J].The Island Arc,2001,10(3-4):336-347.
[14]Kunitomo T,Kumazawa M.Active monitoring of the earth’s structure by the seismic ACROSSTransmitting and receiving technologies of the seismic ACROSS[C].First International Workshop on Active Monitoring in the Solid Earth Geophysics,2004,S4-04.
[15]Ikuta R,Yamaoka K,Miyakawa K,et al.Continuous monitoring of propagation velocity of seismic wave using ACROSS[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,1(5):681-689.
[16]齐布利奇克.通过大功率震源装置实现的主动地震学[M].新西伯利亚:俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院,2004.
[17]沈军,薄景山,于晓辉,等,2013年4月20日芦山7.0级地震发震构造及地震地质灾害特点[J].防灾科技学院学报,2013,15(3):1-8.
[18]刘明辉,彭朝勇,周银兴,等.芦山震中区上地壳剖面二维波速结构模型反演[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(1):69-78.
[19]杨微,葛洪魁,王宝善,等.由精密控制人工震源观测到的绵竹5.6级地震前后波速变化[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(5):1149-1157.
[20]崔仁胜,王洪体.精密控制震源发射信号设计方法研究[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2011,32(2):47-52.
[21]崔仁胜,王洪体.提取精密控制震源信号的加权匹配滤波方法[J].地震,2011,4:133-139.
[22]Li Z W,You Q Y,Ni S D,et al.Waveform retrieval and phase identification for seismic data from the CASS experiment[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2012,170(5):815-830.doi:10.1007/s00024-012-0585-2.
[23]刘希康,崔仁胜,王洪体.用Wigner-Hough变换检测精密可控震源信号[J].地震,2013,33(3):33-42.
[24]刘明辉,周银兴,彭朝勇,等.用能量累积法检测地震波雷达信号[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1259-1268.
[25]张正帅,崔仁胜,薛兵,等.基于时变窄带滤波技术提取可控震源扫频信号方法研究[J].地震,2015,35(3):44-56.
[26]杨卓欣,刘宝峰,王勤彩,等.新丰江库区二维P波速度结构—英德-河源-陆河深地震测深剖面探测结果[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):1968-1975.
[27]陈祖斌,滕吉文,林君,等.电磁式可控震源-大地耦合过程中的非线性特征分析[J].中国科学:地球科学,2005,35(4):333-339.
[2]齐诚,陈棋福,陈颙,等.利用背景噪声进行地震成像的新方法[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):771-777.
[3]刘志坤,黄金莉.利用背景噪声互相关研究汶川地震震源区地震波速度变化[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(4):853-863.
[4]Poupinet G,Ellsworth W L,Frechet J.Monitoring velocity variations in the crust using earthquake doublets:an application to the Calaveras Fault,California[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1984,89(B2):5719-5731.
[5]Silver P G,Daley T M,Niu F L,et al.Active source monitoring of cross-well seismic travel time for stress induced changes[J].Bull Seism Soc Am,2007,97(18):281-293.
[6]Wang B,Zhu P,Chen Y,et al.Continuous subsurface velocity measurement with coda wave interferometry[J].J Geophys Res:Solid Earth,2008,113(B12):36-44,doi:10.1029/2007JB005023.
[7]陈颙,李宜晋.地震波雷达研究展望:用人工震源探测大陆地壳结构[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2007,37(8):813-819.
[8]王宝善,王伟涛,葛洪魁,等.人工震源地下介质变化动态监测[J].地球科学进展,2011,26(3):249-256.
[9]陶知非.可控震源的现状与问题[J].石油物探装备,1995,5(1):11-25.
[10]物探局研究所震源室.可控震源的原理及工作方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,1977,21(4):1-34.
[11]王洪体,庄灿涛,薛兵,等.精密主动地震监测[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(11):1808-1815.
[12]Alekseev A S,Chichinin I S,Korneev V A,et al.Powerful low-frequency vibrators for active seismology[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2005,95(1):1-17.
[13]Yamaoka K,Kunitomo T,Miyakawa K,et al.A trial for monitoring temporal variation of seismic velocity using an ACROSS system[J].The Island Arc,2001,10(3-4):336-347.
[14]Kunitomo T,Kumazawa M.Active monitoring of the earth’s structure by the seismic ACROSSTransmitting and receiving technologies of the seismic ACROSS[C].First International Workshop on Active Monitoring in the Solid Earth Geophysics,2004,S4-04.
[15]Ikuta R,Yamaoka K,Miyakawa K,et al.Continuous monitoring of propagation velocity of seismic wave using ACROSS[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,1(5):681-689.
[16]齐布利奇克.通过大功率震源装置实现的主动地震学[M].新西伯利亚:俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院,2004.
[17]沈军,薄景山,于晓辉,等,2013年4月20日芦山7.0级地震发震构造及地震地质灾害特点[J].防灾科技学院学报,2013,15(3):1-8.
[18]刘明辉,彭朝勇,周银兴,等.芦山震中区上地壳剖面二维波速结构模型反演[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(1):69-78.
[19]杨微,葛洪魁,王宝善,等.由精密控制人工震源观测到的绵竹5.6级地震前后波速变化[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(5):1149-1157.
[20]崔仁胜,王洪体.精密控制震源发射信号设计方法研究[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2011,32(2):47-52.
[21]崔仁胜,王洪体.提取精密控制震源信号的加权匹配滤波方法[J].地震,2011,4:133-139.
[22]Li Z W,You Q Y,Ni S D,et al.Waveform retrieval and phase identification for seismic data from the CASS experiment[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,2012,170(5):815-830.doi:10.1007/s00024-012-0585-2.
[23]刘希康,崔仁胜,王洪体.用Wigner-Hough变换检测精密可控震源信号[J].地震,2013,33(3):33-42.
[24]刘明辉,周银兴,彭朝勇,等.用能量累积法检测地震波雷达信号[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1259-1268.
[25]张正帅,崔仁胜,薛兵,等.基于时变窄带滤波技术提取可控震源扫频信号方法研究[J].地震,2015,35(3):44-56.
[26]杨卓欣,刘宝峰,王勤彩,等.新丰江库区二维P波速度结构—英德-河源-陆河深地震测深剖面探测结果[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):1968-1975.
[27]陈祖斌,滕吉文,林君,等.电磁式可控震源-大地耦合过程中的非线性特征分析[J].中国科学:地球科学,2005,35(4):333-339.