不同品种硫肥对苋菜镉累积的影响
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摘要
为选择适宜种类的硫肥来辅助苋菜修复土壤Cd污染,采用盆栽试验,以苋菜(Amaranshus mangostanus L.)为供试作物,在两种酸性土壤(黄棕壤、赤红壤)上施用硫磺、硫酸钙、硫酸铵三种不同硫肥,探究不同特性硫肥对酸性土壤上苋菜生长及其对硫和Cd的吸收以及累积的影响。结果显示,两种酸性土壤中施用硫肥均促进了苋菜植株对硫的吸收,且减轻了Cd对植株的毒害作用,苋菜的生物量显著提高。此外,三种不同特性硫肥施入两种Cd污染的土壤,苋菜地上和地下部Cd含量均显著增加。两种酸性土壤施用不同硫肥后,苋菜硫和Cd累积量增加,其中以施加硫酸铵效果最佳;黄棕壤和赤红壤中苋菜地上部Cd累积量分别比对照高1.45倍和2.39倍;施加硫磺后苋菜根部Cd累积量最少。硫酸铵作为含氮硫肥在黄棕壤和赤红壤上施用,可有效辅助苋菜修复土壤Cd污染。
In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three kinds of sulfur fertilizer(sulfur, calcium sulfate,ammonium sulfate)on growth and Cd and S accumulation in Amaranshus mangostanus L. in two acidic soils(yellow-brown soil and lateritic red soil). The purpose was to select a suitable sulfur fertilizer to assist Amaranshus mangostanus L. in remedying Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of S fertilizers on the two acidic soils enhanced Cd tolerance by promoting S assimilation in Amaranshus mangostanus L. and improved plant growth significantly. In addition, the Cd contents in the shoots and roots of Amaranshus mangostanus L.increased when S fertilizers were supplied to the yellow-brown and lateritic red soils, respectively. The accumulation of S and Cd increased with application of the different S fertilizers to the two acidic soils. For the yellow-brown soil and lateritic red soil, ammonium sulfate treatment led to the greatest increase in cadmium accumulation in the shoot, i.e., 1.45 and 2.39 times higher than that of CK, respectively, whereas the sulfur treatment led to the lowest. Ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen-containing sulfur fertilizer, applied on the yellow-brown and red soils, can effectively assist Amaranshus mangostanus L. to remedy Cd-contaminated soil.
In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three kinds of sulfur fertilizer(sulfur, calcium sulfate,ammonium sulfate)on growth and Cd and S accumulation in Amaranshus mangostanus L. in two acidic soils(yellow-brown soil and lateritic red soil). The purpose was to select a suitable sulfur fertilizer to assist Amaranshus mangostanus L. in remedying Cd-contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of S fertilizers on the two acidic soils enhanced Cd tolerance by promoting S assimilation in Amaranshus mangostanus L. and improved plant growth significantly. In addition, the Cd contents in the shoots and roots of Amaranshus mangostanus L.increased when S fertilizers were supplied to the yellow-brown and lateritic red soils, respectively. The accumulation of S and Cd increased with application of the different S fertilizers to the two acidic soils. For the yellow-brown soil and lateritic red soil, ammonium sulfate treatment led to the greatest increase in cadmium accumulation in the shoot, i.e., 1.45 and 2.39 times higher than that of CK, respectively, whereas the sulfur treatment led to the lowest. Ammonium sulfate as the nitrogen-containing sulfur fertilizer, applied on the yellow-brown and red soils, can effectively assist Amaranshus mangostanus L. to remedy Cd-contaminated soil.
引文
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[3]赵多勇,王成,杨莲,等.“环境-植物-人体”体系中重金属来源及迁移途径[J].农业工程学报, 2013, 3(3):55-58.ZHAO Duo-yong, WANG Cheng, YANG Lian, et al. Source identification and transfer route of heavy metal pollution in environment-planthuman system:A review[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2013, 3(3):55-58.
[4]安立会,王静波,付青,等.环境镉污染对生殖系统影响的研究进展[J].环境与健康杂志, 2011, 28(1):89-92.AN Li-hui, WANG Jing-bo, FU Qing, et al. Impacts of environmental cadmium pollution on reproduction system:A review of recent researches[J]. Journal of Environment and Health, 2011, 28(1):89-92.
[5]许友泽,刘锦军,成应向,等.湘江底泥重金属污染特征与生态风险评价[J].环境化学, 2016, 35(1):189-198.XU You-ze, LIU Jin-jun, CHENG Ying-xiang, et al. Characteristics and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals contamination in sediments of the Xiangjiang River[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2016, 35(1):189-198.
[6]王婷,王静,孙红文,等.天津农田土壤镉和汞污染及有效态提取剂筛选[J].农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(1):119-124.WANG Ting, WANG Jing, SUN Hong-wen, et al.Contamination of cadmium and mercury in farmland of Tianjin and extration methods for predicting their bioavailability[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2012, 31(1):119-124.
[7]田效琴,李卓,刘永红.成都平原农田镉污染情况及油菜镉吸收特征[J].农业环境科学学报, 2017, 36(3):496-506.TIAN Xiao-qin, LI Zhuo, LIU Yong-hong. Characteristics of cadmium uptake by rape(B. junica)grown in cadmium contaminated farmland on Chengdu Plain[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2017, 36(3):496-506.
[8]常青山,马祥庆.重金属超富集植物筛选研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报, 2005, 24(增刊1):330-335.CHANG Qing-shan, MA Xiang-qing. Advances in the research of selecting hyperaccumulator[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2005, 24(Suppl 1):330-335.
[9] Rehman M Z U, Rizwan M, Ali S, et al. Remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by using Solanum nigrum:A review[J]. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety, 2017, 143:236-248.
[10]张继舟,王宏韬,袁磊,等.重金属污染土壤的植物修复技术研究[J].中国农学通报, 2013, 29(14):134-139.ZHANG Ji-zhou, WANG Hong-tao, YUAN Lei, et al. Research on phytoremediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2013, 29(14):134-139.
[11]许杨贵,李琦,刘晖,等.不同肥料对镉污染土壤中两种菜心生长与Cd吸收的影响[J].农业环境科学学报, 2016, 35(11):2059-2066.XU Yang-gui, LI Qi, LIU Hui, et al. Effects of different fertilizers on two genotype Chinese flowing cabbage in Cd contaminated soil[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2016, 35(11):2059-2066.
[12]朱云集,郭天财,谢迎新,等.施用不同种类硫肥对豫麦49产量和品质的影响[J].作物学报, 2006, 32(2):293-297.ZHU Yun-ji, GUO Tian-cai, XIE Ying-xin, et al. Effects of different sulphur fertilizers on yield and quality of winter wheat(Triticumaestivum L.)cultivar Yumai 49[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2006, 32(2):293-297.
[13]白灯莎·买买提艾力,徐舫,黎育芝,等.不同硫肥对小麦-油菜轮作体系作物产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学, 2007, 44(3):284-287.BAIDENGSHA·Mai-mai-ti-ai-li, XU Fang, LU Yu-zhi, et al. Effects of sulphuric fertilizers on the yield of wheat-rape gops of rotation system[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 44(3):284-287.
[14] Mera R, Torres E, Abalde J. Sulphate, more than a nutrient, protects the microalga Chlamydomonas moewusii from cadmium toxicity[J].Aquatic Toxicology, 2014, 148:92.
[15]吴烈善,曾东梅,莫小荣,等.不同钝化剂对重金属污染土壤稳定化效应的研究[J].环境科学, 2015, 36(1):309-313.WU Lie-shan, ZENG Dong-mei, MO Xiao-rong, et al. Immobilization impact of different fixatives on heavy metals contaminated soil[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(1):309-313.
[16] Zhang G Y, Brummer G W, Zhang X N. Effect of sulfate on adsorption of zinc and cadmium by variable charge soils[J]. Pedosphere, 1998, 8(3):245-250.
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